different sensory modalities
... extension of the superficial ones – somatosensory neurons in the deeper layers have large receptive fields and are organized in maps which show a regular relationship with visual maps: the front of the animal is represented rostral while the hindparts are caudal, the upper surface is represented med ...
... extension of the superficial ones – somatosensory neurons in the deeper layers have large receptive fields and are organized in maps which show a regular relationship with visual maps: the front of the animal is represented rostral while the hindparts are caudal, the upper surface is represented med ...
BOLD signal - Department of Psychology
... Don’t Panic • BOLD imaging is well correlated with results from other methods • BOLD imaging can resolve activation at a fairly small scale (e.g., retinotopic mapping) • PSPs and action potentials are correlated so either way, it’s getting at something meaningful • even if BOLD activation doesn’t c ...
... Don’t Panic • BOLD imaging is well correlated with results from other methods • BOLD imaging can resolve activation at a fairly small scale (e.g., retinotopic mapping) • PSPs and action potentials are correlated so either way, it’s getting at something meaningful • even if BOLD activation doesn’t c ...
“Black” Responses Dominate Macaque Primary Visual Cortex
... in the primary visual cortex V1 (cf. Sherk and Horton, 1984; Reid and Alonso, 1995), which provides information to higher cortical areas that are critical for detecting boundary and shape (Pasupathy and Connor, 1999; Zhou et al., 2000). It is known that responses of ON and OFF retinal and thalamic n ...
... in the primary visual cortex V1 (cf. Sherk and Horton, 1984; Reid and Alonso, 1995), which provides information to higher cortical areas that are critical for detecting boundary and shape (Pasupathy and Connor, 1999; Zhou et al., 2000). It is known that responses of ON and OFF retinal and thalamic n ...
Recounting the impact of Hubel and Wiesel
... lack of knowledge about the neuronal processing beyond the retina that might underlie that perception. Possibly the largest group specifically interested in perception were psychologists who had accumulated a large number of observations about behaviour, many of whom were searching for an understand ...
... lack of knowledge about the neuronal processing beyond the retina that might underlie that perception. Possibly the largest group specifically interested in perception were psychologists who had accumulated a large number of observations about behaviour, many of whom were searching for an understand ...
THE TELL-TALE BRAIN:
... Tilted lines embedded in a matrix of vertical lines can be readily detected, grouped, and segregated from the straight lines by your visual system. This type of segregation can occur only with features extracted early in visual processing. (Recall from Chapter 2 that three-dimensional shape from sha ...
... Tilted lines embedded in a matrix of vertical lines can be readily detected, grouped, and segregated from the straight lines by your visual system. This type of segregation can occur only with features extracted early in visual processing. (Recall from Chapter 2 that three-dimensional shape from sha ...
GABA-antagonist inverts movement and object detection in flies
... opened rear side of the head capsula. Spikes with an amplitude above a threshold chosen so as to eliminate background noise were recorded. The directional selectivity Rd, of the H1-neuron was calculated as the difference between the spike rate for movement in the preferred (back-to-front) and the nu ...
... opened rear side of the head capsula. Spikes with an amplitude above a threshold chosen so as to eliminate background noise were recorded. The directional selectivity Rd, of the H1-neuron was calculated as the difference between the spike rate for movement in the preferred (back-to-front) and the nu ...
Meaningful auditory information enhances perception of visual
... auditory or both, each of 3-s duration. One sequence comprised only noise, the other the point-light tap dance sequence embedded in noise (with total dots matched). Subjects were required to identify in 2AFC which sequence contained the tap dance sequence (no feedback was given). The amount of noise ...
... auditory or both, each of 3-s duration. One sequence comprised only noise, the other the point-light tap dance sequence embedded in noise (with total dots matched). Subjects were required to identify in 2AFC which sequence contained the tap dance sequence (no feedback was given). The amount of noise ...
The representation of Kanizsa illusory contours in the monkey
... tested the cells using six shapes of the original set of 20: three eliciting the largest firing rates from a particular neurone (‘effective stimuli’) and three which triggered only a moderate response or no response at all (‘noneffective stimuli’). (As IT cortical neurons are often selective for stim ...
