Can forest fragmentation disrupt a conditional mutualism? A case
... burial by rodents presents better physical conditions for germination (e.g., higher humidity, more stable microclimate) than exposure on the forest floor (Vander Wall 1990). However, scatter-hoarding is a conditional mutualism (Bronstein 1994). The potential food of the animal is the seed itself, no ...
... burial by rodents presents better physical conditions for germination (e.g., higher humidity, more stable microclimate) than exposure on the forest floor (Vander Wall 1990). However, scatter-hoarding is a conditional mutualism (Bronstein 1994). The potential food of the animal is the seed itself, no ...
Effects on Plant and Animal Communities
... vegetation growing in the buffer affects its usefulness to wildlife through the availability of food, foraging and nesting sites, and other habitat needs (Johnson and Beck 1988). The more diverse the habitat, the greater its utility to many species of animals. For example, in Iowa, biologists found ...
... vegetation growing in the buffer affects its usefulness to wildlife through the availability of food, foraging and nesting sites, and other habitat needs (Johnson and Beck 1988). The more diverse the habitat, the greater its utility to many species of animals. For example, in Iowa, biologists found ...
Biodiversity in the Cacao Agroecosystem
... However, the continued cultivation of cacao in a relatively biodiversity-friendly manner is by no means assured. In many areas, large tracts of cacao have been converted to low diversity shade or even full sun systems. Meanwhile, small-scale farmers employing the most traditional technologies are st ...
... However, the continued cultivation of cacao in a relatively biodiversity-friendly manner is by no means assured. In many areas, large tracts of cacao have been converted to low diversity shade or even full sun systems. Meanwhile, small-scale farmers employing the most traditional technologies are st ...
Biome Notes File - Northwest ISD Moodle
... Nutrients in Tropical Rain Forests • Nutrients from dead organic matter are removed so efficiently that runoff from rain forests is often as pure as distilled water. • Most tropical soils that are cleared of plants for agriculture lack nutrients and cannot support crops for more than a few years. • ...
... Nutrients in Tropical Rain Forests • Nutrients from dead organic matter are removed so efficiently that runoff from rain forests is often as pure as distilled water. • Most tropical soils that are cleared of plants for agriculture lack nutrients and cannot support crops for more than a few years. • ...
Non-native invasive earthworms as agents of change in northern temperate forests REVIEWS
... 28% of total surface soil C for sugar maple (Acer saccharum) forests in the northeastern US (Bohlen et al. 2004b). Such losses occur because recalcitrant C pools that accumulate at the soil surface in the absence of earthworms are exposed to greater mineralization rates after earthworms invade. The ...
... 28% of total surface soil C for sugar maple (Acer saccharum) forests in the northeastern US (Bohlen et al. 2004b). Such losses occur because recalcitrant C pools that accumulate at the soil surface in the absence of earthworms are exposed to greater mineralization rates after earthworms invade. The ...
Key Native Ecosystem Plan for Te Horo Forest Remnants
... The levels of natural ecosystem diversity present ie, two or more original ecosystem types present ...
... The levels of natural ecosystem diversity present ie, two or more original ecosystem types present ...
The Southern Blue Ridge
... regeneration (SAMAB 1996). Many of these stands have formed closed canopies which inhibits the development of structurally complex understory and subcanopy layers. This lack in vertical structure reduces habitat quality for many understory species and has been identified as one of the main contribut ...
... regeneration (SAMAB 1996). Many of these stands have formed closed canopies which inhibits the development of structurally complex understory and subcanopy layers. This lack in vertical structure reduces habitat quality for many understory species and has been identified as one of the main contribut ...
to See an Example of A Best Management Plan for the Tree Octopus
... octopi are typically mottled brown in color and blend in well with their surroundings (see photo on the right). However, they can change color when frightened (white) or during aggressive encounters (red). The Pacific Northwest Tree Octopus spends most the year in moist rainforests and are o ...
... octopi are typically mottled brown in color and blend in well with their surroundings (see photo on the right). However, they can change color when frightened (white) or during aggressive encounters (red). The Pacific Northwest Tree Octopus spends most the year in moist rainforests and are o ...
Speciesspecific responses of foliar nutrients to longterm nitrogen
... in leaf cytoplasm and vacuoles (Bieleski 1973). It is believed that N storage increases the risk of herbivory (Fine, Mesones & Coley 2004), although P and potassium (K) addition, but not N, increased leaf herbivory in the Gigante Fertilization Experiment (Santiago et al. 2012). In addition, a foliar ...
