... eliciting effective specific humoral antibody responses against various antigens. For IgM, only one gene can generate as many as six structural isoforms and, therefore, diversity would be the result of structural organization rather than genetic variability [20]. However, though until 1997 teleosts ...
Pathogen, Subjects, Urinary Tract Infection
... specimens were collected from in and out patients from a general hospital in Port Harcourt. Some of the patients were on admission while more of them were out patients. Universal sterile containers were issued to patients and instructions on how to collect urine specimen was passed to them. Universa ...
... specimens were collected from in and out patients from a general hospital in Port Harcourt. Some of the patients were on admission while more of them were out patients. Universal sterile containers were issued to patients and instructions on how to collect urine specimen was passed to them. Universa ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document:
... phenomenon was independent of the phosphorylation activity of the NFAT1 and 2 kinases p38 and JNK, and resultant nuclear exit, as cellular translocation assays using specific kinase and nuclear export inhibitors caused no change in pattern of NFAT1 and NFAT2 nuclear localization. Proliferative and t ...
... phenomenon was independent of the phosphorylation activity of the NFAT1 and 2 kinases p38 and JNK, and resultant nuclear exit, as cellular translocation assays using specific kinase and nuclear export inhibitors caused no change in pattern of NFAT1 and NFAT2 nuclear localization. Proliferative and t ...
Crosstalk Between Insulin and Toll-like Receptor
... to be somehow different from the inflammatory response elsewhere. For instance, edema as a typical phenotype of inflammation is limited in the CNS (because of the cranium). Another difference which can be seen in neuroinflammation is the recruitment of leucocytes, which is very rapid in systemic org ...
... to be somehow different from the inflammatory response elsewhere. For instance, edema as a typical phenotype of inflammation is limited in the CNS (because of the cranium). Another difference which can be seen in neuroinflammation is the recruitment of leucocytes, which is very rapid in systemic org ...
PDF Print - APS Journals - American Phytopathological Society
... replicate plants for each inoculation date. The experiment was conducted twice with both Col-09 and Col-10 isolates. The data presented are the averages of the two experiments because error variances were homogeneous and ANOVA did not show significant differences between isolates. Incidence (%) of i ...
... replicate plants for each inoculation date. The experiment was conducted twice with both Col-09 and Col-10 isolates. The data presented are the averages of the two experiments because error variances were homogeneous and ANOVA did not show significant differences between isolates. Incidence (%) of i ...
Detailed proteome mapping of newly emerged honeybee
... To compare the 2D-E hemolymph of emerged honeybees with the pupal stage, we adopted the results from our previous study (Erban et al. 2014) of red-eye pupal hemolymph performed on the same apparatus using the same methods and identical 20-μL hemolymph volumes. Because the patterns of the 2D-Es of th ...
... To compare the 2D-E hemolymph of emerged honeybees with the pupal stage, we adopted the results from our previous study (Erban et al. 2014) of red-eye pupal hemolymph performed on the same apparatus using the same methods and identical 20-μL hemolymph volumes. Because the patterns of the 2D-Es of th ...
Strategies of the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica to evade
... and Podolsky 2000). Molecules expressed specifically by E. histolytica could be recognized by these systems and used to distinguish between pathogenic and non-pathogenic ameoba. The first step in bowel invasion by E. histolytica, is the binding of the trophozoites to IEC. This binding is mediated ma ...
... and Podolsky 2000). Molecules expressed specifically by E. histolytica could be recognized by these systems and used to distinguish between pathogenic and non-pathogenic ameoba. The first step in bowel invasion by E. histolytica, is the binding of the trophozoites to IEC. This binding is mediated ma ...
Activation of the Inflammatory Response by Fungal
... syndromes to invasive life-threating conditions. Furthermore, exposure to noninfectious fungal components in the context of agricultural work or in waterdamaged houses has been associated to illnesses in the respiratory tract. The inadequate knowledge of the immune mechanisms behind these illnesses ...
... syndromes to invasive life-threating conditions. Furthermore, exposure to noninfectious fungal components in the context of agricultural work or in waterdamaged houses has been associated to illnesses in the respiratory tract. The inadequate knowledge of the immune mechanisms behind these illnesses ...
Teil 1: „Studies on the extracellular matrix enzyme
... The discovery of the matrix enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX) emerged from the convergence of mainly two research areas. Already the greek philosopher Hippocrates reported that chronic ingestion of the sweet pea Lathyrus odoratus can result in a disease today referred to as lathyrism. Studies with experime ...
