Midterm 1 with answer key
... a) fMRI measures the amount of deoxygenated blood in different areas of the brain. Increased brain activity in an area causes a reduction in deoxygenated blood in that area. b) fMRI measures the electrical activity on the surface of the skull while a subject engages in some kind of cognitive activ ...
... a) fMRI measures the amount of deoxygenated blood in different areas of the brain. Increased brain activity in an area causes a reduction in deoxygenated blood in that area. b) fMRI measures the electrical activity on the surface of the skull while a subject engages in some kind of cognitive activ ...
Document
... Monocular Cues – one eye depth cues • Monocular Cues: – Relative Motion: objects closer to you move faster than those further away from you ...
... Monocular Cues – one eye depth cues • Monocular Cues: – Relative Motion: objects closer to you move faster than those further away from you ...
Multimodal Virtual Environments: Response Times, Attention, and
... VA – dominant hand 302ms (SD=78) not dominant 304ms (SD=70) HV – dominant hand 294ms (SD=75) not dominant 306ms (SD=77) HA – dominant hand 272ms (SD=81) not dominant 280ms (SD=69) ...
... VA – dominant hand 302ms (SD=78) not dominant 304ms (SD=70) HV – dominant hand 294ms (SD=75) not dominant 306ms (SD=77) HA – dominant hand 272ms (SD=81) not dominant 280ms (SD=69) ...
Nolte Chapter 22: Cerebral Cortex
... Inferior Longitudinal fasciculus connect superior temporal with insula, oribital, and prefrontal. The cortex is organized in vertical slabs where each column has paramaters that are constant for all cells. Oculuar dominance, tonotopy in A!, etc. BA3(S1) received most of thalamic input from VPL and V ...
... Inferior Longitudinal fasciculus connect superior temporal with insula, oribital, and prefrontal. The cortex is organized in vertical slabs where each column has paramaters that are constant for all cells. Oculuar dominance, tonotopy in A!, etc. BA3(S1) received most of thalamic input from VPL and V ...
The Cerebral Association Cortex
... processing a visual object one is blind to the presence of other objects, even those at the location one is attending to. This is known as the attentional blink, that is we behave as if our eyes are closed while attention is processing an object. Attention can be drawn from below by things that pop ...
... processing a visual object one is blind to the presence of other objects, even those at the location one is attending to. This is known as the attentional blink, that is we behave as if our eyes are closed while attention is processing an object. Attention can be drawn from below by things that pop ...
Topographic Mapping with fMRI
... It is possible to stimulate local regions of V1 with transcranial magnetic stimulution (TMS) which results in light perception in the corresponding region of visual space. ...
... It is possible to stimulate local regions of V1 with transcranial magnetic stimulution (TMS) which results in light perception in the corresponding region of visual space. ...
Localization of Cognitive Operations
... (center) to right-hand box by a brightening of the box. This is followed by a target at the cued location or on the opposite side. The boxes below indicate mental operations thought to begin by presentation of the cue. The last four operations involve the posterior visual spatial attention system; s ...
... (center) to right-hand box by a brightening of the box. This is followed by a target at the cued location or on the opposite side. The boxes below indicate mental operations thought to begin by presentation of the cue. The last four operations involve the posterior visual spatial attention system; s ...
class_2015_readinglist
... visual cortex to stimuli presented at that location are enhanced, and the suppressive influences of nearby distractors are reduced. What is the top-down signal that modulates the response to an attended versus an unattended stimulus? Here, we demonstrate increased activity related to attention in th ...
... visual cortex to stimuli presented at that location are enhanced, and the suppressive influences of nearby distractors are reduced. What is the top-down signal that modulates the response to an attended versus an unattended stimulus? Here, we demonstrate increased activity related to attention in th ...
Pattern recognition and visual word forms
... d Visual Word Form Area (VWFA), which mediates between pecific input, and more abstract linguistic areas responsible for emantic and phonological processes. Although the precise ns from VWFA to systems involved in lexical, semantic and ...
... d Visual Word Form Area (VWFA), which mediates between pecific input, and more abstract linguistic areas responsible for emantic and phonological processes. Although the precise ns from VWFA to systems involved in lexical, semantic and ...