... in leaf cytoplasm and vacuoles (Bieleski 1973). It is believed that N storage increases the risk of herbivory (Fine, Mesones & Coley 2004), although P and potassium (K) addition, but not N, increased leaf herbivory in the Gigante Fertilization Experiment (Santiago et al. 2012). In addition, a foliar ...
YCSEE-RESEARCH-POSTER
... to keep to reach this goal (indicated by orange in picture). Trees can be cut using mechanical and/or hand methods. Cut trees can then be used for consumer products. Smaller woody debris will be removed or burned on site. ...
... to keep to reach this goal (indicated by orange in picture). Trees can be cut using mechanical and/or hand methods. Cut trees can then be used for consumer products. Smaller woody debris will be removed or burned on site. ...
Planning for Connectivity
... Forest plans guide subsequent project and activity decisions, which must be consistent with the forest plan. Forest plans do this through the use of plan components, the basic building blocks of forest plans. Plan components (Table 1) shape implementation of the forest plan and are the means of meet ...
... Forest plans guide subsequent project and activity decisions, which must be consistent with the forest plan. Forest plans do this through the use of plan components, the basic building blocks of forest plans. Plan components (Table 1) shape implementation of the forest plan and are the means of meet ...
Proceedings of THE CEDAR SYMPOSIUM
... Figure 1 summarizes the apparent impact of browsing on Haida Gwaii on so-called “climatic climax” or average old-growth forests. The height of the bar indicates the relative abundance of these species. By comparison, the other values shown are for the coastal mainland. These are just some mean value ...
... Figure 1 summarizes the apparent impact of browsing on Haida Gwaii on so-called “climatic climax” or average old-growth forests. The height of the bar indicates the relative abundance of these species. By comparison, the other values shown are for the coastal mainland. These are just some mean value ...
Responses of Tropical Bats to Habitat Fragmentation, Logging, and
... Bats are valuable indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem health, and respond to a range of stressors related to environmental change (Jones et al. 2009). Alteration in land use is one of the principal aspects of global environmental change and a key driver of biodiversity loss in terrestrial ecosy ...
... Bats are valuable indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem health, and respond to a range of stressors related to environmental change (Jones et al. 2009). Alteration in land use is one of the principal aspects of global environmental change and a key driver of biodiversity loss in terrestrial ecosy ...
Conserving biodiversity in New Zealand`s lowland landscapes: does
... major threat (Sala et al. 2000; Foley et al. 2011). However, native species in lowland ecosystems are frequently exposed to additional threats, such as invasive species, pollution, overharvesting, and climate change (Sala et al. 2000; Novacek & Cleland 2001; Riley 2002; Wilson et al. 2007). These ad ...
... major threat (Sala et al. 2000; Foley et al. 2011). However, native species in lowland ecosystems are frequently exposed to additional threats, such as invasive species, pollution, overharvesting, and climate change (Sala et al. 2000; Novacek & Cleland 2001; Riley 2002; Wilson et al. 2007). These ad ...
Eucalypt open-forests Regrowth Benefits
... Eucalypts have long lifespans (100+ years), so a high rate of seedling recruitment (e.g. every 1-10 years) is not necessary to ensure the replacement of old trees when they die. And the relatively open structure of eucalypt open-forests usually results in the germination and establishment of suffici ...
... Eucalypts have long lifespans (100+ years), so a high rate of seedling recruitment (e.g. every 1-10 years) is not necessary to ensure the replacement of old trees when they die. And the relatively open structure of eucalypt open-forests usually results in the germination and establishment of suffici ...
A review on the ecology and silviculture of limes (Tilia
... growing on the border of natural range. This ability is a part of a life strategy that allows the ...
... growing on the border of natural range. This ability is a part of a life strategy that allows the ...
Density, distribution, and attributes of tree cavities in an
... most bird species (Calder & King 1974) and canopies shade and shelter most cavities from wind, cavities constructed for nesting would be expected to be oriented randomly in lowland tropical forests. To our knowledge, the only data on cavity abundance, distribution, and characteristics from tropical ...
... most bird species (Calder & King 1974) and canopies shade and shelter most cavities from wind, cavities constructed for nesting would be expected to be oriented randomly in lowland tropical forests. To our knowledge, the only data on cavity abundance, distribution, and characteristics from tropical ...
