Gaussian Beams
... 6. Describe the beam from the collimated diode laser giving its waist dimension(s) and divergence angles. 7. Comment on anything you observed that didn't quite fit the "conventional theory". Conclusion: After this lab you should have a good understanding of how Gaussian beams behave and how to calcu ...
... 6. Describe the beam from the collimated diode laser giving its waist dimension(s) and divergence angles. 7. Comment on anything you observed that didn't quite fit the "conventional theory". Conclusion: After this lab you should have a good understanding of how Gaussian beams behave and how to calcu ...
LETTERS
... field becomes negligible, we determine the rms momentum width of the released BEC. Along the direction of momentum transfer we measure DPrms 0.30s4dh̄k (all uncertainties in this paper represent one standard deviation combined statistical and systematic uncertainties). Figure 2(b) is an image take ...
... field becomes negligible, we determine the rms momentum width of the released BEC. Along the direction of momentum transfer we measure DPrms 0.30s4dh̄k (all uncertainties in this paper represent one standard deviation combined statistical and systematic uncertainties). Figure 2(b) is an image take ...
P approximation for reflectance imaging with an oblique beam of arbitrary profile 1
... stochastic processes of absorption and scattering. These processes are characterized by the probability distribution functions based on the RT theory and therefore the obtained results provide equivalent solutions. The MC method has been used extensively to solve tissue optics problems with homogene ...
... stochastic processes of absorption and scattering. These processes are characterized by the probability distribution functions based on the RT theory and therefore the obtained results provide equivalent solutions. The MC method has been used extensively to solve tissue optics problems with homogene ...
Laboratory Experiment
... 6. Describe the beam from the collimated diode laser giving its waist dimension(s) and divergence angles. 7. Comment on anything you observed that didn't quite fit the "conventional theory". Conclusion: After this lab you should have a good understanding of how Gaussian beams behave and how to calcu ...
... 6. Describe the beam from the collimated diode laser giving its waist dimension(s) and divergence angles. 7. Comment on anything you observed that didn't quite fit the "conventional theory". Conclusion: After this lab you should have a good understanding of how Gaussian beams behave and how to calcu ...
2015/1/6 1 Chapter 28 Liquid Chromatography High
... 1) Mercury lamp sources with filters (interference filter or absorption filter). 2) Deuterium or tungsten filament sources with interference filters. 3) Scanning spectrophotometer with grating optics. 4) Photodiode-array detector. ...
... 1) Mercury lamp sources with filters (interference filter or absorption filter). 2) Deuterium or tungsten filament sources with interference filters. 3) Scanning spectrophotometer with grating optics. 4) Photodiode-array detector. ...
Use of beam parameters in optical component testing
... 3.7 Comparison of results These different methods for calculating the beam parameters from the irradiance and phase distributions have vastly different responses to errors in the input field. They each have their strengths and weaknesses. The gradient method and the moments method can each be calcul ...
... 3.7 Comparison of results These different methods for calculating the beam parameters from the irradiance and phase distributions have vastly different responses to errors in the input field. They each have their strengths and weaknesses. The gradient method and the moments method can each be calcul ...
Microscopes - Biozentrum
... Phase contrast microscopy is an optical microscopy illumination technique in which small phase shifts in the light passing through a transparent specimen are converted into amplitude or contrast changes in the image. A phase contrast microscope does not require staining to view the slide. This type ...
... Phase contrast microscopy is an optical microscopy illumination technique in which small phase shifts in the light passing through a transparent specimen are converted into amplitude or contrast changes in the image. A phase contrast microscope does not require staining to view the slide. This type ...
Optics and Photonics H. A. Haus
... Our work is primarily concerned with the design and modelling of high index contrast photonic devices. These include (a) resonant channel dropping filters (CDF) for use in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), (b) low-loss, waveguide components for dense optical integration, and (c) mode converter ...
... Our work is primarily concerned with the design and modelling of high index contrast photonic devices. These include (a) resonant channel dropping filters (CDF) for use in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), (b) low-loss, waveguide components for dense optical integration, and (c) mode converter ...
pdf file
... analysis based on the Gaussian beam approximation was shown to yield the observed features and also predicted the dependence on the beam parameters. ...
... analysis based on the Gaussian beam approximation was shown to yield the observed features and also predicted the dependence on the beam parameters. ...
3-D Ultrahigh Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography with
... By use of broad bandwidth light source, the potential of OCT is demonstrated to perform noninvasive optical biopsy of the human retina (D. Huang, et al, 1991). OCT is based on low coherence interferometry (R. C. Youngquist, et al, 1987), in which the pattern of interference between the reference and ...
