Supporting Information Legends to Fig. S1, Table S1 and
... measuring arm is attached to a benchmark rod and leveled; pins are lowered to the soil surface and the distance above the arm is recorded on each measurement date. (b) Close-up of pins resting on the soil surface. (c) A core showing accretion of sediment and organic material above a marker horizon o ...
... measuring arm is attached to a benchmark rod and leveled; pins are lowered to the soil surface and the distance above the arm is recorded on each measurement date. (b) Close-up of pins resting on the soil surface. (c) A core showing accretion of sediment and organic material above a marker horizon o ...
Tree species richness promotes productivity in temperate forests
... balance and a drought index. From stem diameter at breast height, the sizes of other tree compartments (e.g. foliage, roots) and total aboveground biomass are estimated using allometric equations, which partly respond to changing competition and thus to diversity changes (Bugmann 1994; Didion et al. ...
... balance and a drought index. From stem diameter at breast height, the sizes of other tree compartments (e.g. foliage, roots) and total aboveground biomass are estimated using allometric equations, which partly respond to changing competition and thus to diversity changes (Bugmann 1994; Didion et al. ...
3 - Current Forest Conditions and Trends 3.1 - Introduction
... camping and trail related activities (hiking, bicycles, off-road vehicles and horseback riding). Economic uses range from local community support through tourism and forest harvesting to oil and natural gas production and mining. 3.2 – Climate Change Impacts Climate is as fundamental to forest commu ...
... camping and trail related activities (hiking, bicycles, off-road vehicles and horseback riding). Economic uses range from local community support through tourism and forest harvesting to oil and natural gas production and mining. 3.2 – Climate Change Impacts Climate is as fundamental to forest commu ...
Prospects for biodiversity conservation in the Atlantic Forest
... ensuing patterns of species richness in any tropical forest region are also nonrandom, but it is usually the product of evolutionary processes, such as speciation, biotic interchange and local patterns of extinction, and environmental variables that still operate today, as rainfall, temperature and ...
... ensuing patterns of species richness in any tropical forest region are also nonrandom, but it is usually the product of evolutionary processes, such as speciation, biotic interchange and local patterns of extinction, and environmental variables that still operate today, as rainfall, temperature and ...
leaf functional traits vary with the adult height of plant species in
... interspecific patterns of leaf trait–height relationships in subtropical or temperate forests is limited. Moreover, whether or not differences exist between the patterns of evergreen and deciduous forests is also unclear. In this study, the leaf trait–height relationships within six natural forests ...
... interspecific patterns of leaf trait–height relationships in subtropical or temperate forests is limited. Moreover, whether or not differences exist between the patterns of evergreen and deciduous forests is also unclear. In this study, the leaf trait–height relationships within six natural forests ...
FORESTRY 215 - FOREST ECOLOGY SYLLABUS SPRING 2017
... 2) To explore ecological interactions between plant and animal species in forest ecosystems, and the response of these species to abiotic factors such as aspect, slope, temperature, wind, light, moisture, nutrients, and fire. 3) To explore forest properties and processes at the scales of communities ...
... 2) To explore ecological interactions between plant and animal species in forest ecosystems, and the response of these species to abiotic factors such as aspect, slope, temperature, wind, light, moisture, nutrients, and fire. 3) To explore forest properties and processes at the scales of communities ...
Composition and Distribution of Epiphytic Organic Matter in a
... documented in several locations by examining epiphytes on branches of different age/size classes. Generally, younger host trees and branches support different epiphyte associations than older substrates (Yeaton & Gladstone 1982, Catling et al. 1986, Catling & Lefkovitch 1989). Epiphytic angiosperms ...
... documented in several locations by examining epiphytes on branches of different age/size classes. Generally, younger host trees and branches support different epiphyte associations than older substrates (Yeaton & Gladstone 1982, Catling et al. 1986, Catling & Lefkovitch 1989). Epiphytic angiosperms ...
Edge effects and their influence on lemur density and distribution in
... and Eulemur rubriventer), one diurnal folivore (Hapalemur griseus griseus), and one diurnal folivore/frugivore (Propithecus diadema edwardsi). If edge effects negatively influence the distribution and density of lemur food trees, as was observed in other tropical forests (Laurance et al., 1997; Norco ...
... and Eulemur rubriventer), one diurnal folivore (Hapalemur griseus griseus), and one diurnal folivore/frugivore (Propithecus diadema edwardsi). If edge effects negatively influence the distribution and density of lemur food trees, as was observed in other tropical forests (Laurance et al., 1997; Norco ...
Management Principles and Strategies to Guide
... management including in private native forests. This report outlines a series of general management principles and a checklist of strategies for management of private native forests. The checklist is ordered hierarchically from large scale to individual tree based approaches for integrating biodiver ...
