Optimally designed narrowband guided
... absorption in the waveguide layer structure. For this reason, such guided modes are also called “leaky modes.” The constructive interference of waves in the specular direction creates peak reflection efficiency; at the same time the destructive interference of waves in the transmitted direction gene ...
... absorption in the waveguide layer structure. For this reason, such guided modes are also called “leaky modes.” The constructive interference of waves in the specular direction creates peak reflection efficiency; at the same time the destructive interference of waves in the transmitted direction gene ...
1 - High Point University
... 2) Click on the “Mirror” button at the bottom of the workbench and then click on the black screen to place the mirror there. Just to the right of the mirror are two numbers; x = __ and fl = __. Note that x is the position on the screen and that x = 0 is at the far left of the screen. As you might su ...
... 2) Click on the “Mirror” button at the bottom of the workbench and then click on the black screen to place the mirror there. Just to the right of the mirror are two numbers; x = __ and fl = __. Note that x is the position on the screen and that x = 0 is at the far left of the screen. As you might su ...
Confocal microscopy with a volume holographic filter
... in-focus point-source objects are imaged exactly inside the pinhole and give maximal intensity. An out-offocus object, even when it is on axis, is equivalent to an extended source on the input focal plane. The off-axis portion of this extended source is filtered out by the limited aperture of the pi ...
... in-focus point-source objects are imaged exactly inside the pinhole and give maximal intensity. An out-offocus object, even when it is on axis, is equivalent to an extended source on the input focal plane. The off-axis portion of this extended source is filtered out by the limited aperture of the pi ...
Imaging Properties of Laser-Produced Parabolic Profile Microlenses
... Production and application of microoptical elements is a new and fast expanding field in optics. Microoptical elements can be used in various applications like wave front sensing, diffusers, integral optics, Luneburg and geodesic lenses, arrays and waveguides [1–4]. One of the most important compone ...
... Production and application of microoptical elements is a new and fast expanding field in optics. Microoptical elements can be used in various applications like wave front sensing, diffusers, integral optics, Luneburg and geodesic lenses, arrays and waveguides [1–4]. One of the most important compone ...
Flatland optics - Weizmann Institute of Science
... dicted the official wisdom. Hence he encountered severe opposition. Eventually, he was convicted to lifelong imprisonment. Fortunately for us, he had the opportunity to write his autobiography and to smuggle it out of the prison so that every reader of his memoirs may now ponder his own dimensionali ...
... dicted the official wisdom. Hence he encountered severe opposition. Eventually, he was convicted to lifelong imprisonment. Fortunately for us, he had the opportunity to write his autobiography and to smuggle it out of the prison so that every reader of his memoirs may now ponder his own dimensionali ...
Spatiotemporal pattern formation in
... We observe only symmetric structures with respect to the beam center. Even for asymmetric initial conditions in the refractive-index grating the attractor is symmetric after the long transients have died away. The running transverse wave pattern occurs in the optical near field. Here it possesses a ...
... We observe only symmetric structures with respect to the beam center. Even for asymmetric initial conditions in the refractive-index grating the attractor is symmetric after the long transients have died away. The running transverse wave pattern occurs in the optical near field. Here it possesses a ...
Associate Professor Shien
... used to compensate the fiber loss in a lightwave system. Optical amplifiers with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technologies can provide high speed and secure optical links that are immune to EM interference and that can transmit information to long distance without using electronic repeater ...
... used to compensate the fiber loss in a lightwave system. Optical amplifiers with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technologies can provide high speed and secure optical links that are immune to EM interference and that can transmit information to long distance without using electronic repeater ...
Design study of a Magneto-Optical Trap for laser cooling of rubidium
... that was cooled and trapped [1]. They have transitions from the ground state to excited states, that correspond to wavelengths in the visible or near infra red (NIR) regions. They can also easily be generated in atomic beams. These two properties make them very suitable for cold atom experiments. Na ...
... that was cooled and trapped [1]. They have transitions from the ground state to excited states, that correspond to wavelengths in the visible or near infra red (NIR) regions. They can also easily be generated in atomic beams. These two properties make them very suitable for cold atom experiments. Na ...
spatial filtering
... where “f” is the focal length of the “Fourier transform” lens. The magnification (the ratio of the size of the final image to the original) will be i/o, and you will get an image of equal size to the original when o=I=2f. Of course, you will need to have the distance between the aperture and the “F ...
... where “f” is the focal length of the “Fourier transform” lens. The magnification (the ratio of the size of the final image to the original) will be i/o, and you will get an image of equal size to the original when o=I=2f. Of course, you will need to have the distance between the aperture and the “F ...
Guerra F., Leone M., Robotti N. The discovery of X
... While working with a highly evacuated tube screened off by black paper, Röntgen discovered that a fluorescent screen brought near the tube, “lights up brilliantly and fluoresces, also if the screen is two meters away from the tube” (Röntgen 1895). This observation was entirely unexpected and soon be ...
