![Ultraviolet Radiation as a Risk Factor for Cataract and Macular](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016443390_1-a64af44a8f789b5e7542041109e76c88-300x300.png)
Ultraviolet Radiation as a Risk Factor for Cataract and Macular
... The lens is a transparent organ21 located behind the cornea and the iris. The outer edge of the eye consists of a single layer of epithelial cells and a membrane that covers the entire organ.22 Lens epithelial cells do not divide except when undergoing repair. Some epithelial cells lose their nuclei ...
... The lens is a transparent organ21 located behind the cornea and the iris. The outer edge of the eye consists of a single layer of epithelial cells and a membrane that covers the entire organ.22 Lens epithelial cells do not divide except when undergoing repair. Some epithelial cells lose their nuclei ...
Evaluation and Management of Ocular Trauma
... to days. Orbital pain with eye movement, acquired loss of color vision, reduced perception of light • Signs: Relative afferent pupillary defect, decreased color, central, visual field defects, swollen or normal optic disc • Tx: Ophthalmologic referral – will require MRI and possibly IV steroids • Ca ...
... to days. Orbital pain with eye movement, acquired loss of color vision, reduced perception of light • Signs: Relative afferent pupillary defect, decreased color, central, visual field defects, swollen or normal optic disc • Tx: Ophthalmologic referral – will require MRI and possibly IV steroids • Ca ...
Physics in Medicine
... So far in our discussion of image formation we have used geometric optics, which neglects the diffraction of light. Geometric optics assumes that light from a point source is focused into a point image. This is not the case. When light passes through an aperture such as the iris, diffraction occurs, ...
... So far in our discussion of image formation we have used geometric optics, which neglects the diffraction of light. Geometric optics assumes that light from a point source is focused into a point image. This is not the case. When light passes through an aperture such as the iris, diffraction occurs, ...
Diapositiva 1 - Dott. Paolo Tortorella Oculista
... The prevalence of AS is generally considered to be low in the general population, especially among young people. Association between AS and optic disc drusen is rare too. As for as we know this is a rare case of association of optic disc drusen and early AS involving macula in young patient with ...
... The prevalence of AS is generally considered to be low in the general population, especially among young people. Association between AS and optic disc drusen is rare too. As for as we know this is a rare case of association of optic disc drusen and early AS involving macula in young patient with ...
American Academy of Optometry: Case Report 1
... A low amount of macular pigment will allow more blue light damage to the eye and increase the risk of AMD. One study found that AMD patients had lower levels of macular pigments than patients without AMD3. Macular pigment density (MPD) can be increased by consuming foods and supplements that are hig ...
... A low amount of macular pigment will allow more blue light damage to the eye and increase the risk of AMD. One study found that AMD patients had lower levels of macular pigments than patients without AMD3. Macular pigment density (MPD) can be increased by consuming foods and supplements that are hig ...
12 th - Cambodian Ophthalmological Society
... NI-CRVO, the prognosis is reasonably good with return of vision to normal or near normal in about 50%. The main cause for poor vision is chronic macular oedema, which may lead to secondary RPE changes. ...
... NI-CRVO, the prognosis is reasonably good with return of vision to normal or near normal in about 50%. The main cause for poor vision is chronic macular oedema, which may lead to secondary RPE changes. ...
F In the Treatment of Glaucoma
... B) Besides the increase in the (IOP) other factors • Contribute to the Retinal Nerves damage and loss of vision: (1) Deficiency of Ocular Blood flow to the Retinal • Nerves. May be due to pressure of blood clots or decreases in release of prostacyclin and [NO], the major vasodilators. The resulting ...
... B) Besides the increase in the (IOP) other factors • Contribute to the Retinal Nerves damage and loss of vision: (1) Deficiency of Ocular Blood flow to the Retinal • Nerves. May be due to pressure of blood clots or decreases in release of prostacyclin and [NO], the major vasodilators. The resulting ...
Structures of the Eye
... • Retina • Sensitive nerve cell layer • Changes the energy of the light rays into nerve impulses • Transmits nerve impulses via optic nerve to brain for interpretation of the image seen by the eye ...
... • Retina • Sensitive nerve cell layer • Changes the energy of the light rays into nerve impulses • Transmits nerve impulses via optic nerve to brain for interpretation of the image seen by the eye ...
Widefield Enface OCT - Haag
... Combined RNFL / GCC Change Report + TREND The nerve fiber change summary report with the new TREND analysis provides the most comprehensive presentation of data to simplify your evaluation process. Proprietary algorithms determine the optic disc margin and vessel patterns to ensure reliable RNFL and ...
