An Introduction to the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis
... the proliferation phase to prepare for ovulation, the secretory phase after ovulation, and menstruation when conception does not occur. HPG axis activation in both males and females during puberty also causes individuals to gain secondary sex characteristics. HPG axis activation and deactivation als ...
... the proliferation phase to prepare for ovulation, the secretory phase after ovulation, and menstruation when conception does not occur. HPG axis activation in both males and females during puberty also causes individuals to gain secondary sex characteristics. HPG axis activation and deactivation als ...
HYPOTHALAMUS
... the median eminence, where they would have an opportunity to interact with the parvicellular neurosecretory system or even discharge neuroactive substances directly into the portal system. Plates 30, 32 show the distribution of vasopressin and oxytocin neurons in the PVN and SON. Plates 31 summarize ...
... the median eminence, where they would have an opportunity to interact with the parvicellular neurosecretory system or even discharge neuroactive substances directly into the portal system. Plates 30, 32 show the distribution of vasopressin and oxytocin neurons in the PVN and SON. Plates 31 summarize ...
Key Facts on Male Infertility
... Varicoceles (enlarged veins within the scrotum) are found in about 40% of men with infertility. How Often Does It Occur? Infertility is one of the most difficult experiences that a couple may face together. The couple may have a sense of loss and a feeling of uncertainty. It is a time, however, when ...
... Varicoceles (enlarged veins within the scrotum) are found in about 40% of men with infertility. How Often Does It Occur? Infertility is one of the most difficult experiences that a couple may face together. The couple may have a sense of loss and a feeling of uncertainty. It is a time, however, when ...
Effect of a phytoestrogen food supplement on
... cancer chemoprotective properties via a number of nonreceptor-related mechanisms, including inhibition of protein tyrosine kinases [2], impaired DNA topoisomerase activities and protection against DNA damage [3,4], and altered sex hormone metabolism and bioavailability [5–8]. However, phytoestrogens ...
... cancer chemoprotective properties via a number of nonreceptor-related mechanisms, including inhibition of protein tyrosine kinases [2], impaired DNA topoisomerase activities and protection against DNA damage [3,4], and altered sex hormone metabolism and bioavailability [5–8]. However, phytoestrogens ...
СПИСЪК НА ПУБЛИКАЦИИ И РЕЗЮМЕТА
... Introduction: Elevated total homocysteine (tHCY) is an established risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease, but the intimate mechanism is still not well understood. The study was designed to estimate tHCY concentration and other risk factors in coronary heart disease (CHD) males, evaluating ...
... Introduction: Elevated total homocysteine (tHCY) is an established risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease, but the intimate mechanism is still not well understood. The study was designed to estimate tHCY concentration and other risk factors in coronary heart disease (CHD) males, evaluating ...
Three-dimensional reconstruction of the lentiform nucleus from
... method (Adobe Photoshop 3.0 for Macintosh) and the obtained traces were transformed into a 3-D reconstruction program (Adobe Dimension 2.0 for Macintosh). The thickness of each serial section (100 µm) and the distance between two consecutive serial sections (500 µm) were taken into consideration dur ...
... method (Adobe Photoshop 3.0 for Macintosh) and the obtained traces were transformed into a 3-D reconstruction program (Adobe Dimension 2.0 for Macintosh). The thickness of each serial section (100 µm) and the distance between two consecutive serial sections (500 µm) were taken into consideration dur ...
Andropause: Pathophysiology, Problems, and
... don’t ingest alcoholic beverages. 3 Testosterone availability is even lower among men with chronic diseases. 4 Testosterone deficiency can be associated with decreased muscle mass and strength, 5 diminished bone mineral density, 6 hip fracture, 7 and loss of sexual interest. 8 Hypoandrogenism has al ...
... don’t ingest alcoholic beverages. 3 Testosterone availability is even lower among men with chronic diseases. 4 Testosterone deficiency can be associated with decreased muscle mass and strength, 5 diminished bone mineral density, 6 hip fracture, 7 and loss of sexual interest. 8 Hypoandrogenism has al ...