... While working with a highly evacuated tube screened off by black paper, Röntgen discovered that a fluorescent screen brought near the tube, “lights up brilliantly and fluoresces, also if the screen is two meters away from the tube” (Röntgen 1895). This observation was entirely unexpected and soon be ...
Optical Interferometers
... interferometer arms is equal to the integer number of wavelengths ∆l = mλ, and destructive interference corresponds to the half-integer number of wavelengths ∆l = (m + 1/2)λ (here m is an integer number). Since the wavelength of light is small (600 − 700 nm for a red laser), Michelson interferometer ...
... interferometer arms is equal to the integer number of wavelengths ∆l = mλ, and destructive interference corresponds to the half-integer number of wavelengths ∆l = (m + 1/2)λ (here m is an integer number). Since the wavelength of light is small (600 − 700 nm for a red laser), Michelson interferometer ...
The discovery of X-rays diffraction: from crystals to DNA. A case
... While working with a highly evacuated tube screened off by black paper, Röntgen discovered that a fluorescent screen brought near the tube, “lights up brilliantly and fluoresces, also if the screen is two meters away from the tube” (Röntgen 1895). This observation was entirely unexpected and soon be ...
... While working with a highly evacuated tube screened off by black paper, Röntgen discovered that a fluorescent screen brought near the tube, “lights up brilliantly and fluoresces, also if the screen is two meters away from the tube” (Röntgen 1895). This observation was entirely unexpected and soon be ...
Sub-wavelength grating for enhanced ring resonator biosensor
... Abstract: While silicon photonic resonant cavities have been widely investigated for biosensing applications, enhancing their sensitivity and detection limit continues to be an area of active research. Here, we describe how to engineer the effective refractive index and mode profile of a siliconon-i ...
... Abstract: While silicon photonic resonant cavities have been widely investigated for biosensing applications, enhancing their sensitivity and detection limit continues to be an area of active research. Here, we describe how to engineer the effective refractive index and mode profile of a siliconon-i ...
(1) and
... Production of colors in thin films: When a thin film of oil on water, or a soap bubble, exposed to white light (such as sunlight) is observed under the reflected light. The brilliant colors are seen due to following reasons: 2mt cos r The path difference depend µ or the wavelength. It means ...
... Production of colors in thin films: When a thin film of oil on water, or a soap bubble, exposed to white light (such as sunlight) is observed under the reflected light. The brilliant colors are seen due to following reasons: 2mt cos r The path difference depend µ or the wavelength. It means ...
Optical Isolation Can Occur In Linear And Passive Silicon
... signals back into the structure. As a result, significant nonreciprocal transport of light can occur in the signal channels in no conflict with reciprocal principle. Simply speaking, it is the selective mode conversion in a multiple-channel structure that comprises the basis of optical isolation in ...
... signals back into the structure. As a result, significant nonreciprocal transport of light can occur in the signal channels in no conflict with reciprocal principle. Simply speaking, it is the selective mode conversion in a multiple-channel structure that comprises the basis of optical isolation in ...
The interference characteristics of light
... The cat’s eye reflector is well designed, diffraction limited [5] and has little sensitivity to the direction of the incidence light [8], so it is a cooperative target in application. But the cat-eye optical lens is a non-cooperative target whose parameters are unknown. By using the active laser det ...
... The cat’s eye reflector is well designed, diffraction limited [5] and has little sensitivity to the direction of the incidence light [8], so it is a cooperative target in application. But the cat-eye optical lens is a non-cooperative target whose parameters are unknown. By using the active laser det ...
File - Electrical Engineering
... If we look at a single ray of light moving through a clear material the distance advanced by the wavefront would be quite regular.There is a widely held view that light always travels at the same speed. This ‘fact’ is simply not true. The speed of light depends upon the material through which it ...
... If we look at a single ray of light moving through a clear material the distance advanced by the wavefront would be quite regular.There is a widely held view that light always travels at the same speed. This ‘fact’ is simply not true. The speed of light depends upon the material through which it ...
Nanostructured Holograms for Broadband Manipulation of Vector
... profile (m = +1 diffraction order), we demonstrated that its polarization is oriented radially, in agreement with Figure 2. As expected from the design, radially polarized beams at 633 and 850 nm are generated at angles of about 32° and 45°, respectively. For both wavelengths, the RPBs exhibit similar ...
... profile (m = +1 diffraction order), we demonstrated that its polarization is oriented radially, in agreement with Figure 2. As expected from the design, radially polarized beams at 633 and 850 nm are generated at angles of about 32° and 45°, respectively. For both wavelengths, the RPBs exhibit similar ...
Sub-100 nm lithography using ultrashort wavelength of surface plasmons
... other hand, optical lithography has been a major fabrication method in semiconductor industries over the past several decades. Recent progress in optical contact lithography1–4 utilizing the near-field promises sub-100 nm resolution at low cost. However, there are several critical concerns, such as ...
... other hand, optical lithography has been a major fabrication method in semiconductor industries over the past several decades. Recent progress in optical contact lithography1–4 utilizing the near-field promises sub-100 nm resolution at low cost. However, there are several critical concerns, such as ...
