Human-Induced Trophic Cascades along the Fecal Detritus Pathway
... detritivores (including Scarabaeine dung beetles), with subsequent indirect impacts on detrivore-mediated and plantfacilitating detrital processes. Across a 380-km gradient of human influence in the western Brazilian Amazon, we conducted the first landscape-level assessment of human-induced cascade ...
... detritivores (including Scarabaeine dung beetles), with subsequent indirect impacts on detrivore-mediated and plantfacilitating detrital processes. Across a 380-km gradient of human influence in the western Brazilian Amazon, we conducted the first landscape-level assessment of human-induced cascade ...
Advances in Environmental Biology
... Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(21) October 2014, Pages: 403-410 ...
... Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(21) October 2014, Pages: 403-410 ...
Ch_15_Reforestation_MASTER
... Existing and potential vegetation will compete with young seedlings for moisture, nutrients and light. Not all vegetation is alike in its ability to compete with young trees, and must be evaluated in order to determine the timing and extent of appropriate control measures. Vegetation existing on the ...
... Existing and potential vegetation will compete with young seedlings for moisture, nutrients and light. Not all vegetation is alike in its ability to compete with young trees, and must be evaluated in order to determine the timing and extent of appropriate control measures. Vegetation existing on the ...
Why Do the Boreal Forest Ecosystems of Northwestern Europe Differ
... are four pronounced differences between the western North America and northwestern European predator communities. First, the two large predators that are common and trophically important (figures 3 and 4) in western North America are altogether missing in northwestern Europe: the Canada lynx (Lynx c ...
... are four pronounced differences between the western North America and northwestern European predator communities. First, the two large predators that are common and trophically important (figures 3 and 4) in western North America are altogether missing in northwestern Europe: the Canada lynx (Lynx c ...
Rationale for the increased use of conifers as functional green
... during this leaf-off season, the additional canopy cover afforded by evergreen tree species, in concert with the canopy architecture and density of evergreen conifers specifically, helps maintain the canopy-dependent benefits that a city depends on. This paper investigates the role that conifers pla ...
... during this leaf-off season, the additional canopy cover afforded by evergreen tree species, in concert with the canopy architecture and density of evergreen conifers specifically, helps maintain the canopy-dependent benefits that a city depends on. This paper investigates the role that conifers pla ...
Nitrogen and phosphorus resorption in a neotropical rain forest of a
... been observed to be low. Perhaps this lack of consistence is partly owing to the nutrient resorption methods used. The aim of the study was to analyse N and P resorption proficiency from tropical rain forest trees in a nutrientrich soil. It was hypothesised that trees would exhibit low nutrient reso ...
... been observed to be low. Perhaps this lack of consistence is partly owing to the nutrient resorption methods used. The aim of the study was to analyse N and P resorption proficiency from tropical rain forest trees in a nutrientrich soil. It was hypothesised that trees would exhibit low nutrient reso ...
Secondary Succession
... rock, sand, or lava or any area that has not been occupied previously by a living (biotic) community Glaciers scrape the Earth as it moves. Some land may have been buried under ice for thousands of years. Rocks are carried along by the ice. ...
... rock, sand, or lava or any area that has not been occupied previously by a living (biotic) community Glaciers scrape the Earth as it moves. Some land may have been buried under ice for thousands of years. Rocks are carried along by the ice. ...
Critically Endangered Fijian Crested Iguana (Brachylophus vitiensis
... (d) estimate iguana abundance and density in the different forest types and identify their preferred habitat(s). The results of this research will be used to provide a baseline to monitor future tropical dry forest reforestation or regeneration on Yadua Taba as well as provide essential ecological d ...
... (d) estimate iguana abundance and density in the different forest types and identify their preferred habitat(s). The results of this research will be used to provide a baseline to monitor future tropical dry forest reforestation or regeneration on Yadua Taba as well as provide essential ecological d ...
Rehabilitation and Restoration of Degraded Forests
... WWF’s vision for the forests of the world, shared with its long-standing partner, IUCN, is that: “the world will have more extensive, more diverse and higher-quality forest landscapes which will meet human needs and aspirations fairly, while conserving biological diversity and fulfilling the ecosyst ...
... WWF’s vision for the forests of the world, shared with its long-standing partner, IUCN, is that: “the world will have more extensive, more diverse and higher-quality forest landscapes which will meet human needs and aspirations fairly, while conserving biological diversity and fulfilling the ecosyst ...
