Building social and ecological resilience to climate
... Islands was assessed as “good” in that most reefs visited were not impacted by human activities, which are usually of concern in other areas of the region. The main cause of reef damage was from crown of thorns starfish infestations. The coral eating snail Drupella, which when in full outbreak can c ...
... Islands was assessed as “good” in that most reefs visited were not impacted by human activities, which are usually of concern in other areas of the region. The main cause of reef damage was from crown of thorns starfish infestations. The coral eating snail Drupella, which when in full outbreak can c ...
Race Rocks (XwaYeN) Proposed Marine Protected Area Ecosystem
... size and encompasses the majority of seamounts surrounding Great Race, the largest of the islets (Figure 1). It is important to note that the selection of Race Rocks (XwaYeN) as a proposed MPA preceded the current framework for selecting Areas of Interest (AOI), which requires areas to be identified ...
... size and encompasses the majority of seamounts surrounding Great Race, the largest of the islets (Figure 1). It is important to note that the selection of Race Rocks (XwaYeN) as a proposed MPA preceded the current framework for selecting Areas of Interest (AOI), which requires areas to be identified ...
What are Phytoplankton?
... Differences from year to year The biggest influence on year-to-year differences in global phytoplankton productivity is the El NiñoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) climate pattern. ENSO cycles are significant changes from typical sea surface temperatures, wind patterns, and rainfall in the Pacific Ocean ...
... Differences from year to year The biggest influence on year-to-year differences in global phytoplankton productivity is the El NiñoSouthern Oscillation (ENSO) climate pattern. ENSO cycles are significant changes from typical sea surface temperatures, wind patterns, and rainfall in the Pacific Ocean ...
Synchronicity of Kuroshio Current and climate system variability
... Trough, the main body of the KC is relatively stable due to topographic constraints (Andres et al., 2015). The high sedimentation rate, advantageous topography condition in the Okinawa Trough, and tight connection with low latitude climate make the Okinawa Trough an ideal location to reconstruct the ...
... Trough, the main body of the KC is relatively stable due to topographic constraints (Andres et al., 2015). The high sedimentation rate, advantageous topography condition in the Okinawa Trough, and tight connection with low latitude climate make the Okinawa Trough an ideal location to reconstruct the ...
EPOC 2014 program - Eastern Pacific Ocean Conference
... in the oxygen content of the subsurface water masses that feed into the coastal upwelling. Here we diagnose the role of subsurface circulation dynamics in modulating the low-frequency variations of oxygen content of upwelling water masses along the US West Coast. Using the ECMWF ORA-S3 and SODA rean ...
... in the oxygen content of the subsurface water masses that feed into the coastal upwelling. Here we diagnose the role of subsurface circulation dynamics in modulating the low-frequency variations of oxygen content of upwelling water masses along the US West Coast. Using the ECMWF ORA-S3 and SODA rean ...
Changes in the ventilation of the southern oceans
... This ‘isopycnal change’ is shown in figure 4e,f, where we have calculated the change for a given latitude and density, and then used the initial density distribution to map the change at fixed density back to depth space. As expected from the imposed increase in wind stress, there is a decrease in s ...
... This ‘isopycnal change’ is shown in figure 4e,f, where we have calculated the change for a given latitude and density, and then used the initial density distribution to map the change at fixed density back to depth space. As expected from the imposed increase in wind stress, there is a decrease in s ...
Ocean Life Zones PPT - Lyndhurst School District
... of limestone (calcium carbonate) that they produce using minerals dissolved in ocean water Ecology - Ocean Life Zones ...
... of limestone (calcium carbonate) that they produce using minerals dissolved in ocean water Ecology - Ocean Life Zones ...
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
... tracks (315 km at the equator) may result in non-homogeneity while presenting a composite of larger area (Rosmorduc et al., 2011). Due to its low temporal resolution (10 day ground track repeated cycle), it is not suitable for short time scale event such as daily variations. ...
... tracks (315 km at the equator) may result in non-homogeneity while presenting a composite of larger area (Rosmorduc et al., 2011). Due to its low temporal resolution (10 day ground track repeated cycle), it is not suitable for short time scale event such as daily variations. ...
Impacts of climate change on the physical oceanography
... 3.3 Thermal stratification and mixing of the water column Section 3.2 discussed the importance of thermocline depth changes for regulating the appearance of cool, nutrient rich oceanic waters at the surface. This section will explore how ocean warming forms a buoyant surface layer and how mixing can ...
... 3.3 Thermal stratification and mixing of the water column Section 3.2 discussed the importance of thermocline depth changes for regulating the appearance of cool, nutrient rich oceanic waters at the surface. This section will explore how ocean warming forms a buoyant surface layer and how mixing can ...
