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Physics 1252 Sec.B Exam #1E Instructions:
Physics 1252 Sec.B Exam #1E Instructions:

... A. will undergo total internal reflection if incident from below the interface with an angle of incidence of 8.5o . B. will have an angle of refraction greater than the angle of incidence if the beam is incident from above the interface without total internal reflection. C. will undergo total intern ...
Fabrication of elliptically figured mirror for focusing hard x rays to
Fabrication of elliptically figured mirror for focusing hard x rays to

... aperture, L is the mirror length, and ␪ is the glancing angle of an incident beam. The calculated demagnification size 共D1兲 should be smaller than the diffraction-limited focal size 共D2兲 to obtain the optimum performances of focusing mirrors. Equation 共1兲 shows that the longer the object distance u, ...
Linear Polarization 5.2.4 Polarization and Materials
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... a direction orthogonal to that of the o-wave. 2. case: The incoming (unpolarized) beam is parallel to an optical axis of the crystal, and its angle of incidence is still 90o, i.e. it is exactly perpendicular to the surface of the crystal. This is a rather special condition now because it means that ...
Lecture Notes
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... Diffraction by a Single Slit: Locating the Minima, cont'd Repeat previous analysis for pairs of rays, each separated by a vertical distance of a/2 at the slit. Setting path length difference to /2 for each pair of rays, we obtain the first dark fringes at: ...
introduction - Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
introduction - Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource

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Large Dispersive Effects near the Band Edges of Photonic Crystals
Large Dispersive Effects near the Band Edges of Photonic Crystals

... the sample with the incoming pulse. We used bandwidthlimited ultrashort pulses (70–100 fs) from a Ti:sapphire laser (Spectra Physics Tsunami), tunable from 720 to 835 nm, with a repetition rate of 82 MHz. First, a doublepulsed signal is obtained with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in which the refere ...
Lab Activity: Growing Crystals from Copper Sulfate
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Airway Luminal Diameter and Shape Measurement by Means of an
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... metamaterials. The recent discovery of left-handed metamaterials 共LHM兲2,3 with negative effective permittivity and permeability over a designed frequency band has attracted increasing interest in this field. A medium of this type was termed ‘‘left handed’’ originally by Veselago,4 because for an ele ...
Phase contrast microscopy (PCM) represents a major breakthrough
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Measurement of the Wavelength by Diffraction Gratings
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... weak, in this method the wavelength cannot be measured accurately. By increasing the number of slits to a very large number narrow fringes (lines) of higher intensities can be produced (Fig11). Moreover the fringes are formed far apart from one another. For this purpose Fraunhofer made the first gra ...
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Slide 1
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... process of a microsphere super lens, is ray tracing of Poynting vectors. Specifically, the visual image is generated if the Poynting vectors are reversely extended. Based on the simulation by FDTD Solutions (Lumerical Solutions, Inc.), the energy flow can precisely be calculated, as shown in Figure ...
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CP1: Investigation into the Feasibility of a Three Axis
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... Another issue in biological settings involves the restrictions that the shape and size of the sample (and its necessary environment) pose. A great variety of situations of this kind arise. Cells under inspection may need to be imaged whilst immersed in growth media, they may form just a small sectio ...
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The Resolving Power Of a Microscope and Telescope
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... in the free space. However, after some step it can be shown that, h = 0.61n1 sin i. The above expression gives the smallest distance that the microscope can resolve. The above equation shows that the smallest distance that can be resolved or the resolving power of the microscope depends proportio ...
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... used in the Thermo Scientific™ Nicolet™ Continuμm™ microscope, developed and patented by Nomarski, which enables visualizing and defining samples with poor contrast for IR data collection. Diffraction A modification that light undergoes when passing by the edges of opaque bodies, through narrow slit ...
Volume Holographic Recording and Readout for 90
Volume Holographic Recording and Readout for 90

... material, to be made more precise later. Also, the angle of the grating vector is terms in the surviving Laplace variable. It is pointed outthat the inverse transformation of 2-D Laplace functions as derived here is rather difficult even under weak diffraction limits, even for uniform plane wave or ...
Final Examination Key - FAU Geosciences
Final Examination Key - FAU Geosciences

... 3. Both calcite and quartz occur as transparent uniaxial crystals, but only calcite is capable of showing double refraction in a crystal whose dimensions are 2-3 centimeters. Why? (3 points) THE DIVERGENCE OF THE ORDINARY AND EXTRAORDINARY RAYS IN A ...
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... D is crystal to detector distance. Uncertainty in Φ leads to errors in s. The size of the errors depends on the oscillation angle and the mosaic spread. ...
Fig. 36-6
Fig. 36-6

... To obtain the locations of the minima, the slit was equally divided into N zones, each with width Dx. Each zone acts as a source of Huygens wavelets. Now these zones can be superimposed at the screen to obtain the intensity as a function of q, the angle to the central axis. To find the net electric ...
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Diffraction topography

Diffraction topography (short: ""topography"") is an quantum beam imaging technique based on Bragg diffraction.Diffraction topographic images (""topographies"") record the intensity profile of a beam of X-rays (or, sometimes, neutrons) diffracted by a crystal.A topography thus represents a two-dimensional spatial intensity mapping of reflected X-rays, i.e. the spatial fine structure of a Laue reflection.This intensity mapping reflects the distribution of scattering power inside the crystal; topographs therefore reveal the irregularities in a non-ideal crystal lattice.X-ray diffraction topography is one variant of X-ray imaging, making use of diffraction contrast rather than absorption contrast which is usually used in radiography and computed tomography (CT). Topography is exploited to a lesser extends with neutrons and other quantum beams. In the electron microscope community, such technique is called dark field imaging or diffraction contrast imaging.Topography is used for monitoring crystal quality and visualizing defects in many different crystalline materials.It has proved helpful e.g. when developing new crystal growth methods, for monitoring growth and the crystal quality achieved, and for iteratively optimizing growth conditions.In many cases, topography can be applied without preparing or otherwise damaging the sample; it is therefore one variant of non-destructive testing.
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