Propagation and focusing of optical fields
... 2πn can be imaged with sufficient accuracy. This equation is qualitative and we will provide a more detailed discussion in Chapter 4. In general, higher resolution can be obtained by a higher index of refraction of the embodying system (substrate, lenses, etc.) or by shorter wavelengths. Theoretical ...
... 2πn can be imaged with sufficient accuracy. This equation is qualitative and we will provide a more detailed discussion in Chapter 4. In general, higher resolution can be obtained by a higher index of refraction of the embodying system (substrate, lenses, etc.) or by shorter wavelengths. Theoretical ...
Slide 1
... However, you should know that JAVA controls the other programs too, especially MATLAB and IE Explorer. These programs may be SERIOUSLY affected when getting to the old JAVA ...
... However, you should know that JAVA controls the other programs too, especially MATLAB and IE Explorer. These programs may be SERIOUSLY affected when getting to the old JAVA ...
Application of nonperiodic phase structures in
... annular areas forming this nonperiodic pattern can be made relatively wide, which significantly improves the manufacturability and reduces stray-light losses, at the expense of less perfect but still sufficient compensation of the wave-front deviation, as we show in this paper. As a result, the conv ...
... annular areas forming this nonperiodic pattern can be made relatively wide, which significantly improves the manufacturability and reduces stray-light losses, at the expense of less perfect but still sufficient compensation of the wave-front deviation, as we show in this paper. As a result, the conv ...
Refractive indexes of (Al,Ga,In)As epilayers on InP for optoelectronic
... the overall reflectivity spectrum to increase towards shorter wavelengths as shown in Fig. 1. This increases the measurement uncertainty in the fringe amplitude and mode position. We have minimized this error by performing the spectrophotometer background correction with a bare InP substrate (rather ...
... the overall reflectivity spectrum to increase towards shorter wavelengths as shown in Fig. 1. This increases the measurement uncertainty in the fringe amplitude and mode position. We have minimized this error by performing the spectrophotometer background correction with a bare InP substrate (rather ...
General equation for the differential pathlength factor of the frontal
... predicted DPF for the adults agrees with the measured value. For the neonates, the predicted value was outside the SD range of the measured one. Since experimental data were not reported with SD values for the data set of Zhao et al.,28 the agreement was only determined qualitatively. Two out of six ...
... predicted DPF for the adults agrees with the measured value. For the neonates, the predicted value was outside the SD range of the measured one. Since experimental data were not reported with SD values for the data set of Zhao et al.,28 the agreement was only determined qualitatively. Two out of six ...
Frequency Mode Locking in Erbium Doped Fiber Laser Dhyaa . F
... as the Fabry–Perot cavity, which is made by placing the gain medium in between two high-reflecting mirrors. In the case of fiber lasers, mirrors are often butt-coupled to the fiber ends to avoid diffraction losses [7]. In the Fabry–Perot laser cavity The light makes two passes through the gain mediu ...
... as the Fabry–Perot cavity, which is made by placing the gain medium in between two high-reflecting mirrors. In the case of fiber lasers, mirrors are often butt-coupled to the fiber ends to avoid diffraction losses [7]. In the Fabry–Perot laser cavity The light makes two passes through the gain mediu ...
Chapter 5 : Diffraction and Beam Formation Using arrays
... For a uniformly weighted aperture, the radiation pattern (in the far field or in focus) is simply a sinc function in combination with some phase terms. In addition, since the width of the diffraction pattern is directly related to the lateral resolution ( x direction), it is clear that the apertur ...
... For a uniformly weighted aperture, the radiation pattern (in the far field or in focus) is simply a sinc function in combination with some phase terms. In addition, since the width of the diffraction pattern is directly related to the lateral resolution ( x direction), it is clear that the apertur ...
Optical interconnection technology in switches, routers, and optical
... the order of milliseconds or even tens of milliseconds. On the other hand, it is valuable if the signals remain optical all the way through the switch, including possible queuing systems, i.e. there is optical transparency. In this way it is easier to scale up the bit rate or change protocols. With ...
... the order of milliseconds or even tens of milliseconds. On the other hand, it is valuable if the signals remain optical all the way through the switch, including possible queuing systems, i.e. there is optical transparency. In this way it is easier to scale up the bit rate or change protocols. With ...
Relativistic corrections in displacement measuring
... and the speed of light in vacuum c. Since the beam propagates in the x direction, the only spacelike component different from zero is the x component with magnitude k x ⫽2 /. The beam is incident on a flat mirror, situated at some distance x(t) and oriented with its normal in the negative x direc ...
... and the speed of light in vacuum c. Since the beam propagates in the x direction, the only spacelike component different from zero is the x component with magnitude k x ⫽2 /. The beam is incident on a flat mirror, situated at some distance x(t) and oriented with its normal in the negative x direc ...
MICROWAVE NOISE FIELD BEHAVES LIKE WHITE LIGHT J
... a distant planet or galaxy. To explain how such remote sensors operate we refer to the principle of radiometry presented in Fig. 7. Antennas are characterized by their radiation pattern (no gain is used here). A typical microwave antenna, e.g., a horn or a parabolic dish, has the main beam seen as a ...
