X-rays as a branch of optics A C Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1927
... Haga and Wind had estimated. But on the basis of the photometric measurements of Walter and Pohl’s plates by Koch12 using his new photoelectric microphotometer, Sommerfeld found13 that their photographs indicated an effective wavelength for hard X-rays of 4 Å, and for soft X-rays a wavelength measur ...
... Haga and Wind had estimated. But on the basis of the photometric measurements of Walter and Pohl’s plates by Koch12 using his new photoelectric microphotometer, Sommerfeld found13 that their photographs indicated an effective wavelength for hard X-rays of 4 Å, and for soft X-rays a wavelength measur ...
A Study of the Phenomenon of Spontaneous Parametric Down
... A diagram of the experimental setup is illustrated in Fig. 2. The setup consists of a pump laser diode that was used to emit a photon beam having wavelength 405 nm which was directed using a mirror, which was designed to reflect light having wavelengths between 400 nm and 750 nm, through a uniaxial, ...
... A diagram of the experimental setup is illustrated in Fig. 2. The setup consists of a pump laser diode that was used to emit a photon beam having wavelength 405 nm which was directed using a mirror, which was designed to reflect light having wavelengths between 400 nm and 750 nm, through a uniaxial, ...
Research on the Design of an Optical Information Storage Sensing
... To be compatible with the multilayer disc structure, the DOE is designed so that the zeroth-order beam focuses on the servo layer for focusing and tracking, while the first-order diffraction beams focuses on the recording layer. The two beams are controlled and focus on the corresponding layers inde ...
... To be compatible with the multilayer disc structure, the DOE is designed so that the zeroth-order beam focuses on the servo layer for focusing and tracking, while the first-order diffraction beams focuses on the recording layer. The two beams are controlled and focus on the corresponding layers inde ...
High resolution, high contrast, high focal depth nonlinear beams
... in the place of conventional laser beams, for the purpose of achieving extreme performance in several areas of laser optics among the most important, ranging from material processing to microscopy and to the development of novel coherent light sources. Conical waves are unique and peculiar wave pack ...
... in the place of conventional laser beams, for the purpose of achieving extreme performance in several areas of laser optics among the most important, ranging from material processing to microscopy and to the development of novel coherent light sources. Conical waves are unique and peculiar wave pack ...
An Introduction to Propagation, Time Reversal and Imaging in
... defects in the lens system were eliminated, the ultimate sharpness of the image would be limited by diffraction. In the modern treatment, diffraction effects are not connected with light transmission through apertures and obstacles only. Diffraction is examined as a natural property of wavefield wit ...
... defects in the lens system were eliminated, the ultimate sharpness of the image would be limited by diffraction. In the modern treatment, diffraction effects are not connected with light transmission through apertures and obstacles only. Diffraction is examined as a natural property of wavefield wit ...
Beam Diagnostics 2 - ab-abp-frankz
... Transverse Beam Emittance – Interferometric Monitor (T. Shintake) principle: laser provides a non-invasive and non-destructable target by splitting and recombining the laser light a standing wave (sw) is made the intercepting beam produces Compton-scattered photons of high density in the sw-peaks a ...
... Transverse Beam Emittance – Interferometric Monitor (T. Shintake) principle: laser provides a non-invasive and non-destructable target by splitting and recombining the laser light a standing wave (sw) is made the intercepting beam produces Compton-scattered photons of high density in the sw-peaks a ...
Translation-invariant object recognition system using an optical correlator and a super-
... and later retrieved from the HMU to perform translationinvariant correlation with a static, thin holographic filter in the VLC architecture. Similar experiments involving a correlator readout of images stored via angle multiplexing in photorefractive crystals have been performed in the past.5,17 How ...
... and later retrieved from the HMU to perform translationinvariant correlation with a static, thin holographic filter in the VLC architecture. Similar experiments involving a correlator readout of images stored via angle multiplexing in photorefractive crystals have been performed in the past.5,17 How ...
Phase distortions in sum- and difference
... of the other two waves will be intensity dependent if Dk fi 0. If there is linear absorption the phase of the wave that started with zero intensity will also become intensity dependent for Dk fi 0, unless a special condition of the absorption coefficients is met sai as 1 ap or ap ai 1 as d. If t ...
