A Shift in Western Tropical Pacific Sea Level Trends during the 1990s
... The operator of the Guam tide gauge, the Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (COOPS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), notes that a change in sea level trend occurs after the 1993 Guam earthquake, which resulted in liquefaction of alluvium and fill ...
... The operator of the Guam tide gauge, the Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (COOPS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), notes that a change in sea level trend occurs after the 1993 Guam earthquake, which resulted in liquefaction of alluvium and fill ...
Continental Margins 14.2 Ocean Floor Features
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
Climate change enhances interannual variability of the Nile river flow
... with the increase in the frequencies of El Niño and La Niña events projected by recent studies4,5 (Supplementary Fig. 4a). These changes in the frequencies of El Niño and La Niña events would change the Nile flow patterns following the observed teleconnection between ENSO and the Nile, in which El N ...
... with the increase in the frequencies of El Niño and La Niña events projected by recent studies4,5 (Supplementary Fig. 4a). These changes in the frequencies of El Niño and La Niña events would change the Nile flow patterns following the observed teleconnection between ENSO and the Nile, in which El N ...
Ch13Pres - Leornian.org
... – Beginning with the Challenger Expedition of the 1870s, understanding of the ocean’s properties and processes rapidly grew during the 20th century and into the present century. – New knowledge was partially a product of peacetime application of technologies originally developed for national defense ...
... – Beginning with the Challenger Expedition of the 1870s, understanding of the ocean’s properties and processes rapidly grew during the 20th century and into the present century. – New knowledge was partially a product of peacetime application of technologies originally developed for national defense ...
GEOMAR Highlights | 02
... impact on ocean circulation and thus on climate. The most recent of these events was the shoaling and final closure of the Panama Seaway, which ultimately stopped the flow of relatively fresh Pacific waters via the Caribbean into the North Atlantic 3 million years ago (Ma). Although tectonic changes ...
... impact on ocean circulation and thus on climate. The most recent of these events was the shoaling and final closure of the Panama Seaway, which ultimately stopped the flow of relatively fresh Pacific waters via the Caribbean into the North Atlantic 3 million years ago (Ma). Although tectonic changes ...
- Wiley Online Library
... the dependence increased trend uncertainty by about 50%. If we should increase the error bars in Figure 1 by 50%, they would still be small compared with the year-to-year fluctuations seen, and we may believe that these year-toyear fluctuations are real geophysical changes and not just measurement unc ...
... the dependence increased trend uncertainty by about 50%. If we should increase the error bars in Figure 1 by 50%, they would still be small compared with the year-to-year fluctuations seen, and we may believe that these year-toyear fluctuations are real geophysical changes and not just measurement unc ...
The Ocean
... 4,028 m but its deepest point is the Challenger Deep within Mariana Trench near Japan. This area is also the deepest point in the world at -10,924 m (-35,840 feet). The Pacific Ocean is important to geography not only because of its size but it has been a major historical route of exploration and mi ...
... 4,028 m but its deepest point is the Challenger Deep within Mariana Trench near Japan. This area is also the deepest point in the world at -10,924 m (-35,840 feet). The Pacific Ocean is important to geography not only because of its size but it has been a major historical route of exploration and mi ...
Marine Radiocarbon Evidence for the Mechanism of Deglacial
... retreat could have allowed upwelled deep waters to gain buoyancy from precipitation, converting some fraction of these waters into AAIW without substantial mixing with warmer thermocline waters (28), which would otherwise dampen the ∆14C signal. There is evidence that vertical stratification of the ...
... retreat could have allowed upwelled deep waters to gain buoyancy from precipitation, converting some fraction of these waters into AAIW without substantial mixing with warmer thermocline waters (28), which would otherwise dampen the ∆14C signal. There is evidence that vertical stratification of the ...
Decadal variability of the thermohaline circulation.
... temperatures of the northern Atlantic with comparable latitudes of the Pacific; the former are 4-5˚C warmer. It is thus plausible that variations of the thermohaline circulation could lead to multi-year sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the subpolar North Atlantic; this was first suggested ...
... temperatures of the northern Atlantic with comparable latitudes of the Pacific; the former are 4-5˚C warmer. It is thus plausible that variations of the thermohaline circulation could lead to multi-year sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the subpolar North Atlantic; this was first suggested ...
Water-Mass Transformations in a Neutral Density Framework and
... of internal sources/sinks of buoyancy that were not previously considered. There are, in fact, two main drawbacks in the current methods. The first is the use of surface-referenced potential density (e.g., Large and Nurser 2001; Marshall et al. 1999), which is clearly not suitable for the analysis o ...
... of internal sources/sinks of buoyancy that were not previously considered. There are, in fact, two main drawbacks in the current methods. The first is the use of surface-referenced potential density (e.g., Large and Nurser 2001; Marshall et al. 1999), which is clearly not suitable for the analysis o ...
GEF4400 “The Earth System”
... • Surface ocean currents are driven by the circulation of wind above surface waters, interacting with evaporation, sinking of cold water at high latitudes, and the Coriolis force generated by the earth's rotation. Frictional stress at the interface between the ocean and the wind causes the water to ...
... • Surface ocean currents are driven by the circulation of wind above surface waters, interacting with evaporation, sinking of cold water at high latitudes, and the Coriolis force generated by the earth's rotation. Frictional stress at the interface between the ocean and the wind causes the water to ...
Ocean Deoxygenation in a Warming World
... Oxygen utilization is driven mostly by bacterial oxidation of organic particles sinking from the sunlit layers near the surface. Higher utilization is found beneath regions of high surface productivity and export production. Under both productive and unproductive surface waters, the utilization rate ...