Combining Photonic Crystal and Optical Monte
... with θ-values larger than 90◦ corresponding to photons that impinge on the PhC from the optical glue side instead of the scintillator side. Due to the symmetry of the PhC, the azimuth angle φ was varied from 0◦ to 30◦ for hexagonal and from 0◦ to 45◦ for orthogonal PhC gratings. For each pair of θ a ...
... with θ-values larger than 90◦ corresponding to photons that impinge on the PhC from the optical glue side instead of the scintillator side. Due to the symmetry of the PhC, the azimuth angle φ was varied from 0◦ to 30◦ for hexagonal and from 0◦ to 45◦ for orthogonal PhC gratings. For each pair of θ a ...
Automatic Absolute Distance Measurement with One Micrometer
... interferometer, external cavity diode laser (ECDL) with wavelength controller, monochrome camera, wavelength meter, motion controller and a computer, as is shown in Figure 2. To control the system components custom system software has been developed. This consists of several programs written in the ...
... interferometer, external cavity diode laser (ECDL) with wavelength controller, monochrome camera, wavelength meter, motion controller and a computer, as is shown in Figure 2. To control the system components custom system software has been developed. This consists of several programs written in the ...
Part I : Theory of two
... The difference between three-valence model and twocenter model: 1. In two-center model, filled deep and shallow traps are coupled only via the density of electrons in CB. 2. In three-valence, there is also an additional coupling due to the relationship of the centers, which is the same element. ...
... The difference between three-valence model and twocenter model: 1. In two-center model, filled deep and shallow traps are coupled only via the density of electrons in CB. 2. In three-valence, there is also an additional coupling due to the relationship of the centers, which is the same element. ...
Observation of light below Cerenkov threshold in a 1.5 meter long
... tens of meters long in order to obtain sufficient light (the total light output being proportional to L sin 20c). Cerenkov counters used simply to determine the composition of secondary beams [7,81 , that is the relative fractions of pions, kaons and protons, can be made to operate in an integrating ...
... tens of meters long in order to obtain sufficient light (the total light output being proportional to L sin 20c). Cerenkov counters used simply to determine the composition of secondary beams [7,81 , that is the relative fractions of pions, kaons and protons, can be made to operate in an integrating ...
may11-96 as a Word 6.0 doc - Lyle School of Engineering
... 20. Find the amount of pulse spreading in a single mode fiber if the optical source is a dfb laser operating at a free space wavelength of 1.56 µm. The laser has a spectral emission width of 0.1 nm. The length of the silica fiber is 3000 km. (You may want to refer to one or more of the attached dis ...
... 20. Find the amount of pulse spreading in a single mode fiber if the optical source is a dfb laser operating at a free space wavelength of 1.56 µm. The laser has a spectral emission width of 0.1 nm. The length of the silica fiber is 3000 km. (You may want to refer to one or more of the attached dis ...
Revista Mexicana de Física . Simulation of Michelson and
... Wave interference in this instrument is based on amplitude division rather than wavefront division. It considers superposition of waves coming from the same source launched with a finite time delay. The Michelson interferometer produces this condition by means of a beam splitter; the light beam is s ...
... Wave interference in this instrument is based on amplitude division rather than wavefront division. It considers superposition of waves coming from the same source launched with a finite time delay. The Michelson interferometer produces this condition by means of a beam splitter; the light beam is s ...
Diffraction grating
In optics, a diffraction grating is an optical component with a periodic structure, which splits and diffracts light into several beams travelling in different directions. The emerging coloration is a form of structural coloration. The directions of these beams depend on the spacing of the grating and the wavelength of the light so that the grating acts as the dispersive element. Because of this, gratings are commonly used in monochromators and spectrometers.For practical applications, gratings generally have ridges or rulings on their surface rather than dark lines. Such gratings can be either transmissive or reflective. Gratings which modulate the phase rather than the amplitude of the incident light are also produced, frequently using holography.The principles of diffraction gratings were discovered by James Gregory, about a year after Newton's prism experiments, initially with items such as bird feathers. The first man-made diffraction grating was made around 1785 by Philadelphia inventor David Rittenhouse, who strung hairs between two finely threaded screws. This was similar to notable German physicist Joseph von Fraunhofer's wire diffraction grating in 1821.Diffraction can create ""rainbow"" colors when illuminated by a wide spectrum (e.g., continuous) light source. The sparkling effects from the closely spaced narrow tracks on optical storage disks such as CD's or DVDs are an example, while the similar rainbow effects caused by thin layers of oil (or gasoline, etc.) on water are not caused by a grating, but rather by interference effects in reflections from the closely spaced transmissive layers (see Examples, below). A grating has parallel lines, while a CD has a spiral of finely-spaced data tracks. Diffraction colors also appear when one looks at a bright point source through a translucent fine-pitch umbrella-fabric covering. Decorative patterned plastic films based on reflective grating patches are very inexpensive, and are commonplace.