The Effects of Local Fetal Brain Extract Administration
... the early phase of regeneration. On the base of electromyographical records, the delay time (conduction velocity) was measured on different post-operation days (Table 1). This parameter was used to evaluate the recovery of injured nerve which may include the regeneration of nerve fibers and formatio ...
... the early phase of regeneration. On the base of electromyographical records, the delay time (conduction velocity) was measured on different post-operation days (Table 1). This parameter was used to evaluate the recovery of injured nerve which may include the regeneration of nerve fibers and formatio ...
Roof Rat Control around Homes and Other Structures
... in appearance. A quick or casual observation of any one of these rats can easily result in misidentification. However, the ecology and behavior of roof rats differ significantly from that of Norway rats and native rats. These ecological and behavioral differences are important to consider when imple ...
... in appearance. A quick or casual observation of any one of these rats can easily result in misidentification. However, the ecology and behavior of roof rats differ significantly from that of Norway rats and native rats. These ecological and behavioral differences are important to consider when imple ...
L9 - Internal structure of brain stem new
... The reticular formation controls the level of consciousness, the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system. Ascending sensory system pass through the brain stem en route to thalamus. First-order proprioceptive fibers in the dorsal column relay in the dorsal column nuclei. Second-order fib ...
... The reticular formation controls the level of consciousness, the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system. Ascending sensory system pass through the brain stem en route to thalamus. First-order proprioceptive fibers in the dorsal column relay in the dorsal column nuclei. Second-order fib ...
Hypothalamus
... Sensory relay - Ventral posterior group all sensation from body and head, including pain ...
... Sensory relay - Ventral posterior group all sensation from body and head, including pain ...
Effect of deep brain stimulation on substantia nigra neurons in a
... Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which occurs mainly in the elderly. Recent studies have demonstrated that apoptosis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of PD. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) has been recognized as ...
... Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which occurs mainly in the elderly. Recent studies have demonstrated that apoptosis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of PD. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) has been recognized as ...
Lecture 35 (Motivation)
... Goal of long-term feeding behavior: Maintain long-term energy stores (fat). Fat has twice the energy (per weight) as glucose and doesn’t require excess water storage like glucose (fat isn’t osmotically active). The body has a set-point for the amount of fat it would like stored on the body. ...
... Goal of long-term feeding behavior: Maintain long-term energy stores (fat). Fat has twice the energy (per weight) as glucose and doesn’t require excess water storage like glucose (fat isn’t osmotically active). The body has a set-point for the amount of fat it would like stored on the body. ...
Ustrojstvo sive i bijele tvari međumozga
... Corpus geniculatum laterale – relay of visual impulses to the visual cortex from retina ...
... Corpus geniculatum laterale – relay of visual impulses to the visual cortex from retina ...
Acute effects of interferon-a administration on testosterone
... within experiments (differences compared with t 0) were tested by analysis of variance and Fisher's LSD test for multiple comparison, as indicated. Data between experiments (IFN-a and control data) were tested by Wilcoxon's test. A P value < 0.05 was considered to ...
... within experiments (differences compared with t 0) were tested by analysis of variance and Fisher's LSD test for multiple comparison, as indicated. Data between experiments (IFN-a and control data) were tested by Wilcoxon's test. A P value < 0.05 was considered to ...
Prenatal morphine exposure alters the layer II/III pyramidal neurons
... When the apical dendrites and the basal dendrites were clustered, a significant difference has been observed in total lengths of basal dendrite between the two groups (F1,19 5 7.52, P < 0.05), but not those of apical dendrites (F1,19 5 3.35, P > 0.05) (Fig. 5). As measured by Sholl analysis, the int ...
... When the apical dendrites and the basal dendrites were clustered, a significant difference has been observed in total lengths of basal dendrite between the two groups (F1,19 5 7.52, P < 0.05), but not those of apical dendrites (F1,19 5 3.35, P > 0.05) (Fig. 5). As measured by Sholl analysis, the int ...