Textures of Natural Images in the Human Brain. Focus on
... Texture patterns— homogeneous regions of repeated structures—are the predominant feature of natural visual scenes. The zebra, a 1938 optical art painting by Victor Vasarely, illustrates how different textures segregate and define figures from their background. Despite the ease with which we perceive ...
... Texture patterns— homogeneous regions of repeated structures—are the predominant feature of natural visual scenes. The zebra, a 1938 optical art painting by Victor Vasarely, illustrates how different textures segregate and define figures from their background. Despite the ease with which we perceive ...
Background: Classical fear conditioning is a phenomenon in which
... CS to evoke a fearful reaction even in absence of the US (Pavlov, 1927). In some cases, this fear of the conditioned danger cue (CS+) can also be observed when a subject is presented a stimulus that shares similar characteristics with the CS+. This is known as fear generalization. Although some amou ...
... CS to evoke a fearful reaction even in absence of the US (Pavlov, 1927). In some cases, this fear of the conditioned danger cue (CS+) can also be observed when a subject is presented a stimulus that shares similar characteristics with the CS+. This is known as fear generalization. Although some amou ...
![[pdf]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008855303_1-42c5934975f83fadb4141440e1a86c3f-300x300.png)
[pdf]
... needed to selectively prioritize information that is relevant to ongoing behavior at the expense of irrelevant distracting information. This selection process is often referred to as ‘attention’. A variety of attention-related modulatory effects on neural processing across the visual system have bee ...
... needed to selectively prioritize information that is relevant to ongoing behavior at the expense of irrelevant distracting information. This selection process is often referred to as ‘attention’. A variety of attention-related modulatory effects on neural processing across the visual system have bee ...
Chapter 1
... – combines input from visual, auditory, and somatosensory areas – helps the individual locate objects in space – Helps orient the body in the environment. ...
... – combines input from visual, auditory, and somatosensory areas – helps the individual locate objects in space – Helps orient the body in the environment. ...
Study Guide Solutions
... Figure 6.5). Lateral inhibition leads to more efficient neural representation because only the neurons corresponding to the edge of a stimulus will fire strongly. The neurons not corresponding will not fire, saving metabolic energy. Lateral inhibition also helps ensure that the brain responds in a s ...
... Figure 6.5). Lateral inhibition leads to more efficient neural representation because only the neurons corresponding to the edge of a stimulus will fire strongly. The neurons not corresponding will not fire, saving metabolic energy. Lateral inhibition also helps ensure that the brain responds in a s ...
Eagleman Ch 5. Vision
... The dorsal stream projects from the rods to V1 to the parietal lobe. It processes information about where an object is. In motion blindness, an individual is unable to detect motion, although they can identify the object. ...
... The dorsal stream projects from the rods to V1 to the parietal lobe. It processes information about where an object is. In motion blindness, an individual is unable to detect motion, although they can identify the object. ...
11 Attention
... attentional mechanisms Brain imaging studies Show that cortical activity is altered by attention Psychology 355 ...
... attentional mechanisms Brain imaging studies Show that cortical activity is altered by attention Psychology 355 ...
Slide 1 - Elsevier Store
... stimulation did not activate the frontal or parietal cortex reliably when attention was directed elsewhere in the visual field. (B) When the subject directed attention to a peripheral target location and performed an object discrimination task, a distributed frontoparietal network was activated, inc ...
... stimulation did not activate the frontal or parietal cortex reliably when attention was directed elsewhere in the visual field. (B) When the subject directed attention to a peripheral target location and performed an object discrimination task, a distributed frontoparietal network was activated, inc ...
Slide 1
... May be that attentional mechanisms can modulate the responses of MT neurons more effectively with reference to a combination of direction and space (Treue and Maunsell) than to space alone (this study) • Feature-based attentional mechanisms (direction of motion as feature) may contribute to the a ...
... May be that attentional mechanisms can modulate the responses of MT neurons more effectively with reference to a combination of direction and space (Treue and Maunsell) than to space alone (this study) • Feature-based attentional mechanisms (direction of motion as feature) may contribute to the a ...