... Combined RNFL / GCC Change Report + TREND The nerve fiber change summary report with the new TREND analysis provides the most comprehensive presentation of data to simplify your evaluation process. Proprietary algorithms determine the optic disc margin and vessel patterns to ensure reliable RNFL and ...
Spectacle prescriptions and determining type of refractive error Note
... Principal meridians for their original prescription (+)1.00– 2.00x 180 o Principal meridian 1: (+)1.00 o Principal meridian 2: (+)1.00-2.00= (-)1.00D Principal meridians for their ADD prescription (+)3.00 2.00x180. o Principal meridian 1: (+)3.00D o Principal meridian 2: (+)3.00-2.00= (+)1.00D ...
... Principal meridians for their original prescription (+)1.00– 2.00x 180 o Principal meridian 1: (+)1.00 o Principal meridian 2: (+)1.00-2.00= (-)1.00D Principal meridians for their ADD prescription (+)3.00 2.00x180. o Principal meridian 1: (+)3.00D o Principal meridian 2: (+)3.00-2.00= (+)1.00D ...
document
... Have patient sit upright or bedrest with HOB 30° Patch or shield both eyes Diuretics to decrease ...
... Have patient sit upright or bedrest with HOB 30° Patch or shield both eyes Diuretics to decrease ...
Antaomy of the eye - IHMC Public Cmaps (3)
... The cornea and sclera make up the fibrous tunic of the eye, determining its shape and protecting the delicate intraocular structures. The transparent portion, the cornea, allows light to enter the eye and in animals is the globe=s major refracting structure. The sclera is made up of dense connective ...
... The cornea and sclera make up the fibrous tunic of the eye, determining its shape and protecting the delicate intraocular structures. The transparent portion, the cornea, allows light to enter the eye and in animals is the globe=s major refracting structure. The sclera is made up of dense connective ...
Unusual retinal vessels and vessel formations
... that macular cysts are more common in these patients. This patient in Figure 9 presented for a routine eye examination. The macrovessel, a branch of the inferio-temporal vein, crosses the macular area. Vision was 6/5 in each eye. PRE-PAPILLARY LOOPS Ninety-five percent of these vessels are arteriole ...
... that macular cysts are more common in these patients. This patient in Figure 9 presented for a routine eye examination. The macrovessel, a branch of the inferio-temporal vein, crosses the macular area. Vision was 6/5 in each eye. PRE-PAPILLARY LOOPS Ninety-five percent of these vessels are arteriole ...
The Sensory Organs
... Rod cells 视杆细胞are dark-light receptors that function best at night and in dim light The third layer consists of bipolar neurons 双极细胞 The second layer is formed ganglion cells 节细胞, whose axons form ...
... Rod cells 视杆细胞are dark-light receptors that function best at night and in dim light The third layer consists of bipolar neurons 双极细胞 The second layer is formed ganglion cells 节细胞, whose axons form ...
Retinal Light Damage Through Prolonged Visible Light
... which is emitted by LED displays, increases too. By its action, light is well-known to enact damage on the neurosensory retina, especially on the underlying structures. In particular, this happens through photothermal, photomechanical, and photochemical mechanisms. This paper will point out what kin ...
... which is emitted by LED displays, increases too. By its action, light is well-known to enact damage on the neurosensory retina, especially on the underlying structures. In particular, this happens through photothermal, photomechanical, and photochemical mechanisms. This paper will point out what kin ...
Purtscher`s Retinopathy - Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
... emboli travelling to the right carotid artery because of its anatomical difference from left common carotid artery.10 The characteristic findings in the fundus are Purtscher flecken, which are multiple cotton wool spots of varying sizes. The retinal whitening and hemorrhages resolve over several mon ...
... emboli travelling to the right carotid artery because of its anatomical difference from left common carotid artery.10 The characteristic findings in the fundus are Purtscher flecken, which are multiple cotton wool spots of varying sizes. The retinal whitening and hemorrhages resolve over several mon ...
Eye and Vision File
... A common cause of blindness is a loss of transparency of the lens known as a cataract (CAT-arakt waterfall). The lens becomes cloudy (less transparent) due to changes in the structure of the lens proteins. Cataracts often occur with aging but may also be caused by injury, excessive exposure to ultra ...
... A common cause of blindness is a loss of transparency of the lens known as a cataract (CAT-arakt waterfall). The lens becomes cloudy (less transparent) due to changes in the structure of the lens proteins. Cataracts often occur with aging but may also be caused by injury, excessive exposure to ultra ...
