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Traumatic Retinal Detachment
Traumatic Retinal Detachment

... retinal detachments (RRD) and is the most common cause of RRD in children. According to the USEIR (United States Eye Injury Registry): Retinal involvement is seen in up to 31 % among all serious injuries. Retinal involvement is seen in 34% of closed globe injuries (CGI) compared to 29% in open globe ...
Ch 10 BS and CH 11 MT
Ch 10 BS and CH 11 MT

... maintain moisture on the anterior surface of the eyeball Lacrimal Canaliculi: ducts at the inner canthus of each eye – collect tears and drain them into the lacrimal sac Lacrimal sac: an enlargement of the upper portion of the lacrimal duct ...
Dynamic visual stimulus presentation in an adaptive optics scanning
Dynamic visual stimulus presentation in an adaptive optics scanning

... the experiment. Once dilated and cyclopleged, subjects were aligned into the system and the initial wave aberrations were measured. To aid head alignment and stability, subjects bit into a dental impression mount, which was fixed to an X-Y-Z stage. VA under two conditions was tested. Under both cond ...
Decreased retinal ganglion cell number and misdirected axon
Decreased retinal ganglion cell number and misdirected axon

... with heritable optic nerve atrophy in humans. In this article, the authors present adult and developmental studies on the retinal phenotype in Bst/+ mice. Methods. Retinal ganglion cells in adult Bst/ + mice were labeled retrogradely with horseradish peroxidase injected into the right optic tract. L ...
Aging Q3 Vision Loss Detailing Sheet - 66 KB
Aging Q3 Vision Loss Detailing Sheet - 66 KB

... functional vision, independence, and prevent injury such as MVAs and falls. Common vision problems include cataracts, glaucoma, aging-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy and many are treatable. Eye medications should be recorded and continued during hospitalization. New visual sym ...
refractive error lecture
refractive error lecture

... is the ability to focus the eye when viewing objects at close distances. When an attempt is made to look at a near object, the lens within the eye changes shape (accommodates). This shape change occurs as a result of impulses sent to muscles inside of the eye. As objects get closer during viewing, i ...
PDF
PDF

... Welding emits a wide spectrum of radiation, from IR to UV light and beyond. UV and far-IR radiation are adsorbed by the cornea and the lens, whereas visible light (VL) and near-IR radiation penetrate to the retina [1,4]. The cornea is sensitive to the effects of UV light and can suffer both acute an ...
A 26-year-old man with a blind spot in his left eye
A 26-year-old man with a blind spot in his left eye

... cysticercosis, and Aspergillus.3,4 Inflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis, sarcoidosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus also have similar presentations. Neoplastic diseases such as meningioma, glioma, central nervous system lymphoma, and infiltrative metastatic disease with leptomeninge ...
Unilateral Retinitis Pigmentosa in One Eye and Tilted Hypoplastic
Unilateral Retinitis Pigmentosa in One Eye and Tilted Hypoplastic

... detachment may show profound retinal disturbances on settling. The fundus appearance and the patient's history, however, did not show any evidence in support of this possibility. A reasonably long follow up d id not reveal delayed bilateral involvement. Therefore we describe it unilateral retinitis ...
Histology Eye General Concepts The eyes are complex
Histology Eye General Concepts The eyes are complex

... 1. Disc-shaped structure that arises from the anterior margin of the ciliary body; separates anterior and posterior chambers and partially covers the lens. 2. Composed of loose connective tissue that is covered on its anterior surface by an incomplete layer of pigment cells and fibroblasts. Its post ...
Macular Degeneration
Macular Degeneration

... Abnormal cholesterol levels Deposits under the retina (drusen) ◦ Usually do not cause vision loss alone, but when there is a large number or size of them, there is more of a risk of age-related MD. ...
- SCHHS Emergency Department
- SCHHS Emergency Department

... … -keratitis HSV, V2V….corneal …. - …epithelium ...
here - OU Vision Research
here - OU Vision Research

... gp130, including ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) can prevent cell death of photoreceptor neurons, caused by genetic mutations and traumatic injury. In recent studies we have made the exciting discovery that activation of gp130 in development reduces the expre ...
Leukocoria and the red reflex test
Leukocoria and the red reflex test

... arises in the second year of life. The first mutation in the inherited form of the disease occurs in a germ cell; the mutate allele, thus, is present in all body cells, including retinal cells. Mutation of the second allele (second event) may take place in some of these retinal cells and give rise t ...
Ophthalmology - Aberdeen Emergency Medicine
Ophthalmology - Aberdeen Emergency Medicine

