5_triiodothyronine-down-regulates-thyrotropin-releasing
... from neoformed fetal rat islets in d-2 and d-7 cultures. Neoformed islets were cultured free floating for 2 (d-2) or 7 days (d-7) in petri dishes, which did not permit cell attachment, in complete RPMI medium changed every other day. The islets were rinsed with PBS and maintained for the last 24 h i ...
... from neoformed fetal rat islets in d-2 and d-7 cultures. Neoformed islets were cultured free floating for 2 (d-2) or 7 days (d-7) in petri dishes, which did not permit cell attachment, in complete RPMI medium changed every other day. The islets were rinsed with PBS and maintained for the last 24 h i ...
Autonomic regulation of islet hormone secretion
... nicotinic mechanisms. Possibly several other transmission pathways are also involved [16], but this has not been explored in great detail. The postganglionic nerve fibres innervating the islets release acetylcholine, which directly stimulates insulin secretion from the islet beta cells through activ ...
... nicotinic mechanisms. Possibly several other transmission pathways are also involved [16], but this has not been explored in great detail. The postganglionic nerve fibres innervating the islets release acetylcholine, which directly stimulates insulin secretion from the islet beta cells through activ ...
Serum Glucagon Counterregulatory Hormonal Response to
... CHI and requiring high rates of intravenous dextrose infusion. The fast was completed when the plasma glucose concentration fell to 2.6 mmol/l or if the child became symptomatic. At the time of hypoglycemia, each child had blood withdrawn for measurement of serum insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, nore ...
... CHI and requiring high rates of intravenous dextrose infusion. The fast was completed when the plasma glucose concentration fell to 2.6 mmol/l or if the child became symptomatic. At the time of hypoglycemia, each child had blood withdrawn for measurement of serum insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, nore ...
The Discovery of Insulin - Albert Einstein College of Medicine
... 19 dogs, 14 of which had died, mostly from causes unrelated to the planned experiments (Bliss, 1982). At the end of the month, the pair prepared their first extract of the hypothetical internal secretion from degenerated pancreas that had been ground up and filtered. The filtrate did not cause a dec ...
... 19 dogs, 14 of which had died, mostly from causes unrelated to the planned experiments (Bliss, 1982). At the end of the month, the pair prepared their first extract of the hypothetical internal secretion from degenerated pancreas that had been ground up and filtered. The filtrate did not cause a dec ...
Insulin and Its Metabolic Effects 2011
... didn‘t know why. The reason why was because he was eating off his muscles--if you take (gemfibrozole) and any of the HMG co-enzyme reductase inhibitors together, this is a common side effect, which is in the PDR; they shouldn‘t be given together. So, he was chewing up his muscles, including his hear ...
... didn‘t know why. The reason why was because he was eating off his muscles--if you take (gemfibrozole) and any of the HMG co-enzyme reductase inhibitors together, this is a common side effect, which is in the PDR; they shouldn‘t be given together. So, he was chewing up his muscles, including his hear ...
Highly specific radioimmunoassay for human insulin
... subjects [14 women and 6 men; mean age, 30 years (range, 19 – 65 years); mean body mass index, 21.9 kg/m2 (range, 17.5–24.9 kg/m2); mean fasting plasma glucose, 4.2 mmol/L (range, 3.3–5.1 mmol/L)], from 6 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [5 women and 1 man; mean age, 66 years (r ...
... subjects [14 women and 6 men; mean age, 30 years (range, 19 – 65 years); mean body mass index, 21.9 kg/m2 (range, 17.5–24.9 kg/m2); mean fasting plasma glucose, 4.2 mmol/L (range, 3.3–5.1 mmol/L)], from 6 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [5 women and 1 man; mean age, 66 years (r ...
4176 metodological instructions - Сумський державний університет
... Metformin and a rapid-acting insulin secretagogue (nateglinide) are the drugs of choice in initial treatment of Type 2 diabetes. If HbA-|C increases over 6.5% despite oral drugs, insulin has to be initiated. The first step is evening administration of insulin glargine. However, in most cases a rapid ...
... Metformin and a rapid-acting insulin secretagogue (nateglinide) are the drugs of choice in initial treatment of Type 2 diabetes. If HbA-|C increases over 6.5% despite oral drugs, insulin has to be initiated. The first step is evening administration of insulin glargine. However, in most cases a rapid ...
english,
... It was previously demonstrated that H.pylori induced excessive lipid peroxidation and accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)-histidine adducts in the gastric mucosa of patients with duodenal peptic ulcer (8). Interestingly, shortly after H.pylori eradication in four weeks period, manifestations of o ...
... It was previously demonstrated that H.pylori induced excessive lipid peroxidation and accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)-histidine adducts in the gastric mucosa of patients with duodenal peptic ulcer (8). Interestingly, shortly after H.pylori eradication in four weeks period, manifestations of o ...