Critically Endangered Fijian Crested Iguana (Brachylophus
... (d) estimate iguana abundance and density in the different forest types and identify their preferred habitat(s). The results of this research will be used to provide a baseline to monitor future tropical dry forest reforestation or regeneration on Yadua Taba as well as provide essential ecological d ...
... (d) estimate iguana abundance and density in the different forest types and identify their preferred habitat(s). The results of this research will be used to provide a baseline to monitor future tropical dry forest reforestation or regeneration on Yadua Taba as well as provide essential ecological d ...
Common Name (Scientific name)
... Northern spotted owls select old forests for foraging in greater proportion than its availability at the landscape scale (Carey et al. 1992, pp. 236 to 237; Carey and Peeler 1995, p 235; Forsman et al. 2005, pp. 372 to 373), but will forage in younger stands with high prey densities and access to pr ...
... Northern spotted owls select old forests for foraging in greater proportion than its availability at the landscape scale (Carey et al. 1992, pp. 236 to 237; Carey and Peeler 1995, p 235; Forsman et al. 2005, pp. 372 to 373), but will forage in younger stands with high prey densities and access to pr ...
Effects of tree control method, seed addition, and introduced
... Conifers, and particularly pines (species in the genus Pinus), are invasive in many southern hemisphere countries, having spread widely from planted populations (Richardson et al. 1994). Pinus contorta is one of the worst; it readily invades unforested areas and causes significant problems in many c ...
... Conifers, and particularly pines (species in the genus Pinus), are invasive in many southern hemisphere countries, having spread widely from planted populations (Richardson et al. 1994). Pinus contorta is one of the worst; it readily invades unforested areas and causes significant problems in many c ...
1 - Black Rock Forest Consortium
... which functional groups of macroinvertebrates affect biogeochemical processes such as decomposition. For instance, a rough division of leaf litter invertebrates and their functional groups could be based on trophic guild and consist of microbivores (i.e. mites and collembolans that graze on bacteria ...
... which functional groups of macroinvertebrates affect biogeochemical processes such as decomposition. For instance, a rough division of leaf litter invertebrates and their functional groups could be based on trophic guild and consist of microbivores (i.e. mites and collembolans that graze on bacteria ...
Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN 0034
... out that there was insufficient evidence to support any particular relationship between nutrient resorption and soil fertility. There are studies that demonstrate that nutrient resorption efficiency is higher on infertile soils (Boerner 1984, Scott et al. 1992), on fertile soils, and on intermediate ...
... out that there was insufficient evidence to support any particular relationship between nutrient resorption and soil fertility. There are studies that demonstrate that nutrient resorption efficiency is higher on infertile soils (Boerner 1984, Scott et al. 1992), on fertile soils, and on intermediate ...
Elephants versus butterflies: the ecological role of large herbivores
... resulted in functionally different rain forest ecosystems. Our primary focus is on lowland tropical rain forest; for our purposes, the maps in Whitmore (1998) depict the areas where these occur. Rain forest landscapes include a variety of vegetation formations of smaller extent, including heath fore ...
... resulted in functionally different rain forest ecosystems. Our primary focus is on lowland tropical rain forest; for our purposes, the maps in Whitmore (1998) depict the areas where these occur. Rain forest landscapes include a variety of vegetation formations of smaller extent, including heath fore ...
The state forest satisfies many uses for the people of... 3 - CURRENT FOREST CONDITIONS AND TRENDS 3.1 Introduction
... This section describes the current conditions and trends for the eastern Upper Peninsula from the perspective of the state forest resources, forest health concerns, wildlife habitat, fisheries and aquatic communities and socio-economic conditions within the region. 3.2 Climate Change Impacts Climate ...
... This section describes the current conditions and trends for the eastern Upper Peninsula from the perspective of the state forest resources, forest health concerns, wildlife habitat, fisheries and aquatic communities and socio-economic conditions within the region. 3.2 Climate Change Impacts Climate ...
Mohua / yellowhead - Department of Conservation
... The previously strong mohua population in the Eglinton Valley (Fiordland) suffered a major collapse in 1999–2001, nearly to the point of local extinction. This was mostly due to unusually high numbers of ship rats, which preyed upon adults and chicks. Ship rats are excellent climbers, taking not jus ...
... The previously strong mohua population in the Eglinton Valley (Fiordland) suffered a major collapse in 1999–2001, nearly to the point of local extinction. This was mostly due to unusually high numbers of ship rats, which preyed upon adults and chicks. Ship rats are excellent climbers, taking not jus ...