... By use of broad bandwidth light source, the potential of OCT is demonstrated to perform noninvasive optical biopsy of the human retina (D. Huang, et al, 1991). OCT is based on low coherence interferometry (R. C. Youngquist, et al, 1987), in which the pattern of interference between the reference and ...
Strong Dispersive and Nonlinear Optical Properties of
... net fractional delay, these phase errors might be reduced by relaxing the fractional delay per resonator and increasing the number of resonators. Alternatively, the phase errors might be corrected by some means of dispersion compensation, thereby increasing the system complexity. In principle, there ...
... net fractional delay, these phase errors might be reduced by relaxing the fractional delay per resonator and increasing the number of resonators. Alternatively, the phase errors might be corrected by some means of dispersion compensation, thereby increasing the system complexity. In principle, there ...
Wavelength Division Multiplexing of a Fibre
... response of the two 16 channel DWDM filters, the four bare FBG sensors, and the laser diode. Of the four commercial FBG sensor wavelengths available (1544, 1548, 1552, and 1556nm), the 1552nm FBG had a 3dB point closest to one of the pass band peaks in the 16 channel DWDM filter. The tunable laser w ...
... response of the two 16 channel DWDM filters, the four bare FBG sensors, and the laser diode. Of the four commercial FBG sensor wavelengths available (1544, 1548, 1552, and 1556nm), the 1552nm FBG had a 3dB point closest to one of the pass band peaks in the 16 channel DWDM filter. The tunable laser w ...
Estimation of glucose diffusion coefficient in scleral tissue
... scattering techniques in application to skin surface examination were reported 8-10 The main idea of such measurements is based on the dependence of tissue scattering properties on the refractive index mismatch between collagen fibers (andlor cellular membrane) and the extrafiber (extracellular) sub ...
... scattering techniques in application to skin surface examination were reported 8-10 The main idea of such measurements is based on the dependence of tissue scattering properties on the refractive index mismatch between collagen fibers (andlor cellular membrane) and the extrafiber (extracellular) sub ...
Nonlinear Phase Noise in Fiber Optical Communication
... Electronic compensation of nonlinear phase noise (NLPN) has been analyzed in the thesis work. Performance comparison of two methods to mitigate nonlinear phase noise has been carried out with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16 QAM) for data transmission in fiber optical communication. These methods ...
... Electronic compensation of nonlinear phase noise (NLPN) has been analyzed in the thesis work. Performance comparison of two methods to mitigate nonlinear phase noise has been carried out with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16 QAM) for data transmission in fiber optical communication. These methods ...
3 Introduction to Add
... such a way that the signal is dropped and the back-reflected light intensity arriving at port1 is zero, providing the coupler is well matched (50% splitter). The transmitted wavelengths are made to interfere in the second 3dB coupler such that they arrive at the output port with no residual light at ...
... such a way that the signal is dropped and the back-reflected light intensity arriving at port1 is zero, providing the coupler is well matched (50% splitter). The transmitted wavelengths are made to interfere in the second 3dB coupler such that they arrive at the output port with no residual light at ...
Absorption Measurements in Microfluidic Devices using Ring-down Spectroscopy
... picolitre sized volumes with a time response of milliseconds. Fluorescence detection is typically the method of choice due to its very high sensitivity and fast response. However, since many analytes are not naturally fluorescent, labelling protocols may have to be introduced and thereby increase th ...
... picolitre sized volumes with a time response of milliseconds. Fluorescence detection is typically the method of choice due to its very high sensitivity and fast response. However, since many analytes are not naturally fluorescent, labelling protocols may have to be introduced and thereby increase th ...
Optical Fiber Sensors Guide
... suggested that the UV irradiation may induce rearrangement of the molecular structure, leading to a compaction of the glass matrix (referred to as the compaction model). Different schemes have been reported for externally writing gratings in optical fibers. They include the conventional two beam-int ...
... suggested that the UV irradiation may induce rearrangement of the molecular structure, leading to a compaction of the glass matrix (referred to as the compaction model). Different schemes have been reported for externally writing gratings in optical fibers. They include the conventional two beam-int ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
... micro-manipulation and micro-fabrication system. Optical tweezers are scientific instruments that use a highlyfocused laser beam to trap, move and rotate microscopic individual dielectric particles in an aqueous medium. The forces exerted on the object result from the interaction between the laser a ...
... micro-manipulation and micro-fabrication system. Optical tweezers are scientific instruments that use a highlyfocused laser beam to trap, move and rotate microscopic individual dielectric particles in an aqueous medium. The forces exerted on the object result from the interaction between the laser a ...