... • F - ield loss ...
Vision. Measurement of visual acuity. Color vision []
Vision. Measurement of visual acuity. Color vision []

... - connects the ciliary body with the crystalline lens of the eye • lens - flexible - changes the focal distance of eye - thus the eye can focus on objects at various distances (accommodation) ...
ARVO 2016 Annual Meeting Abstracts 366 Optical imaging
ARVO 2016 Annual Meeting Abstracts 366 Optical imaging

... was also equipped with a stimulus generator based on a pair of microprojectors to perform visual testing through the modified optics. Each image was independently projected over its corresponding eye simultaneously, creating retinal disparity. Stereoscopic acuity was measured using a three-needle te ...
Morphogenetic Model for Radial Streaking in the Fundus of the
Morphogenetic Model for Radial Streaking in the Fundus of the

... pole and the characteristic alternating hyperpigmented and hypopigmented peripheral streaks at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium. B, Late-phase fluorescein angiogram of the same eye showing normal retinal vasculature, blocking in hyperpigmented areas, and window defects in hypopigmented ar ...
Chapter 2 - Visual Problems - American Academy of Neurology
Chapter 2 - Visual Problems - American Academy of Neurology

... homonymous visual field consists of the temporal field in one eye and the nasal field in the opposite eye. Each pretectal nucleus then innervates both Edinger-Westphal nuclei. The result of this arrangement is that unequal light input arising from lesions of the optic nerve or tract does not result ...
Internal Osmotic Pressure as a Mechanism of Retinal Attachment in
Internal Osmotic Pressure as a Mechanism of Retinal Attachment in

... made of collagen fibrils with varying cross-sectional diameters and a haphazard arrangement [3]. This results in a lack of transparency for this tough outer coat of the eye. In young children, the vitreous, which is secreted by hyalocytes, is firm and helps to maintain the retina and keep it pressed ...
11 Ocular Manifestations Of Systemic Dieases
11 Ocular Manifestations Of Systemic Dieases

... face (A). Despite its proximity to her eye, she had no ocular involvement and no blurring of vision.This was the rash of herpes zoster. The patient’s herpes virus titer was elevated; she responded well to acyclovir . Also of interest in this case are the 3 lesions on this patient’s forehead (B). The ...
Ophthalmologic Examination
Ophthalmologic Examination

... The green ( red free filter ) assists in the examination of the retinal vasculature and the subtle striation of the nerve fiber layer as they course toward the disc . ...
Insightinto - Ross Eye Institute
Insightinto - Ross Eye Institute

... We choose to highlight our research efforts by focusing in on the achievements of our Vice Chairman and Director or Research, Dr. Steven Fliesler. As you can readily see, Dr. Fliesler is a rare talent and a dramatically productive researcher. He is at the pinnacle of his amazing career. Clinically, ...
What You Can See In the Eye of a Minipig
What You Can See In the Eye of a Minipig

... surrounding retina. The minipig possesses a holangiotic retina with direct blood supply to the inner neurosensory retina. Up to 10 arterioles branch dichotomously from the optic disc into the periphery, of which three to four are more prominent. Characteristic for the minipig is the commonly observ ...
Editorial: The schematic eye
Editorial: The schematic eye

... The author of a schematic eye has to commence with some data. In the igth century, anatomical and optical measurement began to have some accuracy. The schools of Helmholtz, Listing, Donders, Gullstrand, and Tschering, by the end of the century, had refined the earlier instruments and accumulated a l ...
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Retina



The retina (/ˈrɛtɪnə/ RET-i-nə, pl. retinae, /ˈrɛtiniː/; from Latin rēte, meaning ""net"") is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue. The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina (through the cornea and lens), which serves much the same function as the film in a camera. Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses. These are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve.In vertebrate embryonic development, the retina and the optic nerve originate as outgrowths of the developing brain, so the retina is considered part of the central nervous system (CNS) and is actually brain tissue. It is the only part of the CNS that can be visualized non-invasively.The retina is a layered structure with several layers of neurons interconnected by synapses. The only neurons that are directly sensitive to light are the photoreceptor cells. These are mainly of two types: the rods and cones. Rods function mainly in dim light and provide black-and-white vision, while cones support daytime vision and the perception of colour. A third, much rarer type of photoreceptor, the intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cell, is important for reflexive responses to bright daylight.Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons of the retina. The output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve. Several important features of visual perception can be traced to the retinal encoding and processing of light.
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