Landscape size affects the relative importance of habitat amount
... Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada KIS 5B6. C. M. Francis, Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Center, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, ON, Canada KIA 0H3. ...
... Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada KIS 5B6. C. M. Francis, Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Center, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, ON, Canada KIA 0H3. ...
Hoplodactylus aff. granulatus
... localities of Glenomaru, "Catlins", Catlins River, and Riverton. All specimens differ markedly in morphology from Westland forest geckos (TJ pers. obs.). Most information about Catlins/Southland forest geckos has come from the late Mrs P. Soderstrom of Progress Valley. She had a large collection of ...
... localities of Glenomaru, "Catlins", Catlins River, and Riverton. All specimens differ markedly in morphology from Westland forest geckos (TJ pers. obs.). Most information about Catlins/Southland forest geckos has come from the late Mrs P. Soderstrom of Progress Valley. She had a large collection of ...
Wildlife in Managed Forests: Spotted Owl
... old-growth stands that should soon serve as suitable habitat (Bigley and Franklin, 2004). At the time of listing, an assumption was made that there was very limited suitable habitat on non-federal lands. Since then, studies throughout the owl’s range have broadened scientists’ knowledge. In some cas ...
... old-growth stands that should soon serve as suitable habitat (Bigley and Franklin, 2004). At the time of listing, an assumption was made that there was very limited suitable habitat on non-federal lands. Since then, studies throughout the owl’s range have broadened scientists’ knowledge. In some cas ...
Disturbance - Paul Keddy
... herbaceous prairie vegetation. The boreal forests of northern latitudes are as fire-dependent as prairies, but a discussion of disturbance by fire in boreal forests will be deferred to Section 9.4.2. Even some kinds of wetlands do indeed burn during dry years. Sutter and Kral (1994) (Table 6.1) post ...
... herbaceous prairie vegetation. The boreal forests of northern latitudes are as fire-dependent as prairies, but a discussion of disturbance by fire in boreal forests will be deferred to Section 9.4.2. Even some kinds of wetlands do indeed burn during dry years. Sutter and Kral (1994) (Table 6.1) post ...
- New Zealand Ecological Society
... 2000; Pawson et al. 2008) and host-specific invertebrate herbivores (Brockerhoff et al. 2010). In the case of hostspecific herbivores, New Zealand’s endemic flora is frequently phylogenetically distant from their host plants, which limits their invasion (Brockenhoff et al. 2010). However, this me ...
... 2000; Pawson et al. 2008) and host-specific invertebrate herbivores (Brockerhoff et al. 2010). In the case of hostspecific herbivores, New Zealand’s endemic flora is frequently phylogenetically distant from their host plants, which limits their invasion (Brockenhoff et al. 2010). However, this me ...
The fate of Amazonian forest fragments: A 32-year
... We synthesize findings to date from the world’s largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation, located in central Amazonia. Over the past 32 years, Amazonian forest fragments ranging from 1 to 100 ha have experienced a wide array of ecological changes. Edge effects have been ...
... We synthesize findings to date from the world’s largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation, located in central Amazonia. Over the past 32 years, Amazonian forest fragments ranging from 1 to 100 ha have experienced a wide array of ecological changes. Edge effects have been ...
Using the focal species approach for conserving biodiversity in
... indicators because they have slower turnover and are more stable and their population changes are directly related to environmental change (as opposed to over and undershooting carrying capacity like some r-selected species). However, others (e.g., Caro & O’Doherty 1999) argue that indicators should ...
... indicators because they have slower turnover and are more stable and their population changes are directly related to environmental change (as opposed to over and undershooting carrying capacity like some r-selected species). However, others (e.g., Caro & O’Doherty 1999) argue that indicators should ...
Old-growth forest
An old-growth forest (also termed primary forest, virgin forest, primeval forest, late seral forest, or in Britain, ancient woodland) is a forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance and thereby exhibits unique ecological features and might be classified as a climax community. Old-growth features include diverse tree-related structures that provide diverse wildlife habitat that increases the bio-diversity of the forested ecosystem. The concept of diverse tree structure includes multi-layered canopies and canopy gaps, greatly varying tree heights and diameters, and diverse tree species and classes and sizes of woody debris.Old-growth forests are economically valuable, and logging of these forests has been a point of contention between the logging industry and environmentalists.