Fourier, Fresnel and Image CGHs of three
... Synthesizing a computer-generated hologram (CGH) of a three-dimensional (3-D) image can be a heavy computational task1. One needs to superpose the mathematical contributions of many waves originating from many points on the objects, when not all of them are located at the same distance from the holo ...
... Synthesizing a computer-generated hologram (CGH) of a three-dimensional (3-D) image can be a heavy computational task1. One needs to superpose the mathematical contributions of many waves originating from many points on the objects, when not all of them are located at the same distance from the holo ...
Experimental and Theoretical Studies in Optical Coherence Theory
... also showed that light consists of two orthogonal vibrations, transverse to the direction of propagation. As a result almost the entire scientific community became convinced of the wave nature of light. In the meantime research in electricity and magnetism was undertaken almost independently from op ...
... also showed that light consists of two orthogonal vibrations, transverse to the direction of propagation. As a result almost the entire scientific community became convinced of the wave nature of light. In the meantime research in electricity and magnetism was undertaken almost independently from op ...
Strategies for the compensation of specimen
... the epidermal±dermal junction. The point object is located on the optical axis at an axial distance z from the NFP. Figure 3 shows how the axial distribution of the confocal signal is affected by the reduction of the pupil size (plotted as a function of NA). All figures are normalized to the maximum ...
... the epidermal±dermal junction. The point object is located on the optical axis at an axial distance z from the NFP. Figure 3 shows how the axial distribution of the confocal signal is affected by the reduction of the pupil size (plotted as a function of NA). All figures are normalized to the maximum ...
Lenserf Reflection, Fresnel Reflection,
... use subscripts 1 and 2 to distinguish between the higher- and lower-index regions. The solid black arrows indicate the real-valued phase vectors or “k” vectors of the infinite plane waves that form the basis for the Fresnel analysis. These same black arrows may also, in real experiments, represent fin ...
... use subscripts 1 and 2 to distinguish between the higher- and lower-index regions. The solid black arrows indicate the real-valued phase vectors or “k” vectors of the infinite plane waves that form the basis for the Fresnel analysis. These same black arrows may also, in real experiments, represent fin ...
AS Waves and Optics
... The violinist presses on the string at C to shorten the part of the string that vibrates. Figure 2 shows the string between C and B vibrating in its fundamental mode. The length of the whole string is 320 mm and the distance between C and B is 240 mm. ...
... The violinist presses on the string at C to shorten the part of the string that vibrates. Figure 2 shows the string between C and B vibrating in its fundamental mode. The length of the whole string is 320 mm and the distance between C and B is 240 mm. ...
Applications of spatial light modulators for optical trapping and
... interferometrically gained correction pattern. Such patterns do not regard wavefront errors, which are commonly introduced by additional optical components. In this context we present an iterative method for wavefront correction in Chapter 1, which exploits the high sensitivity of Laguerre-Gaussian ...
... interferometrically gained correction pattern. Such patterns do not regard wavefront errors, which are commonly introduced by additional optical components. In this context we present an iterative method for wavefront correction in Chapter 1, which exploits the high sensitivity of Laguerre-Gaussian ...
Three-Dimensional Imaging and Processing Using Computational
... evaluated by combining the four intensity patterns resulting from the interference of the object beam with the reference ...
... evaluated by combining the four intensity patterns resulting from the interference of the object beam with the reference ...
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCI) or phase-sensitive X-ray imaging is a general term for different technical methods that use information concerning changes in the phase of an X-ray beam that passes through an object in order to create its images. Standard X-ray imaging techniques like radiography or computed tomography (CT) rely on a decrease of the X-ray beam's intensity (attenuation) when traversing the sample, which can be measured directly with the assistance of an X-ray detector. In PCI however, the beam's phase shift caused by the sample is not measured directly, but is transformed into variations in intensity, which then can be recorded by the detector.In addition to producing projection images, PCI, like conventional transmission, can be combined with tomographic techniques to obtain the 3D distribution of the real part of the refractive index of the sample. When applied to samples that consist of atoms with low atomic number Z, PCI is more sensitive to density variations in the sample than conventional transmission-based X-ray imaging. This leads to images with improved soft tissue contrast.In the last several years, a variety of phase-contrast X-ray imaging techniques have been developed, all of which are based on the observation of interference patterns between diffracted and undiffracted waves. The most common techniques are crystal interferometry, propagation-based imaging, analyzer-based imaging, edge-illumination and grating-based imaging (see below).