... of the other two waves will be intensity dependent if Dk fi 0. If there is linear absorption the phase of the wave that started with zero intensity will also become intensity dependent for Dk fi 0, unless a special condition of the absorption coefficients is met sai as 1 ap or ap ai 1 as d. If t ...
Summary The properties of chiral molecules can be different in living
... ones. This is a consequence of the Gibbs-Thomson effect, which arises from the fact that large crystals have a lower free energy because of their smaller surface-to-volume ratio. Ostwald ripening, therefore, always leads to a final state consisting of one single crystal that by necessity has a singl ...
... ones. This is a consequence of the Gibbs-Thomson effect, which arises from the fact that large crystals have a lower free energy because of their smaller surface-to-volume ratio. Ostwald ripening, therefore, always leads to a final state consisting of one single crystal that by necessity has a singl ...
Image formation and optical transfer function in a course of
... students have the tools of Fourier analysis and linear systems behaviour to understand the fundamentals of image formation in incoherent and coherent illumination. These concepts are already developed in many text books. Here, a general approach for the image formation in partially coherent illumina ...
... students have the tools of Fourier analysis and linear systems behaviour to understand the fundamentals of image formation in incoherent and coherent illumination. These concepts are already developed in many text books. Here, a general approach for the image formation in partially coherent illumina ...
Non-reciprocal ultrafast laser writing
... along the z axis was therefore discovered. A similar mirror change of phase profiles, was also observed for the line structures, without strong damage features, when written with a pulse energy of 2 mJ. We also used different writing speeds and observed that the linewidth increases when the scan spe ...
... along the z axis was therefore discovered. A similar mirror change of phase profiles, was also observed for the line structures, without strong damage features, when written with a pulse energy of 2 mJ. We also used different writing speeds and observed that the linewidth increases when the scan spe ...
Development of a New Optical Wavelength Rejection Filter
... A new tunable optical filter has been developed which rejects a narrow wavelength interval (<7.5 nm) in the near-UV, visible, or near-IR spectral region and allows adjacent wavelengths to pass (T > 90%). This filter will be useful in optics, in spectroscopy, and for laser applications. The active el ...
... A new tunable optical filter has been developed which rejects a narrow wavelength interval (<7.5 nm) in the near-UV, visible, or near-IR spectral region and allows adjacent wavelengths to pass (T > 90%). This filter will be useful in optics, in spectroscopy, and for laser applications. The active el ...
supporting material
... Modified Nearest-Neighbor Measurement As applied to images, the conventional two-dimensional NN measurement is only effective for binary images, that is, images where a single pixel contains no more than one photon. While photon position maps are typically binary since the resolution of the position ...
... Modified Nearest-Neighbor Measurement As applied to images, the conventional two-dimensional NN measurement is only effective for binary images, that is, images where a single pixel contains no more than one photon. While photon position maps are typically binary since the resolution of the position ...
Angular directivity of diffracted wave in Bragg-mismatched A. Heifetz
... the analyses presented above, the diffracted wave vector kS ^n , with an amplitude is in the direction of the unit vector r that differs from b. However, as this beam exits the back end, the amplitude of kS must be equal to b. This fact, together with the boundary condition that the x and y components ...
... the analyses presented above, the diffracted wave vector kS ^n , with an amplitude is in the direction of the unit vector r that differs from b. However, as this beam exits the back end, the amplitude of kS must be equal to b. This fact, together with the boundary condition that the x and y components ...
Theory of Optical Tweezers
... (k, ⊥) is rj . Eq. (9) may also be derived in the framework of GO. Thus, the expression within curly brackets agrees with the GO result for the force exerted by each component ray as first obtained in [9]. The remaining ...
... (k, ⊥) is rj . Eq. (9) may also be derived in the framework of GO. Thus, the expression within curly brackets agrees with the GO result for the force exerted by each component ray as first obtained in [9]. The remaining ...
Chapter505.ppt
... adjacent faces of quartz is always exactly the same. Other minerals were also found to have this regularity. This observation became known as the law of constancy of interfacial angles. • Atoms of different minerals are clustered into geometric forms such as cubes, bricks, hexagons, etc. and so the ...
... adjacent faces of quartz is always exactly the same. Other minerals were also found to have this regularity. This observation became known as the law of constancy of interfacial angles. • Atoms of different minerals are clustered into geometric forms such as cubes, bricks, hexagons, etc. and so the ...