... tested the cells using six shapes of the original set of 20: three eliciting the largest firing rates from a particular neurone (‘effective stimuli’) and three which triggered only a moderate response or no response at all (‘noneffective stimuli’). (As IT cortical neurons are often selective for stim ...
The Physiology of the Senses Lecture 5
... Having compared a variety of checker moves the next step is to make the decision to move. This is a second important function of the prefrontal association area. After lesions of this area little frustration is displayed when the patient makes mistakes in every day decisions. One might expect that a ...
... Having compared a variety of checker moves the next step is to make the decision to move. This is a second important function of the prefrontal association area. After lesions of this area little frustration is displayed when the patient makes mistakes in every day decisions. One might expect that a ...
the clinical role of evoked potentials
... stimulus is a high contrast black-and-white checkerboard spanning the central 20˚–30˚ of the visual field whose black and white squares periodically exchange places. The VEP is the averaged response to this reversal. Normal responses to binocular and monocular ‘‘full field’’ stimulation are illustra ...
... stimulus is a high contrast black-and-white checkerboard spanning the central 20˚–30˚ of the visual field whose black and white squares periodically exchange places. The VEP is the averaged response to this reversal. Normal responses to binocular and monocular ‘‘full field’’ stimulation are illustra ...
Neural Analysis
... activity produced by B, and thus perhaps its phenomenal appearance, will be displaced from A. If, however, the test stimulus is coincident with A, the peak activity will be reduced but will not be displaced (provided there are no asymmetries in the tuning curves of individual neurons in the series). ...
... activity produced by B, and thus perhaps its phenomenal appearance, will be displaced from A. If, however, the test stimulus is coincident with A, the peak activity will be reduced but will not be displaced (provided there are no asymmetries in the tuning curves of individual neurons in the series). ...
The Problem of Consciousness by Francis Crick and
... not clear exactly which forms of memory are involved. Is long-term memory needed? Some forms of acquired knowledge are so embedded in the machinery of neural processing that they are almost certainly part of the process of becoming aware of something. On the other hand, there is evidence from studie ...
... not clear exactly which forms of memory are involved. Is long-term memory needed? Some forms of acquired knowledge are so embedded in the machinery of neural processing that they are almost certainly part of the process of becoming aware of something. On the other hand, there is evidence from studie ...
How is the stimulus represented in the nervous system?
... The problem comes in estimating P(v) and P(n) which may be difficult to do meaningfully, especially for natural stimuli. Thus we often work on the forward problem, estimating the response given an arbitrary stimulus, and postpone the reverse problem. There is another problem: what is the appropriate ...
... The problem comes in estimating P(v) and P(n) which may be difficult to do meaningfully, especially for natural stimuli. Thus we often work on the forward problem, estimating the response given an arbitrary stimulus, and postpone the reverse problem. There is another problem: what is the appropriate ...
Mapping Retinotopic Structure in Mouse Visual Cortex with Optical
... To illustrate the overall organization of the entire retinotopic map, we used a color code for stimulus position (Fig. 1 A, F ). Each pixel within the map was assigned the color of the stimulus position, which had elicited the largest response at that point in the cortex (peak position projection; s ...
... To illustrate the overall organization of the entire retinotopic map, we used a color code for stimulus position (Fig. 1 A, F ). Each pixel within the map was assigned the color of the stimulus position, which had elicited the largest response at that point in the cortex (peak position projection; s ...
Superior Colliculus and Visual Spatial Attention
... that regulate spatial attention and saccade selection (Fecteau & Munoz 2006). Although SC activity may have been restricted to spatial attention associated with eye movements, other studies have shown that the SC may play a role in covert attention. In one study, animals discriminated the orientatio ...
... that regulate spatial attention and saccade selection (Fecteau & Munoz 2006). Although SC activity may have been restricted to spatial attention associated with eye movements, other studies have shown that the SC may play a role in covert attention. In one study, animals discriminated the orientatio ...
Beyond the classical receptive field: The effect of contextual stimuli
... Kuffler, 1957) as well as the systematic studies of the functional architecture of cortical neurons in cat and monkey by Nobel Prize laureates Hubel and Wiesel (1959–1968). In these experiments, simple stimuli, such as dots, lines, and bars, were used to explore RF properties. In this paper, we exten ...