... management including in private native forests. This report outlines a series of general management principles and a checklist of strategies for management of private native forests. The checklist is ordered hierarchically from large scale to individual tree based approaches for integrating biodiver ...
Density-dependence in common tree species in a tropical dry forest
... in mixed-species communities, particularly in speciesrich communities such as tropical forests, where most tree species are infrequent or rare. Are such species also regulated by density-dependent effects? It has been argued further that plants, being rooted organisms, probably compete mainly with t ...
... in mixed-species communities, particularly in speciesrich communities such as tropical forests, where most tree species are infrequent or rare. Are such species also regulated by density-dependent effects? It has been argued further that plants, being rooted organisms, probably compete mainly with t ...
Chapter 20 Succession and Stability In 1794, Captain George
... environmental circumstances. The communities we discussed in chapter 2—temperate forests, grasslands, etc.— were essentially the climax communities for each of the climatic regimes that we considered. The climax community around Glacier Bay is determined by the prevailing climate and local topograph ...
... environmental circumstances. The communities we discussed in chapter 2—temperate forests, grasslands, etc.— were essentially the climax communities for each of the climatic regimes that we considered. The climax community around Glacier Bay is determined by the prevailing climate and local topograph ...
KELP FORESTS: past, present and future
... •High productivity and turnover of plant matter puts many nutrients into system •High structural diversity (like a forest on land) provides shelter and habitat for many species •Habitat complexity created: - understory with filtered light - canopy at surface ...
... •High productivity and turnover of plant matter puts many nutrients into system •High structural diversity (like a forest on land) provides shelter and habitat for many species •Habitat complexity created: - understory with filtered light - canopy at surface ...
Many shades of green: the dynamic tropical forest–savannah
... reflecting both local and regional changes in abiotic conditions [1 –3]. They are expected to be especially sensitive to global change, since relatively minor shifts in environmental drivers (e.g. climate, soils or herbivory) can translate into dramatic changes in their ecosystem structure and compo ...
... reflecting both local and regional changes in abiotic conditions [1 –3]. They are expected to be especially sensitive to global change, since relatively minor shifts in environmental drivers (e.g. climate, soils or herbivory) can translate into dramatic changes in their ecosystem structure and compo ...
Boreal Forests
... § Coniferous forests are mainly found in broad circumpolar belt across the northern hemisphere and on mountain ranges where low temperatures limit the growing season to a few months each year - thus too unfavorable for most hardwoods ...
... § Coniferous forests are mainly found in broad circumpolar belt across the northern hemisphere and on mountain ranges where low temperatures limit the growing season to a few months each year - thus too unfavorable for most hardwoods ...
Boreal Forests
... § Coniferous forests are mainly found in broad circumpolar belt across the northern hemisphere and on mountain ranges where low temperatures limit the growing season to a few months each year - thus too unfavorable for most hardwoods ...
... § Coniferous forests are mainly found in broad circumpolar belt across the northern hemisphere and on mountain ranges where low temperatures limit the growing season to a few months each year - thus too unfavorable for most hardwoods ...
Glossary of Terms - The Longleaf Alliance
... Box Cut: A term from the turpentine industry. A cut that was notched into the bottom of a pine tree where gum draining down the tree face collected. Brand: Marks burned onto the hides of live cattle with a red-hot branding iron. Such marks were used to help identify ownership of cattle. During a tim ...
... Box Cut: A term from the turpentine industry. A cut that was notched into the bottom of a pine tree where gum draining down the tree face collected. Brand: Marks burned onto the hides of live cattle with a red-hot branding iron. Such marks were used to help identify ownership of cattle. During a tim ...
Chapter 1: Introduction: Birds, Small mammals and
... Birds are one of the most studied taxa, both in the tropics and temperate regions as they are highly diverse and occupy a wide range of habitats. Community ecology studies on birds that discuss the need to address structural features of habitat for better understanding of avian communities (Lack 194 ...
... Birds are one of the most studied taxa, both in the tropics and temperate regions as they are highly diverse and occupy a wide range of habitats. Community ecology studies on birds that discuss the need to address structural features of habitat for better understanding of avian communities (Lack 194 ...
Appendix 4 - Georges River Combined Councils Committee
... This open forest is dominated by Swamp Mahogany (Eucalyptus robusta). The smaller tree layer includes Swamp Oak (Casuarina glauca) and Paperbarks (Melaleuca linariifolia, Melaleuca styphelioides) and an understorey including Cheese Tree (Glochidion ferdinandi) and Cabbage Tree Palm (Livistona austra ...