PDF - EnM :: Endocrinology and Metabolism
... Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea Background: Thyroid hormones can influence energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity via their interaction with adipocyto ...
... Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea Background: Thyroid hormones can influence energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity via their interaction with adipocyto ...
Pharmacology/Therapeutics II Block III Lectures 2012
... Treatment with synthetic GHRH (Sermorelin) Sermorelin is used if a patient possesses defective hypothalamic release of GHRH but normally functioning anterior pituitary somatotrophs Treatment with Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (Somatropin, Somatrem) ...
... Treatment with synthetic GHRH (Sermorelin) Sermorelin is used if a patient possesses defective hypothalamic release of GHRH but normally functioning anterior pituitary somatotrophs Treatment with Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (Somatropin, Somatrem) ...
Beta-cell function and mass in type 2 diabetes
... would greatly improve our understanding of disease progression and allow evaluation of pharmacological methods to increase BCM. BCM cannot, at present, be measured in vivo in humans. We therefore set out to further validate data from smaller studies in lean non-human primates and minipigs showing a ...
... would greatly improve our understanding of disease progression and allow evaluation of pharmacological methods to increase BCM. BCM cannot, at present, be measured in vivo in humans. We therefore set out to further validate data from smaller studies in lean non-human primates and minipigs showing a ...
... conditions associated with severe malnutrition and weight loss, such as anorexia nervosa (4), cancer, or cardiac cachexia (5), plasma total ghrelin levels are increased up to threefold compared with healthy individuals. Besides its well known effects on feeding behavior, fat mass, and GH secretion, ...
Role of ghrelin and leptin in the regulation of carbohydrate
... on the kind of insulin therapy, and relate to anthropometric parameters, age and age at diabetes onset [42]. S-ObR levels are also significantly higher in children with type 1 diabetes, and correlate with the above-mentioned factors and additionally with diabetes duration. Experimental studies showe ...
... on the kind of insulin therapy, and relate to anthropometric parameters, age and age at diabetes onset [42]. S-ObR levels are also significantly higher in children with type 1 diabetes, and correlate with the above-mentioned factors and additionally with diabetes duration. Experimental studies showe ...
A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of acute left toe
... B. add phosphate to the intravenous solution C. add sodium bicarbonate to the intravenous solution D. administer a bolus infusion of mannitol E. increase the dose of insulin Explanation: The correct answer is D. This patient has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and has most likely developed cerebral ede ...
... B. add phosphate to the intravenous solution C. add sodium bicarbonate to the intravenous solution D. administer a bolus infusion of mannitol E. increase the dose of insulin Explanation: The correct answer is D. This patient has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and has most likely developed cerebral ede ...
Interacting Epidemics * Diabetes Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2
... with elevated fasting glucose levels. A few studies, however, have reported negative findings. In 1994, Davies and coworkers26 reported no significant hyperinsulinemia in a small number of patients with sleep apnea and snorers compared with control subjects individually matched for age, BMI, and smo ...
... with elevated fasting glucose levels. A few studies, however, have reported negative findings. In 1994, Davies and coworkers26 reported no significant hyperinsulinemia in a small number of patients with sleep apnea and snorers compared with control subjects individually matched for age, BMI, and smo ...
recombiant drug
... www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov............................................................................................................. 19 ...
... www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov............................................................................................................. 19 ...
The prevalence of specific causes for diabetes mellitus in cats
... multifactorial cause that is mainly attributed by a positive carbohydrate metabolism caused by lifestyle factors such as physical inactivity, high dietary carbohydrate intake, overweight or perhaps even a genetic background. In fact you could say this is idiopathic diabetes, the exact cause is unkno ...
... multifactorial cause that is mainly attributed by a positive carbohydrate metabolism caused by lifestyle factors such as physical inactivity, high dietary carbohydrate intake, overweight or perhaps even a genetic background. In fact you could say this is idiopathic diabetes, the exact cause is unkno ...
Elevated Hepatic Insulin Extraction in Essential Hypertension
... esis of hyperinsulinemia in essential hypertension has not been elucidated so far. Therefore, this study focused on beta cell insulin secretion, the role of hormone extraction in the liver, and insulin sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension before and 12-16 weeks after treatment with ca ...
... esis of hyperinsulinemia in essential hypertension has not been elucidated so far. Therefore, this study focused on beta cell insulin secretion, the role of hormone extraction in the liver, and insulin sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension before and 12-16 weeks after treatment with ca ...