... a distant planet or galaxy. To explain how such remote sensors operate we refer to the principle of radiometry presented in Fig. 7. Antennas are characterized by their radiation pattern (no gain is used here). A typical microwave antenna, e.g., a horn or a parabolic dish, has the main beam seen as a ...
LABORATORY MANUAL (Modern Physics & General Optics) PL – 402 (2013-2014)
... The cathode heated by the filament emits electron in a process called thermionic emission in which electrons near the top of the Fermi surface in the metal penetrate the potential barrier at the surface and escape. The emitted electrons have a distribution of kinetic energies which is approximately ...
... The cathode heated by the filament emits electron in a process called thermionic emission in which electrons near the top of the Fermi surface in the metal penetrate the potential barrier at the surface and escape. The emitted electrons have a distribution of kinetic energies which is approximately ...
Quadrature frequency doubling
... From considerations in the previous sections we see that in non-ideal conditions the length of the SHG crystal is highly important for the efficiency of frequency doubling. This fact brings its own set of problems in real life frequency doubling. The cross-sectional intensity distribution in laser b ...
... From considerations in the previous sections we see that in non-ideal conditions the length of the SHG crystal is highly important for the efficiency of frequency doubling. This fact brings its own set of problems in real life frequency doubling. The cross-sectional intensity distribution in laser b ...
He-Ne laser -- Optical Resonator
... HINT: It is helpful to use a small piece of paper to trace the beam as it travels from the He-Ne tube to the adjustable mirror and back to accurately direct the beam back into the cavity. This is also useful for tracing out the beam once lasing is achieved; “laser jocks” frequently carry around a bu ...
... HINT: It is helpful to use a small piece of paper to trace the beam as it travels from the He-Ne tube to the adjustable mirror and back to accurately direct the beam back into the cavity. This is also useful for tracing out the beam once lasing is achieved; “laser jocks” frequently carry around a bu ...
New generation position encoders for harsh environments
... quadrature, analogue voltage, UVW commutation, and linear voltage. They even provide absolute position output. Resolution is up to 13-bits – 8192 counts/rev, or 0.044 deg. ...
... quadrature, analogue voltage, UVW commutation, and linear voltage. They even provide absolute position output. Resolution is up to 13-bits – 8192 counts/rev, or 0.044 deg. ...
Passively Q-switched 0.1-mJ fiber laser system at
... than ,12 mJ. Fiber laser systems based on singlemode erbium-doped fibers can be used as compact, simple, and stable sources of Q-switched pulses with excellent spatial mode prof iles and the potential for tunability over a wide wavelength range. Until recently, typical pulse energies from such syste ...
... than ,12 mJ. Fiber laser systems based on singlemode erbium-doped fibers can be used as compact, simple, and stable sources of Q-switched pulses with excellent spatial mode prof iles and the potential for tunability over a wide wavelength range. Until recently, typical pulse energies from such syste ...
High spatial resolution performance of a triple Fabry–Pérot filtergraph
... within the channeled spectrum. Several filtergraphs using FPIs have been recently constructed for solar observations (Bonaccini et al. 1989; Bendlin et al. 1992; Cavallini 1998; Kentischer et al. 1998). The spectral passband of an FPI varies with the angle of incidence of a plane wave which transver ...
... within the channeled spectrum. Several filtergraphs using FPIs have been recently constructed for solar observations (Bonaccini et al. 1989; Bendlin et al. 1992; Cavallini 1998; Kentischer et al. 1998). The spectral passband of an FPI varies with the angle of incidence of a plane wave which transver ...
Ultrashort laser pulse generation
... Ultrashort laser pulse generation1 Concepts for mode locking We have concluded in Chapter VIII-1 that rendering axial cavity modes to oscillate at equidistant frequencies in a phase locked manner results in the emergence of a single pulse that circulates in the laser cavity. Whenever this pulse arri ...
... Ultrashort laser pulse generation1 Concepts for mode locking We have concluded in Chapter VIII-1 that rendering axial cavity modes to oscillate at equidistant frequencies in a phase locked manner results in the emergence of a single pulse that circulates in the laser cavity. Whenever this pulse arri ...
Principles of optics
... 1.1.3 Boundary conditions at a surface of discontinuity 1.1.4 The energy law of the electromagnetic ®eld 1.2 The wave equation and the velocity of light 1.3 Scalar waves 1.3.1 Plane waves 1.3.2 Spherical waves 1.3.3 Harmonic waves. The phase velocity 1.3.4 Wave packets. The group velocity 1.4 Vector ...
... 1.1.3 Boundary conditions at a surface of discontinuity 1.1.4 The energy law of the electromagnetic ®eld 1.2 The wave equation and the velocity of light 1.3 Scalar waves 1.3.1 Plane waves 1.3.2 Spherical waves 1.3.3 Harmonic waves. The phase velocity 1.3.4 Wave packets. The group velocity 1.4 Vector ...
Fresnel`s Theory of wave propagation
... Figure 2: Huygens' wavelets. Originating along the fronts of (A) circular waves and (B) plane waves, wavelets recombine to produce the propagating wave front. (C) The diffraction of sound around a corner arising from Huygens' wavelets. ...
... Figure 2: Huygens' wavelets. Originating along the fronts of (A) circular waves and (B) plane waves, wavelets recombine to produce the propagating wave front. (C) The diffraction of sound around a corner arising from Huygens' wavelets. ...