... This open forest is dominated by Swamp Mahogany (Eucalyptus robusta). The smaller tree layer includes Swamp Oak (Casuarina glauca) and Paperbarks (Melaleuca linariifolia, Melaleuca styphelioides) and an understorey including Cheese Tree (Glochidion ferdinandi) and Cabbage Tree Palm (Livistona austra ...
Missouri Forest Management Guidelines Unit 1
... attention to leaving appropriate amounts of logging residue, forest management involving regular harvests can still build, or at least maintain, soil nutrient levels, organic matter, and microorganisms. Appropriate harvest practices also minimize compaction and other physical changes to soil propert ...
... attention to leaving appropriate amounts of logging residue, forest management involving regular harvests can still build, or at least maintain, soil nutrient levels, organic matter, and microorganisms. Appropriate harvest practices also minimize compaction and other physical changes to soil propert ...
Snags, Coarse Woody Debris, and Wildlife
... than 10 inches in diameter were needed on a per acre basis with about two of these greater than 20 inches in diameter. Numbers were similar but slightly higher on the westside. Variation in height, diameter, and numbers has been recorded in individual studies, but all showed that more snags and ...
... than 10 inches in diameter were needed on a per acre basis with about two of these greater than 20 inches in diameter. Numbers were similar but slightly higher on the westside. Variation in height, diameter, and numbers has been recorded in individual studies, but all showed that more snags and ...
acorn connection addition_NEW
... deer into oak forests to feed on acorns. The deer carry adult ticks that drop off and spend the winter in the oak forests. The next year the female ticks lay eggs that hatch into larval ticks. The larval ticks are not infected with the bacteria that cause Lyme disease, but become infected when they ...
... deer into oak forests to feed on acorns. The deer carry adult ticks that drop off and spend the winter in the oak forests. The next year the female ticks lay eggs that hatch into larval ticks. The larval ticks are not infected with the bacteria that cause Lyme disease, but become infected when they ...
- Government of Nova Scotia
... Whenever you change something on your woodlot you affect a complex and interesting community. American naturalist Jack McCormick calls the forest “nature's city”. He paints a vivid picture of a densely populated community with high rises (trees), shops (plants on the forest floor) and basement apart ...
... Whenever you change something on your woodlot you affect a complex and interesting community. American naturalist Jack McCormick calls the forest “nature's city”. He paints a vivid picture of a densely populated community with high rises (trees), shops (plants on the forest floor) and basement apart ...
O Salamanders in a Changing Environment on Hemlock Hill Brooks Mathewson
... Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, a northproduced by puffer fish. Consequently, on days ern hardwood forest in the White Mountains of that are wet enough to keep their skin moist, New Hampshire, red-back densities were estithey are able to forage in the open without fear mated to be 0.25 individuals ...
... Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, a northproduced by puffer fish. Consequently, on days ern hardwood forest in the White Mountains of that are wet enough to keep their skin moist, New Hampshire, red-back densities were estithey are able to forage in the open without fear mated to be 0.25 individuals ...
Restoring Native Forest Understory: The Influence of Ferns and
... approach to enhancing success [21,22]. For example, many studies show that tree plantations, whether native or non-native, can serve as ―nurse crops‖ for the establishment of native forest species, with light attenuation as one of their main benefits [23,24]. Ecological restoration has the potential ...
... approach to enhancing success [21,22]. For example, many studies show that tree plantations, whether native or non-native, can serve as ―nurse crops‖ for the establishment of native forest species, with light attenuation as one of their main benefits [23,24]. Ecological restoration has the potential ...
Uganda-Plant and Forest Ecology
... A comparative study of the densities of living and dead trees in heavily logged and unlogged areas of Kibale National Park Abstract The future of tropical rain forests, such as Kibale, depends on their ability to regenerate after logging has occurred. By comparing tree densities in logged and unlogg ...
... A comparative study of the densities of living and dead trees in heavily logged and unlogged areas of Kibale National Park Abstract The future of tropical rain forests, such as Kibale, depends on their ability to regenerate after logging has occurred. By comparing tree densities in logged and unlogg ...
Old-growth forest
An old-growth forest (also termed primary forest, virgin forest, primeval forest, late seral forest, or in Britain, ancient woodland) is a forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance and thereby exhibits unique ecological features and might be classified as a climax community. Old-growth features include diverse tree-related structures that provide diverse wildlife habitat that increases the bio-diversity of the forested ecosystem. The concept of diverse tree structure includes multi-layered canopies and canopy gaps, greatly varying tree heights and diameters, and diverse tree species and classes and sizes of woody debris.Old-growth forests are economically valuable, and logging of these forests has been a point of contention between the logging industry and environmentalists.