SHORT COMMUNICATION Interocular temporal delay
... sensitive to temporal disparities. It was shown that a target is perceived beyond the ®xation point when it is ¯ashed ®rst to one eye and then to the other with a temporal offset, and that the distance increases with increasing temporal offset (Wist, 1968). Moreover, interocular delay elicited by st ...
... sensitive to temporal disparities. It was shown that a target is perceived beyond the ®xation point when it is ¯ashed ®rst to one eye and then to the other with a temporal offset, and that the distance increases with increasing temporal offset (Wist, 1968). Moreover, interocular delay elicited by st ...
inherited retinal detachment - British Journal of Ophthalmology
... In the left eye the visual acuity is c. +4.0 D.S. +0.5 D.C. axis 105° = 6/5 part. There are pigmentary changes at the macula and in the periphery below. The visual field is full. The patient reads the Ishihara plates normally. Case 2 (H, 5), Francis He., aged 39, propositus, had poor vision in the l ...
... In the left eye the visual acuity is c. +4.0 D.S. +0.5 D.C. axis 105° = 6/5 part. There are pigmentary changes at the macula and in the periphery below. The visual field is full. The patient reads the Ishihara plates normally. Case 2 (H, 5), Francis He., aged 39, propositus, had poor vision in the l ...
2.1Mb - Community Eye Health Journal
... and hard exudates as well. These are much easier to detect using a biomicroscopic lens, such as a 78 or 66 dioptre lens. This gives a stereoscopic view of the macula, which is not possible with a direct ophthalmoscope. The definitive investigation is fluorescein angiography. Fluorescein dye is injec ...
... and hard exudates as well. These are much easier to detect using a biomicroscopic lens, such as a 78 or 66 dioptre lens. This gives a stereoscopic view of the macula, which is not possible with a direct ophthalmoscope. The definitive investigation is fluorescein angiography. Fluorescein dye is injec ...
Ocular Emergencies
... needle, eye spud if irrigation • Patch both eyes to reduce unsuccessful consensual movement • Possible admission ...
... needle, eye spud if irrigation • Patch both eyes to reduce unsuccessful consensual movement • Possible admission ...
Disorders of Vision, Ocular Movement and
... focal point in front of the retina – Hyperopia - the globe is too short, and hence a converging lens is used to supplement the refractive power of the eye – Astigmatism - corneal surface is not perfectly spherical, necessitating a cylindrical corrective lens – LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis)-al ...
... focal point in front of the retina – Hyperopia - the globe is too short, and hence a converging lens is used to supplement the refractive power of the eye – Astigmatism - corneal surface is not perfectly spherical, necessitating a cylindrical corrective lens – LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis)-al ...
LOW VISION
... – Best corrected distance visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in better eye – Horizontal visual field of 20 degrees or less at widest point in the better eye ...
... – Best corrected distance visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in better eye – Horizontal visual field of 20 degrees or less at widest point in the better eye ...
Lee, J - American Academy of Optometry
... Especially after ischemic retinal whitening can no longer be seen on fundus exam, OCT can be useful in the diagnosis of BRAO as well as CRAO. BRAO’s can resolve with possible residual disc pallor, vessel attenuation, arteriolar sheathing, cherry red spots (rarely), or a normal retinal appearance ...
... Especially after ischemic retinal whitening can no longer be seen on fundus exam, OCT can be useful in the diagnosis of BRAO as well as CRAO. BRAO’s can resolve with possible residual disc pallor, vessel attenuation, arteriolar sheathing, cherry red spots (rarely), or a normal retinal appearance ...
Retina
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png?width=300)
The retina (/ˈrɛtɪnə/ RET-i-nə, pl. retinae, /ˈrɛtiniː/; from Latin rēte, meaning ""net"") is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue. The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina (through the cornea and lens), which serves much the same function as the film in a camera. Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses. These are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve.In vertebrate embryonic development, the retina and the optic nerve originate as outgrowths of the developing brain, so the retina is considered part of the central nervous system (CNS) and is actually brain tissue. It is the only part of the CNS that can be visualized non-invasively.The retina is a layered structure with several layers of neurons interconnected by synapses. The only neurons that are directly sensitive to light are the photoreceptor cells. These are mainly of two types: the rods and cones. Rods function mainly in dim light and provide black-and-white vision, while cones support daytime vision and the perception of colour. A third, much rarer type of photoreceptor, the intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cell, is important for reflexive responses to bright daylight.Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons of the retina. The output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve. Several important features of visual perception can be traced to the retinal encoding and processing of light.