Coming to Attention
... a series of letters to subjects and observed them with fMRI. This time, however, only a single green letter appeared among rapidly changing black letters, and the subject had to tell at the end of the test whether or not it was a vowel. At the same time, the subject was to look for a black X that po ...
... a series of letters to subjects and observed them with fMRI. This time, however, only a single green letter appeared among rapidly changing black letters, and the subject had to tell at the end of the test whether or not it was a vowel. At the same time, the subject was to look for a black X that po ...
File
... The nervous system receives information from the _____________ through our senses and it controls how the body reacts to that information The nervous system maintains ________________by coordinating ______ the body systems The nervous system is the center for ______________ and _____________ The sen ...
... The nervous system receives information from the _____________ through our senses and it controls how the body reacts to that information The nervous system maintains ________________by coordinating ______ the body systems The nervous system is the center for ______________ and _____________ The sen ...
Coming to Attention How the brain decides what to focus conscious
... again displayed a series of letters to subjects and observed them with fMRI. This time, however, only a single green letter appeared among rapidly changing black letters, and the subject had to tell at the end of the test whether or not it was a vowel. At the same time, the subject was to look for a ...
... again displayed a series of letters to subjects and observed them with fMRI. This time, however, only a single green letter appeared among rapidly changing black letters, and the subject had to tell at the end of the test whether or not it was a vowel. At the same time, the subject was to look for a ...
Topic 14 - Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
... access to information Most cognitive processing is unconscious. We are only conscious of the content of the mind, not what generates that content. The question of whether consciousness is required for cognitive processing has been investigated in patients with blindsight. Blindsight is the phenomeno ...
... access to information Most cognitive processing is unconscious. We are only conscious of the content of the mind, not what generates that content. The question of whether consciousness is required for cognitive processing has been investigated in patients with blindsight. Blindsight is the phenomeno ...
PowerPoint Ch. 6
... one bipolar cell Short-wavelength light (which we see as blue) excites the bipolar cell and (by way of the intermediate horizontal cell) also inhibits it. However, the excitation predominates, so blue light produces net excitation. Red, green, or yellow light inhibit this bipolar cell because they p ...
... one bipolar cell Short-wavelength light (which we see as blue) excites the bipolar cell and (by way of the intermediate horizontal cell) also inhibits it. However, the excitation predominates, so blue light produces net excitation. Red, green, or yellow light inhibit this bipolar cell because they p ...
Document
... • Top-down processing: Analysis guided by higher-level mental processes - emphasizes perceiver's expectations, memories, and other cognitive factors • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6Ua5d3wlA0 (1:44) ...
... • Top-down processing: Analysis guided by higher-level mental processes - emphasizes perceiver's expectations, memories, and other cognitive factors • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6Ua5d3wlA0 (1:44) ...
Visual N1
The visual N1 is a visual evoked potential, a type of event-related electrical potential (ERP), that is produced in the brain and recorded on the scalp. The N1 is so named to reflect the polarity and typical timing of the component. The ""N"" indicates that the polarity of the component is negative with respect to an average mastoid reference. The ""1"" originally indicated that it was the first negative-going component, but it now better indexes the typical peak of this component, which is around 150 to 200 milliseconds post-stimulus. The N1 deflection may be detected at most recording sites, including the occipital, parietal, central, and frontal electrode sites. Although, the visual N1 is widely distributed over the entire scalp, it peaks earlier over frontal than posterior regions of the scalp, suggestive of distinct neural and/or cognitive correlates. The N1 is elicited by visual stimuli, and is part of the visual evoked potential – a series of voltage deflections observed in response to visual onsets, offsets, and changes. Both the right and left hemispheres generate an N1, but the laterality of the N1 depends on whether a stimulus is presented centrally, laterally, or bilaterally. When a stimulus is presented centrally, the N1 is bilateral. When presented laterally, the N1 is larger, earlier, and contralateral to the visual field of the stimulus. When two visual stimuli are presented, one in each visual field, the N1 is bilateral. In the latter case, the N1’s asymmetrical skewedness is modulated by attention. Additionally, its amplitude is influenced by selective attention, and thus it has been used to study a variety of attentional processes.