Mycorrhizal networks mediate overstorey
... From such studies has emerged the hypothesis that CMNs redistribute resources in plant communities and offset interspecific competition by allowing C and nutrients to flow along source-sink gradients, from resource rich plants to resource poor ones (Perry 1998; Wilkinson 1998, but see Fitter et al. ...
... From such studies has emerged the hypothesis that CMNs redistribute resources in plant communities and offset interspecific competition by allowing C and nutrients to flow along source-sink gradients, from resource rich plants to resource poor ones (Perry 1998; Wilkinson 1998, but see Fitter et al. ...
Species resistance and community response to wind disturbance
... create simulated long-term ‘experiments’ designed to explore the sensitivity of forest composition and structure to species-specific resistance to and recovery from disturbance. 3 We found that species-specific variation in resistance to wind mortality interacted strongly with: (i) shade tolerance c ...
... create simulated long-term ‘experiments’ designed to explore the sensitivity of forest composition and structure to species-specific resistance to and recovery from disturbance. 3 We found that species-specific variation in resistance to wind mortality interacted strongly with: (i) shade tolerance c ...
Title Regeneration Processes and Coexistence Mechanisms of Two
... to elucidate. For the richness of tree species alone, various theoretical hypotheses have been proposed. In general, these hypotheses can be divided into two groups, i.e. equillibirium and non-equilibrium hypotheses. The former predicts that floristic composition is stabilized by intrinsic biotic in ...
... to elucidate. For the richness of tree species alone, various theoretical hypotheses have been proposed. In general, these hypotheses can be divided into two groups, i.e. equillibirium and non-equilibrium hypotheses. The former predicts that floristic composition is stabilized by intrinsic biotic in ...
A guide to the Matemateaonga Ecological District
... seedlings such as those that have established along roadsides. Always ask the permission of the landowner, and do not take from reserves or public conservation land. ...
... seedlings such as those that have established along roadsides. Always ask the permission of the landowner, and do not take from reserves or public conservation land. ...
Legacy of top-down herbivore pressure ricochets back up multiple
... productivity. But it remains untested whether top-down perturbation causes long term changes in plants that ricochet back up the new food chain that depends on them. In a large-scale, 30-yr controlled field experiment, we show that 10 yr of top-down control of an ungulate herbivore (white-tailed dee ...
... productivity. But it remains untested whether top-down perturbation causes long term changes in plants that ricochet back up the new food chain that depends on them. In a large-scale, 30-yr controlled field experiment, we show that 10 yr of top-down control of an ungulate herbivore (white-tailed dee ...
Sciuridae density and impacts of forest disturbance in the Sabangau
... orang-utan and the Bornean Gibbon, are endemic to the island and are both listed as ‘endangered’ on the IUCN red list (IUCN, 2014). ...
... orang-utan and the Bornean Gibbon, are endemic to the island and are both listed as ‘endangered’ on the IUCN red list (IUCN, 2014). ...
Door County Comprehensive Forest Plan
... Passionate arguments for both forest management and forest preservation have been made for ages, are ongoing today, and will likely continue into the future. What is important to recognize is regardless of degree of management activity, forests are dynamic communities that are continuously changing ...
... Passionate arguments for both forest management and forest preservation have been made for ages, are ongoing today, and will likely continue into the future. What is important to recognize is regardless of degree of management activity, forests are dynamic communities that are continuously changing ...
Non-Native Invasive Earthworms as Agents of Change in Northern
... litter into the soil and bring mineral soil from different depths to the surface, resulting in soil mixing that is very different from the mixing caused by epigeic or endogeic species (Figures 1 and 2). Not all species fall neatly into these standard categories, but classification is useful for diff ...
... litter into the soil and bring mineral soil from different depths to the surface, resulting in soil mixing that is very different from the mixing caused by epigeic or endogeic species (Figures 1 and 2). Not all species fall neatly into these standard categories, but classification is useful for diff ...
Old-growth forest
An old-growth forest (also termed primary forest, virgin forest, primeval forest, late seral forest, or in Britain, ancient woodland) is a forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance and thereby exhibits unique ecological features and might be classified as a climax community. Old-growth features include diverse tree-related structures that provide diverse wildlife habitat that increases the bio-diversity of the forested ecosystem. The concept of diverse tree structure includes multi-layered canopies and canopy gaps, greatly varying tree heights and diameters, and diverse tree species and classes and sizes of woody debris.Old-growth forests are economically valuable, and logging of these forests has been a point of contention between the logging industry and environmentalists.