Technical Article
... power level for SS-OCT is expected to be similar to that for TD-OCT. In FD-OCT, where the reference arm power is dispersed onto M photodetectors, the total reference power required to achieve shot noise-limited detection on all receivers simultaneously is more than that required for SS-OCT and TD-OC ...
... power level for SS-OCT is expected to be similar to that for TD-OCT. In FD-OCT, where the reference arm power is dispersed onto M photodetectors, the total reference power required to achieve shot noise-limited detection on all receivers simultaneously is more than that required for SS-OCT and TD-OC ...
lab 4: common minerals in sedimentary rocks
... To determine plagioclase composition using the Michel-Levy method, follow the procedure ...
... To determine plagioclase composition using the Michel-Levy method, follow the procedure ...
The crystallization of biological macromolecules under
... The crystallization of proteins and other biological particles (including nucleic acids, nucleo-protein complexes and large assemblies such as nucleosomes, ribosomal subunits or viruses) in a microgravity environment can produce crystals having lesser defects than crystals prepared under normal grav ...
... The crystallization of proteins and other biological particles (including nucleic acids, nucleo-protein complexes and large assemblies such as nucleosomes, ribosomal subunits or viruses) in a microgravity environment can produce crystals having lesser defects than crystals prepared under normal grav ...
Second-harmonic generation
... beam from a diode laser at a wavelength of 980 nm is focused into a crystal of BBO. Here a small fraction of the incident light is converted into light at the double frequency leading to a faint blue beam at a wavelength of 490 nm. The 490 nm light is filtered out and its intensity can be measured u ...
... beam from a diode laser at a wavelength of 980 nm is focused into a crystal of BBO. Here a small fraction of the incident light is converted into light at the double frequency leading to a faint blue beam at a wavelength of 490 nm. The 490 nm light is filtered out and its intensity can be measured u ...
Persistent spectral hole burning in an organic material for temporal
... take place in the Fourier-transform space. In the present work, correlation is effected between temporal shapes. The time-to-frequency Fourier transform of the reference pattern is recorded in a persistent spectral holeburning material. The reference image has to include phase and amplitude informat ...
... take place in the Fourier-transform space. In the present work, correlation is effected between temporal shapes. The time-to-frequency Fourier transform of the reference pattern is recorded in a persistent spectral holeburning material. The reference image has to include phase and amplitude informat ...
pdf file
... emitter. The remainder was reflected by the beam splitter and used as the probe pulses of the EO sampling measurements. The reflected beam was guided to a delay line before passing through a polarizer. The probe beam was then expanded and collimated by a combination of a convex lens and an achromati ...
... emitter. The remainder was reflected by the beam splitter and used as the probe pulses of the EO sampling measurements. The reflected beam was guided to a delay line before passing through a polarizer. The probe beam was then expanded and collimated by a combination of a convex lens and an achromati ...
Holographic low-energy electron diffraction
... from that form the reference wave, whilst those resulting from subsequent single scattering contribute to the object wave in first order. This is different from the LEED case where the first-order (holographic) object wave undergoes a double-scattering process, though if one groups together all scat ...
... from that form the reference wave, whilst those resulting from subsequent single scattering contribute to the object wave in first order. This is different from the LEED case where the first-order (holographic) object wave undergoes a double-scattering process, though if one groups together all scat ...
Ultra-thin plasmonic optical vortex plate based on phase
... Traditional optical components that control the wavefront of light beams rely on the phase accumulated while light propagates in materials.1 This concept has been extensively used to create a variety of optical components such as lenses, prisms, gratings, and spiral phase plates. Spatial light modul ...
... Traditional optical components that control the wavefront of light beams rely on the phase accumulated while light propagates in materials.1 This concept has been extensively used to create a variety of optical components such as lenses, prisms, gratings, and spiral phase plates. Spatial light modul ...
Experimental studies of far-field superlens for sub-diffractional optical imaging
... precision. In addition, the objects must keep unchanged during the time of translation which makes this method unsuitable for real time high speed imaging. To solve the wavevector mixing issue without the translation process, a FSL with specific wavevector dependent optical transfer function (OTF) p ...
... precision. In addition, the objects must keep unchanged during the time of translation which makes this method unsuitable for real time high speed imaging. To solve the wavevector mixing issue without the translation process, a FSL with specific wavevector dependent optical transfer function (OTF) p ...