... The discovery of the matrix enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX) emerged from the convergence of mainly two research areas. Already the greek philosopher Hippocrates reported that chronic ingestion of the sweet pea Lathyrus odoratus can result in a disease today referred to as lathyrism. Studies with experime ...
Exposure to natural pathogens reveals costly aphid
... aphids may be due to their intimate relationship with both intracellular and extracellular Gram-negative bacterial symbionts (Altincicek et al. 2008; Gerardo et al. 2010). As these symbionts are essential for aphid survival, immune activity against them could be detrimental. All aphids have intracel ...
... aphids may be due to their intimate relationship with both intracellular and extracellular Gram-negative bacterial symbionts (Altincicek et al. 2008; Gerardo et al. 2010). As these symbionts are essential for aphid survival, immune activity against them could be detrimental. All aphids have intracel ...
The Role of Nrf2 in Cellular Innate Immune Response to
... Nuclear factor erythroid derived 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a master transcription regulator of antioxidant and cytoprotective proteins that mediate cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Disruption of cellular stress response by Nrf2 deficiency causes enhanced susceptibilit ...
... Nuclear factor erythroid derived 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a master transcription regulator of antioxidant and cytoprotective proteins that mediate cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Disruption of cellular stress response by Nrf2 deficiency causes enhanced susceptibilit ...
Immune response on rabbit does of different genetic
... Rabbit health is considered a main handicap on commercial farms. The overall objective of this thesis was to study the immune response of rabbit does of different genetic types subjected to reproductive, environment and immunologic challenges, and its relationship with body condition. Effect of sele ...
... Rabbit health is considered a main handicap on commercial farms. The overall objective of this thesis was to study the immune response of rabbit does of different genetic types subjected to reproductive, environment and immunologic challenges, and its relationship with body condition. Effect of sele ...
Linking immune defenses and life history at the
... and understanding such trade-offs, however, is complicated by the complexity of the immune system. The measurement of multiple immune indices in studies of “eco-immunology” has only recently become more common, but has great potential for furthering an understanding of the ecological and evolutionar ...
... and understanding such trade-offs, however, is complicated by the complexity of the immune system. The measurement of multiple immune indices in studies of “eco-immunology” has only recently become more common, but has great potential for furthering an understanding of the ecological and evolutionar ...
Ascaris- Script Objective Summary FAQs QUIZ HOME Video Index
... Respiratory system: In Ascaris there are no respiratory organs and it respires anaerobically by glycolysis. It is also able to consume free oxygen in the host’s intestine. 5. Excretory System: In Ascaris, the excretory system is simple and H-shaped. There is a longitudinal excretory canal in each l ...
... Respiratory system: In Ascaris there are no respiratory organs and it respires anaerobically by glycolysis. It is also able to consume free oxygen in the host’s intestine. 5. Excretory System: In Ascaris, the excretory system is simple and H-shaped. There is a longitudinal excretory canal in each l ...
Document
... Nematodes do not have respiratory systems; instead they absorb oxygen through their skin in a process known as blank. ...
... Nematodes do not have respiratory systems; instead they absorb oxygen through their skin in a process known as blank. ...
HSP70 expression: does it a novel fatigue signalling factor
... a state of oxidative stress, concomitantly to high concentrations of intracellular HSP70.63 Even though oxidative stress is a strong factor to induce HSP70s in response to exercise, free radical production is not the only pathway involved in this process, since sexual hormones and adrenergic stimuli ...
... a state of oxidative stress, concomitantly to high concentrations of intracellular HSP70.63 Even though oxidative stress is a strong factor to induce HSP70s in response to exercise, free radical production is not the only pathway involved in this process, since sexual hormones and adrenergic stimuli ...
Memory and Specificity in the Insect Immune System: Current
... closely related Gram-positive bacteria (Paenibacillus alvei and P. larvae) and subsequent challenging with either the same bacteria (homologous) or one of the two bacteria with which it had not been primed (heterologous) have shown that primed bees can survive a homologous secondary infection signif ...
... closely related Gram-positive bacteria (Paenibacillus alvei and P. larvae) and subsequent challenging with either the same bacteria (homologous) or one of the two bacteria with which it had not been primed (heterologous) have shown that primed bees can survive a homologous secondary infection signif ...
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
... • Crossing over frequency (0.5%) between MHC genes is very less. • Thus, MHC alleles present on one chromosome tends to remain as such and inherited as set. • This set of MHC alleles is generally termed as “Haplotype”. • Thus, a person have two haplotypes transferred from mother and father. • MHC Al ...