The Endocrine System The Pituitary Gland
... glands in the endocrine system They regulate the body’s calcium and phosphorus balances Tetany- condition caused by too low a calcium level; muscle spasms and cramps ...
... glands in the endocrine system They regulate the body’s calcium and phosphorus balances Tetany- condition caused by too low a calcium level; muscle spasms and cramps ...
Male lactation: why, why not and is it care?
... duct formation and, at puberty, proliferation of glandular and stromal tissue. At first glance, the pregnancy/lactation stage of mammary development appears impossible for males. However, it is the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy rather than the presence of a developing foetus that appe ...
... duct formation and, at puberty, proliferation of glandular and stromal tissue. At first glance, the pregnancy/lactation stage of mammary development appears impossible for males. However, it is the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy rather than the presence of a developing foetus that appe ...
HIRSUTISM
... • Useful in mild hirsuitism • Must be used alongwith medical therapy • Methods are: shaving, bleaching, waxing, plucking,electrolysis & laser. • Laser & electrolysis are most satisfactory ...
... • Useful in mild hirsuitism • Must be used alongwith medical therapy • Methods are: shaving, bleaching, waxing, plucking,electrolysis & laser. • Laser & electrolysis are most satisfactory ...
Histology Hormones
... unconsciousness and even death (usually the result of an overdose of insulin). Hypoinsulinism: Type I Diabetes (insulin – dependent diabetes mellitus)- elevated glucose levels in the blood and urine. Over time diabetics experience vascular and neural problems. Secondarily, poor circulation may lead ...
... unconsciousness and even death (usually the result of an overdose of insulin). Hypoinsulinism: Type I Diabetes (insulin – dependent diabetes mellitus)- elevated glucose levels in the blood and urine. Over time diabetics experience vascular and neural problems. Secondarily, poor circulation may lead ...
29.2 Neurons
... • Neurotransmitters- Chemical signals that pass between neurons. – Impulse reaches terminal. – Neurotransmitters released into synapse. --Bind to receptors on the next neuron and stimulate the next action potential, synapse ...
... • Neurotransmitters- Chemical signals that pass between neurons. – Impulse reaches terminal. – Neurotransmitters released into synapse. --Bind to receptors on the next neuron and stimulate the next action potential, synapse ...
6. Repro Endocrinology SV
... bottom of 3rd ventricle of brain secretes neurohormones that influence synthesis and release of pituitary hormones examples: gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) dopamine - Prolactin releasing inhibiting factor ...
... bottom of 3rd ventricle of brain secretes neurohormones that influence synthesis and release of pituitary hormones examples: gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) dopamine - Prolactin releasing inhibiting factor ...
Body Rhythms & Mental States Chapter 5: Consciousness
... cluster of cells in the hypothalamus called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) ...
... cluster of cells in the hypothalamus called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) ...
Pain relief produces negative reinforcement through activation of
... appetitive rewards promote an efflux of dopamine in the NAc (15, 16). It has been suggested that NAc neurons signal reward value and participate in behavioral decision making (17–21). We hypothesized that relief of ongoing pain would activate the mesolimbic dopamine pathway and that such activation i ...
... appetitive rewards promote an efflux of dopamine in the NAc (15, 16). It has been suggested that NAc neurons signal reward value and participate in behavioral decision making (17–21). We hypothesized that relief of ongoing pain would activate the mesolimbic dopamine pathway and that such activation i ...
morphometric parameters of the structures of the medulla oblongata
... Abstract. The results of the study of morphometric parameters and structure of medulla oblongata in human fetuses at 17-18 weeks of prenatal development with sacrococcygeal teratoma are presented. The dimensions of nuclei of medulla oblongata, shapes and the degree of differentiation of neurons have ...
... Abstract. The results of the study of morphometric parameters and structure of medulla oblongata in human fetuses at 17-18 weeks of prenatal development with sacrococcygeal teratoma are presented. The dimensions of nuclei of medulla oblongata, shapes and the degree of differentiation of neurons have ...