Glucose Metabolism Rather Than Insulin Is a Main Determinant of
... F(1,28) ⫽ 6.48; P ⫽ 0.017] and also greater in the euglycemic than hypoglycemic conditions [effect of blood glucose: F(1,28) ⫽ 5.37; P ⫽ 0.028]. The ratio between changes in leptin and the total amount of glucose infused was remarkably constant across all four conditions: 10.6 ⫾ 2.1, 12.9 ⫾ 2.4, 11. ...
... F(1,28) ⫽ 6.48; P ⫽ 0.017] and also greater in the euglycemic than hypoglycemic conditions [effect of blood glucose: F(1,28) ⫽ 5.37; P ⫽ 0.028]. The ratio between changes in leptin and the total amount of glucose infused was remarkably constant across all four conditions: 10.6 ⫾ 2.1, 12.9 ⫾ 2.4, 11. ...
Understanding Advanced Carbohydrate Counting — A Useful Tool
... 500 Rule Based on Body Weight 500 ÷ total daily dose* = grams of 2.8 x body weight (in pounds) ÷ total daily carbohydrate covered by 1 unit of rapiddose* = ICR acting insulin (ICR) Example: 160-lb patient taking 50 Example: Patient taking 50 units/day units/day ...
... 500 Rule Based on Body Weight 500 ÷ total daily dose* = grams of 2.8 x body weight (in pounds) ÷ total daily carbohydrate covered by 1 unit of rapiddose* = ICR acting insulin (ICR) Example: 160-lb patient taking 50 Example: Patient taking 50 units/day units/day ...
1 - RCRMC Family Medicine Residency
... This patient should receive an intravenous infusion of zoledronate. Malignancy is the most common cause of nonparathyroid hormone (PTH)–mediated hypercalcemia and the most frequent cause of hypercalcemia in hospitalized patients. Malignancy-associated hypercalcemia is differentiated into two forms: ...
... This patient should receive an intravenous infusion of zoledronate. Malignancy is the most common cause of nonparathyroid hormone (PTH)–mediated hypercalcemia and the most frequent cause of hypercalcemia in hospitalized patients. Malignancy-associated hypercalcemia is differentiated into two forms: ...
The Catabolic Action of Insulin in the Brain Is Mediated
... energy expenditure. Understanding the high degree of accuracy displayed by most mammals to maintain energy balance is fundamental to our knowledge of how homeostatic systems function, as well as to the etiology and treatment of clinical syndromes, including obesity and eating disorders. One afferent ...
... energy expenditure. Understanding the high degree of accuracy displayed by most mammals to maintain energy balance is fundamental to our knowledge of how homeostatic systems function, as well as to the etiology and treatment of clinical syndromes, including obesity and eating disorders. One afferent ...
Expression of Phosphofructokinase in Skeletal Muscle Is
... genotype-phenotype associations. While cis-eQTL analyses have been carried out in a number of human tissues, their discovery in human skeletal muscle has been limited. A large study of skeletal muscle eQTLs (n = 225) was carried out in healthy Pima Indians to assess the causes and prevalence of bimo ...
... genotype-phenotype associations. While cis-eQTL analyses have been carried out in a number of human tissues, their discovery in human skeletal muscle has been limited. A large study of skeletal muscle eQTLs (n = 225) was carried out in healthy Pima Indians to assess the causes and prevalence of bimo ...
Adipose Tissue and Insulin Resistance
... output. The fact that IL-6 opposes insulin action in the liver has led to speculation that its oversecretion may play a role in insulin resistance. In the liver, IL-6 causes release of NEFAs and is the primary stimulator of for production of acute phase proteins (55). Administration of IL-6 in healt ...
... output. The fact that IL-6 opposes insulin action in the liver has led to speculation that its oversecretion may play a role in insulin resistance. In the liver, IL-6 causes release of NEFAs and is the primary stimulator of for production of acute phase proteins (55). Administration of IL-6 in healt ...
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication in patients with diabetes mellitus. It happens predominantly in those with type 1 diabetes, but it can occur in those with type 2 diabetes under certain circumstances. DKA results from a shortage of insulin; in response the body switches to burning fatty acids and producing acidic ketone bodies that cause most of the symptoms and complications.DKA may be the first symptom of previously undiagnosed diabetes, but it may also occur in people known to have diabetes as a result of a variety of causes, such as intercurrent illness or poor compliance with insulin therapy. Vomiting, dehydration, deep gasping breathing, confusion and occasionally coma are typical symptoms. DKA is diagnosed with blood and urine tests; it is distinguished from other, rarer forms of ketoacidosis by the presence of high blood sugar levels. Treatment involves intravenous fluids to correct dehydration, insulin to suppress the production of ketone bodies, treatment for any underlying causes such as infections, and close observation to prevent and identify complications.DKA is a medical emergency, and without treatment it can lead to death. DKA was first described in 1886; until the introduction of insulin therapy in the 1920s, it was almost universally fatal. It now carries a mortality of less than 1% with adequate and timely treatment.