... • Crossing over frequency (0.5%) between MHC genes is very less. • Thus, MHC alleles present on one chromosome tends to remain as such and inherited as set. • This set of MHC alleles is generally termed as “Haplotype”. • Thus, a person have two haplotypes transferred from mother and father. • MHC Al ...
Catalase and NO CATALASE ACTIVITY1 Promote
... of the AT3G54360 gene into the nca1-1 mutant background rescued the mutant phenotype (see Supplemental Figure 1 online). We conclude that NCA1 is identical to AT3G54360. The NCA1 gene product contains a Really Interesting New Gene domain (cd00162), and its function has so far not been described. To ...
... of the AT3G54360 gene into the nca1-1 mutant background rescued the mutant phenotype (see Supplemental Figure 1 online). We conclude that NCA1 is identical to AT3G54360. The NCA1 gene product contains a Really Interesting New Gene domain (cd00162), and its function has so far not been described. To ...
Programmed cell death, autophagy, autohagic cell death
... 10. The regulation and function of Drosophila Atg1 in autophagy (Chang YY) 11. Determining the role of the Drosophila Bcl-2 protein, Buffy, in mediating autophagy (Menserrate JP) 12. HIF-1a is a hypoxia-dependent regulator of autophagy (Lum JJ) Regulation and physiology of autophagy 13. Signaling co ...
... 10. The regulation and function of Drosophila Atg1 in autophagy (Chang YY) 11. Determining the role of the Drosophila Bcl-2 protein, Buffy, in mediating autophagy (Menserrate JP) 12. HIF-1a is a hypoxia-dependent regulator of autophagy (Lum JJ) Regulation and physiology of autophagy 13. Signaling co ...
Cystic Fibrosis Impact on Cellular Function - Carroll Collected
... of deficient CFTR and how CFTR is expressed in the body’s tissues (9). For example, as little as 20% impairment of chloride secretion is enough to cause obstruction of the vas deferens, whereas 50% impairment of CFTR activity is not detectable as a change in sweat chloride, and little CFTR activity ...
... of deficient CFTR and how CFTR is expressed in the body’s tissues (9). For example, as little as 20% impairment of chloride secretion is enough to cause obstruction of the vas deferens, whereas 50% impairment of CFTR activity is not detectable as a change in sweat chloride, and little CFTR activity ...
A human SARS-CoV neutralizing antibody against epitope on S2
... collected from the culture supernatant. In vitro neutralization assay. Luc/SARS S pseudovirus system was used as an infection model to evaluate the neutralization activity of scFv B1. First, the Luc/SARS S pseudoviruses were pre-incubated with a serial twofold dilution of purified scFv B1, starting a ...
... collected from the culture supernatant. In vitro neutralization assay. Luc/SARS S pseudovirus system was used as an infection model to evaluate the neutralization activity of scFv B1. First, the Luc/SARS S pseudoviruses were pre-incubated with a serial twofold dilution of purified scFv B1, starting a ...
IMMUNE EVASION BY STAPHYLOCOCCI
... Furthermore, the isolation of MRSA strains that have also become resistant to vancomycin5,6, the last drug to which the organism had been uniformly sensitive, raises the spectre of a return to the pre-antibiotic era. The primary defence against S. aureus infection is the innate immunity provided by ...
... Furthermore, the isolation of MRSA strains that have also become resistant to vancomycin5,6, the last drug to which the organism had been uniformly sensitive, raises the spectre of a return to the pre-antibiotic era. The primary defence against S. aureus infection is the innate immunity provided by ...
Genome-wide transcriptional profiling linked to social class in asthma
... Results: Children with asthma from a low SES background showed overexpression of genes regulating inflammatory processes, including those involved in chemokine activity, stress responses and wound responses, compared with children with asthma from a high SES background. Bioinformatic analysis sugges ...
... Results: Children with asthma from a low SES background showed overexpression of genes regulating inflammatory processes, including those involved in chemokine activity, stress responses and wound responses, compared with children with asthma from a high SES background. Bioinformatic analysis sugges ...
Drosophila melanogaster
Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (the taxonomic order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae. The species is known generally as the common fruit fly or vinegar fly. Starting with Charles W. Woodworth's proposal of the use of this species as a model organism, D. melanogaster continues to be widely used for biological research in studies of genetics, physiology, microbial pathogenesis, and life history evolution. It is typically used because it is an animal species that is easy to care for, has four pairs of chromosomes, breeds quickly, and lays many eggs. D. melanogaster is a common pest in homes, restaurants, and other occupied places where food is served.Flies belonging to the family Tephritidae are also called ""fruit flies"". This can cause confusion, especially in Australia and South Africa, where the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata is an economic pest.