... Oxygen utilization is driven mostly by bacterial oxidation of organic particles sinking from the sunlit layers near the surface. Higher utilization is found beneath regions of high surface productivity and export production. Under both productive and unproductive surface waters, the utilization rate ...
Part 3. Oceanic Carbon and Nutrient Cycling
... Figure 1. The carbon solubility pump. Credit: NOC/V.Byfield. The carbon solubility pump Cold, high-latitude water can hold more carbon dioxide than warmer water. If the water is under-saturated with CO2, gas molecules diffuse across the air-sea boundary, and may also enter the water from bubbles mi ...
... Figure 1. The carbon solubility pump. Credit: NOC/V.Byfield. The carbon solubility pump Cold, high-latitude water can hold more carbon dioxide than warmer water. If the water is under-saturated with CO2, gas molecules diffuse across the air-sea boundary, and may also enter the water from bubbles mi ...
Oceanic climate and circulation changes during the past four
... 2004] and early 1800s (E. Druffel and S. Griffin, unpublished data, 2006) ranged from 65% to 82%, suggesting that the contribution of SAMW varied significantly over time. [12] The mechanism responsible for the variable SAMW entrainment likely involves zonal processes. As southeast trade wind inten ...
... 2004] and early 1800s (E. Druffel and S. Griffin, unpublished data, 2006) ranged from 65% to 82%, suggesting that the contribution of SAMW varied significantly over time. [12] The mechanism responsible for the variable SAMW entrainment likely involves zonal processes. As southeast trade wind inten ...
An inverse model for calculation of global volume Fan, Chenwu
... 8.1.1. Antarctic Circumpolar Currents at the Drake Passage The computed monthly mean volume transport through the Drake Passage is around 156 Sv with a small seasonal variation (Fig. 6), which compares well with the estimate of 134 Sv by Nowlin and Klink (1986), although observed Antarctic Circumpol ...
... 8.1.1. Antarctic Circumpolar Currents at the Drake Passage The computed monthly mean volume transport through the Drake Passage is around 156 Sv with a small seasonal variation (Fig. 6), which compares well with the estimate of 134 Sv by Nowlin and Klink (1986), although observed Antarctic Circumpol ...
ocean basin floor - Plain Local Schools
... • A turbidity current is the downslope movement of dense, sediment-laden water created when sand and mud on the continental shelf and slope are dislodged and thrown into suspension. ...
... • A turbidity current is the downslope movement of dense, sediment-laden water created when sand and mud on the continental shelf and slope are dislodged and thrown into suspension. ...
Earth Sci Ch 14 ppt
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
Continental Margins 12.2 Ocean Floor Features
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
Dohan, K., and N. Maximenko, 2010: Monitoring ocean currents with
... current system, not only for stirring and mixing, but also for strong associated vertical motions. Because of the complexity of behavior, the range of temporal and spatial scales, and the dependence on local conditions for ocean surface currents, satellite remote sensing is an ideal tool for studyin ...
... current system, not only for stirring and mixing, but also for strong associated vertical motions. Because of the complexity of behavior, the range of temporal and spatial scales, and the dependence on local conditions for ocean surface currents, satellite remote sensing is an ideal tool for studyin ...
on circulation, phosphate-phosphorus content, and zooplankton
... concept of surface divergence. Concentrations rare low in the anticyclones and high in the cyclones, the areas of coastal upwelling and at the equator. Coastal upwelling occurs along the California and Peru Currents as a consequence of the equatorward winds along these coasts, Downwelling occurs in ...
... concept of surface divergence. Concentrations rare low in the anticyclones and high in the cyclones, the areas of coastal upwelling and at the equator. Coastal upwelling occurs along the California and Peru Currents as a consequence of the equatorward winds along these coasts, Downwelling occurs in ...
Nutrients and organic matter distributions in the NW Iberian margin
... During cruise BG9815C, a narrow band of cold upwelled ENAW along the Galician shelf (<15°) was observed in association with the dominant northerly winds. On the contrary, surface temperatures >17°C were recorded in the stratified waters of the adjacent ocean. During the upwelling cruise the salinity ...
... During cruise BG9815C, a narrow band of cold upwelled ENAW along the Galician shelf (<15°) was observed in association with the dominant northerly winds. On the contrary, surface temperatures >17°C were recorded in the stratified waters of the adjacent ocean. During the upwelling cruise the salinity ...
APPLICATION FOR CONSENT TO CONDUCT MARINE SCIENTIFIC
... other European groups in the subpolar gyre of the North Atlantic. One of the main goal is to determine the links between the North Atlantic Ocean variability and that of the atmosphere, which is characterize by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The North Atlantic Oscillation, defined as the diff ...
... other European groups in the subpolar gyre of the North Atlantic. One of the main goal is to determine the links between the North Atlantic Ocean variability and that of the atmosphere, which is characterize by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The North Atlantic Oscillation, defined as the diff ...
continental margin
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
... A mid-ocean ridge is found near the center of most ocean basins. It is an interconnected system of underwater mountains that have developed on newly formed ocean crust. Seafloor Spreading • Seafloor spreading is the process by which plate tectonics produces new oceanic lithosphere at ocean ridge ...
Satellite Oceanography: Ocean color
... • What is the role of the oceans in the Carbon Cycle – net source or net sink? • Will the ocean’s role in carbon cycling change in terms of: – Changes in circulation and temperature – Shifts in ecosystem structure and carbon export (e.g., in analogy to vegetation shifts on land in response to precip ...
... • What is the role of the oceans in the Carbon Cycle – net source or net sink? • Will the ocean’s role in carbon cycling change in terms of: – Changes in circulation and temperature – Shifts in ecosystem structure and carbon export (e.g., in analogy to vegetation shifts on land in response to precip ...