Exploring the Possibility of Altered Ocean Circulation Patterns Using
... global climate patterns as well as the ocean’s uptake of CO2, likely contributing to a positive feedback cycle. (Bollmann et al., 2010) These changes are significantly tied to human activity, such as the burning of fossil fuels. However, information about past environmental conditions, drawn from oc ...
... global climate patterns as well as the ocean’s uptake of CO2, likely contributing to a positive feedback cycle. (Bollmann et al., 2010) These changes are significantly tied to human activity, such as the burning of fossil fuels. However, information about past environmental conditions, drawn from oc ...
THE OBSERVATORIES INITIATIVE
... oceans. Their missions are to conduct fundamental research into important ocean processes and to provide timely, useful, and practical information to a variety of users in areas such as fisheries management, maritime shipping and safety, public health, homeland security, tsunami warning, and weather ...
... oceans. Their missions are to conduct fundamental research into important ocean processes and to provide timely, useful, and practical information to a variety of users in areas such as fisheries management, maritime shipping and safety, public health, homeland security, tsunami warning, and weather ...
Pedro DiNezio: Climate Response of the Equatorial Pacific to Global
... 2007). Evaporation and cloud feedbacks have also been proposed to explain a reduction in the SST gradient. For instance, given a uniform surface warming, the east– west differential in evaporative damping can produce an enhanced SST response in the cold tongue (Wallace 1992; Knutson and Manabe 1995) ...
... 2007). Evaporation and cloud feedbacks have also been proposed to explain a reduction in the SST gradient. For instance, given a uniform surface warming, the east– west differential in evaporative damping can produce an enhanced SST response in the cold tongue (Wallace 1992; Knutson and Manabe 1995) ...
Global hydrological cycle response to rapid and slow global warming.
... where es is the saturation water vapor pressure, T is temperature, L is the latent heat of vaporization, and Ry is the water vapor gas constant. This relation tells us how the amount of water that a saturated atmosphere contains depends on atmospheric temperature. Climate models tend to maintain a f ...
... where es is the saturation water vapor pressure, T is temperature, L is the latent heat of vaporization, and Ry is the water vapor gas constant. This relation tells us how the amount of water that a saturated atmosphere contains depends on atmospheric temperature. Climate models tend to maintain a f ...
Using Isotopes to Understand the Oceans and Climate Change
... 16. Phytoplankton assimilate inorganic carbon dissolved in the surrounding seawater and transform it into organic carbon within their cells, leading to a decrease in CO2 concentration, which promotes further transfer of CO2 from the atmosphere to the surface ocean. Phytoplankton lie at the base of t ...
... 16. Phytoplankton assimilate inorganic carbon dissolved in the surrounding seawater and transform it into organic carbon within their cells, leading to a decrease in CO2 concentration, which promotes further transfer of CO2 from the atmosphere to the surface ocean. Phytoplankton lie at the base of t ...
Activity Title: Introduction to Ocean Zones
... What is the photic zone and how does it compare in size to the other ocean zones? (The top 10 m is where most visible light occurs and then decreases in quality and quantity down to 200m. It is a very tiny fraction of the depths of the open ocean). ...
... What is the photic zone and how does it compare in size to the other ocean zones? (The top 10 m is where most visible light occurs and then decreases in quality and quantity down to 200m. It is a very tiny fraction of the depths of the open ocean). ...
Floral Response of Coccolithophores to Progressive
... over a wide area in the equatorial and subequatorial Pacific Ocean between 20°N and 20°S. Based on the results of Q-mode Cluster Analysis and the floral composition, three main coccolithophore assemblages were identified, including one neritic and six pelagic subassemblages. Pelagic subassemblages d ...
... over a wide area in the equatorial and subequatorial Pacific Ocean between 20°N and 20°S. Based on the results of Q-mode Cluster Analysis and the floral composition, three main coccolithophore assemblages were identified, including one neritic and six pelagic subassemblages. Pelagic subassemblages d ...
Estimation of the Barrier Layer Thickness in the Indian Ocean using
... averaged BLT and (rightrelative to Argo BLT). RMSE from Argo, MRM estimations, and HYCOM in the (a and b) Southeast Arabian Sea, (c and d) Bay of Bengal, and (e and f) Eastern Equatorial Indian Ocean for 2012. January is ...
... averaged BLT and (rightrelative to Argo BLT). RMSE from Argo, MRM estimations, and HYCOM in the (a and b) Southeast Arabian Sea, (c and d) Bay of Bengal, and (e and f) Eastern Equatorial Indian Ocean for 2012. January is ...