... Kuffler, 1957) as well as the systematic studies of the functional architecture of cortical neurons in cat and monkey by Nobel Prize laureates Hubel and Wiesel (1959–1968). In these experiments, simple stimuli, such as dots, lines, and bars, were used to explore RF properties. In this paper, we exten ...
neural basis of deciding, choosing and acting
... areas of the cerebral cortex, not to mention the subcortical structures. This box provides a simplified perspective of the brain regions described in the text. Vision starts in the retina and is fulfilled in the cerebral cortex. Visual processing in the cortex starts in the primary visual area (area ...
... areas of the cerebral cortex, not to mention the subcortical structures. This box provides a simplified perspective of the brain regions described in the text. Vision starts in the retina and is fulfilled in the cerebral cortex. Visual processing in the cortex starts in the primary visual area (area ...
- Stem-cell and Brain Research Institute
... In order to establish the complete pattern of cortical connectivity of area V1, we implemented a quantitative analysis using tracers of optimal sensitivity. We made injections of the retrograde tracers fast blue and diamidino yellow in area V1 subserving central and peripheral visual fields. A major ...
... In order to establish the complete pattern of cortical connectivity of area V1, we implemented a quantitative analysis using tracers of optimal sensitivity. We made injections of the retrograde tracers fast blue and diamidino yellow in area V1 subserving central and peripheral visual fields. A major ...
Article Page 08.27.20+
... part because of the elusiveness of an acceptable definition. One way to define error, especially errors in neural processing, is as naturally occurring variability. Proponents of this view argue that this definition is ecologically sound because, for one thing, it allows for learning—something we as ...
... part because of the elusiveness of an acceptable definition. One way to define error, especially errors in neural processing, is as naturally occurring variability. Proponents of this view argue that this definition is ecologically sound because, for one thing, it allows for learning—something we as ...
Midterm 1
... now even the chemicals and elements that make up these neurons. Though some have questioned how much this approach can explain, each step has been used in an attempt to study the basic processes of the mind. 3. Which statement about the beginning of psychology as a science is FALSE? A. Most early re ...
... now even the chemicals and elements that make up these neurons. Though some have questioned how much this approach can explain, each step has been used in an attempt to study the basic processes of the mind. 3. Which statement about the beginning of psychology as a science is FALSE? A. Most early re ...
Gamma Band Oscillation
... events emerged locally… [and] were not directly related to the stimulus but were added on by the brain.” (Buzsáki, p. 240) Synchrony between various locations occurred only when neurons at those locations responded to related visual features of the object. Furthermore, the determining factor of the ...
... events emerged locally… [and] were not directly related to the stimulus but were added on by the brain.” (Buzsáki, p. 240) Synchrony between various locations occurred only when neurons at those locations responded to related visual features of the object. Furthermore, the determining factor of the ...
The Receptive Fields of Inferior Temporal Cortex Neurons in Natural
... Inferior temporal cortex neurons have generally been found to have large visual receptive fields that typically include the fovea and extend throughout much of the visual field. However, a problem of such a large receptive field is that it does not easily support object selection by subsequent proce ...
... Inferior temporal cortex neurons have generally been found to have large visual receptive fields that typically include the fovea and extend throughout much of the visual field. However, a problem of such a large receptive field is that it does not easily support object selection by subsequent proce ...
nips2.frame - /marty/papers/drotdil
... Saito et al. (1986) demonstrated that MT neurons are not selective for particular senses of pattern rotation and dilation, but only for particular pattern translations (MT neurons will of course respond to a part of a large rotation or dilation that locally approximates the unit’s translational dire ...
... Saito et al. (1986) demonstrated that MT neurons are not selective for particular senses of pattern rotation and dilation, but only for particular pattern translations (MT neurons will of course respond to a part of a large rotation or dilation that locally approximates the unit’s translational dire ...
Partial Position Transfer in Categorical Perceptual Learning Alexander Gerganov ()
... Discussion of Experiment 1 Results from Experiment 1 showed partial transfer of learning for the 4.5-degrees condition - there was a significant difference (in terms of both correct responses and response time) between the control position and the further transfer position (4.5 degrees shift). This ...
... Discussion of Experiment 1 Results from Experiment 1 showed partial transfer of learning for the 4.5-degrees condition - there was a significant difference (in terms of both correct responses and response time) between the control position and the further transfer position (4.5 degrees shift). This ...