Future change of the Indian Ocean basin
... northwestern Indian Ocean and relatively weaker warming off the Sumatra–Java coast. It is also noted that the monthly SST variance is increased over the eastern and southwestern Indian Ocean. Second, the IOBW variability on a quasibiennial time scale will be enhanced due to the strengthening of the ...
... northwestern Indian Ocean and relatively weaker warming off the Sumatra–Java coast. It is also noted that the monthly SST variance is increased over the eastern and southwestern Indian Ocean. Second, the IOBW variability on a quasibiennial time scale will be enhanced due to the strengthening of the ...
American Meteorological Society
... Fig. 26.2. (a, top) Observed major flood events in Jakarta during 1900–2015. The historic data from 1900–80 is gathered from national newspapers; more recent data is recorded by the BPBD DKI Jakarta. (a, bottom) Time series of RX1day (red) and RX2day (blue) including trend assessments for the whole ...
... Fig. 26.2. (a, top) Observed major flood events in Jakarta during 1900–2015. The historic data from 1900–80 is gathered from national newspapers; more recent data is recorded by the BPBD DKI Jakarta. (a, bottom) Time series of RX1day (red) and RX2day (blue) including trend assessments for the whole ...
IOC/SC-WESTPAC
... By focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Jet (KEJ) east of Japan as the direct continuation of the Kuroshio and conducting sensitivity experiments with a high-resolution Coupled Regional Climate Model covering the entire North Pacific Ocean, we show that feedback between ocean mesoscale eddies and the ...
... By focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Jet (KEJ) east of Japan as the direct continuation of the Kuroshio and conducting sensitivity experiments with a high-resolution Coupled Regional Climate Model covering the entire North Pacific Ocean, we show that feedback between ocean mesoscale eddies and the ...
Earth`s Oceans Power Point
... The salinity is lower in areas where freshwater rivers run into the ocean. Salinity levels are also affected by animals such as clams and oysters that use calcium salts to build their shells. They remove salt from the water. In warm ocean areas where there is little rainfall and much evaporation, th ...
... The salinity is lower in areas where freshwater rivers run into the ocean. Salinity levels are also affected by animals such as clams and oysters that use calcium salts to build their shells. They remove salt from the water. In warm ocean areas where there is little rainfall and much evaporation, th ...
pices xv - North Pacific Marine Science Organization
... biomass near surface over the study period. Non day-night migrants segregated the depth distribution, which N. plumchrus appeared near surface and N. cristatus and E. bungii were abundant in the 50-100 m layer. A consistent diurnal migration was evident for M. pacifica as they migrated above 50-m de ...
... biomass near surface over the study period. Non day-night migrants segregated the depth distribution, which N. plumchrus appeared near surface and N. cristatus and E. bungii were abundant in the 50-100 m layer. A consistent diurnal migration was evident for M. pacifica as they migrated above 50-m de ...
Rethinking the Gulf Stream - FDS
... nothing to do with the Gulf Stream. Seager’s modeling study indicated that when the atmospheric jet stream, which flows around the earth from west to east, hits the Rocky Mountains, it begins to oscillate north and south. The oscillation produces winds that flow from the northwest over the western s ...
... nothing to do with the Gulf Stream. Seager’s modeling study indicated that when the atmospheric jet stream, which flows around the earth from west to east, hits the Rocky Mountains, it begins to oscillate north and south. The oscillation produces winds that flow from the northwest over the western s ...
Print this article - Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals
... distribution of P. spinipinnis for the Pacific coast at Paita (5°S) is coincident with the westward turn of the Humboldt Current, as it is incorporated into the South Equatorial Current. In the Atlantic, the northern boundary for the species seems to be associated with the Atlantic Subtropical Conve ...
... distribution of P. spinipinnis for the Pacific coast at Paita (5°S) is coincident with the westward turn of the Humboldt Current, as it is incorporated into the South Equatorial Current. In the Atlantic, the northern boundary for the species seems to be associated with the Atlantic Subtropical Conve ...
Heat Transfer Tab
... • Describe the gradient (the increase/decrease or movement that characterizes what you are describing) that a High Pressure Cell moves to. Box 3: Low Pressure • What symbol is used to show Low pressure? • Describe the air temperature qualitatively and the density of the air in regards to where it is ...
... • Describe the gradient (the increase/decrease or movement that characterizes what you are describing) that a High Pressure Cell moves to. Box 3: Low Pressure • What symbol is used to show Low pressure? • Describe the air temperature qualitatively and the density of the air in regards to where it is ...