The transcriptional regulator CprK detects chlorination by combining
... spectrum of signals from within the cell and its environment [18,19]. All members of this superfamily contain an N-terminal sensor module able to bind the effector—OCPA in the case of CprK—or undergo effector-mediated modification. Allosteric effects of ligand binding or modification of the N-termin ...
... spectrum of signals from within the cell and its environment [18,19]. All members of this superfamily contain an N-terminal sensor module able to bind the effector—OCPA in the case of CprK—or undergo effector-mediated modification. Allosteric effects of ligand binding or modification of the N-termin ...
Interaction of Urea with Amino Acids: Implications for Urea
... rings of PHE, TRP, and TYR, as well as for the whole CYS, and the Cβ and Cγ atoms of ILE, LEU, and MET. These atoms have been assigned a small charge (between -0.06e and -0.12e) in the OPLS-AA force field. The peptide backbone shows preferential interaction with urea for all amino acids. Overall, we ...
... rings of PHE, TRP, and TYR, as well as for the whole CYS, and the Cβ and Cγ atoms of ILE, LEU, and MET. These atoms have been assigned a small charge (between -0.06e and -0.12e) in the OPLS-AA force field. The peptide backbone shows preferential interaction with urea for all amino acids. Overall, we ...
12551_2008_5_MOESM1_ESM - Springer Static Content Server
... A study of the sequences of all intermediate filament chains illustrates the conserved and repeating sequences that are present. Amongst the quasi-repeats is the apolar-X sequence repeated four times consecutively in linker L12 Dalla Valle L, Nardi A, Gelmi C et al (2008) -keratins of the crocodili ...
... A study of the sequences of all intermediate filament chains illustrates the conserved and repeating sequences that are present. Amongst the quasi-repeats is the apolar-X sequence repeated four times consecutively in linker L12 Dalla Valle L, Nardi A, Gelmi C et al (2008) -keratins of the crocodili ...
The Principles of Balancing Diets for Amino Acids and Their Impact
... rumen bacteria or in milk and tissue protein (Table 1). Many nutritionists have questioned the possibility of histidine (His) as a potential limiting AA. However, to the author’s knowledge, His has only been identified as first limiting when grass silage and barley and oat diets were fed, with or wi ...
... rumen bacteria or in milk and tissue protein (Table 1). Many nutritionists have questioned the possibility of histidine (His) as a potential limiting AA. However, to the author’s knowledge, His has only been identified as first limiting when grass silage and barley and oat diets were fed, with or wi ...
Document
... myosin and actin. • 4. Transport: hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to cells; other proteins transport molecules across cell membranes. • 5. Hormones: many hormones are proteins, among them insulin, oxytocin, and human growth hormone. © 2006 Thomson Learning, Inc. All rights reserved ...
... myosin and actin. • 4. Transport: hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to cells; other proteins transport molecules across cell membranes. • 5. Hormones: many hormones are proteins, among them insulin, oxytocin, and human growth hormone. © 2006 Thomson Learning, Inc. All rights reserved ...
The Evolution of SMC Proteins: Phylogenetic Analysis and Structural
... (Hirano et al. 2001), only the N-terminal globular domain directly binds ATP (Akhmedov et al. 1998). This ATPase activity appears to be required for the full function of SMC-containing complexes, as shown by mutagenesis of the ATP-binding domain (Chuang, Albertson, and Meyer 1994; Verkade et al. 199 ...
... (Hirano et al. 2001), only the N-terminal globular domain directly binds ATP (Akhmedov et al. 1998). This ATPase activity appears to be required for the full function of SMC-containing complexes, as shown by mutagenesis of the ATP-binding domain (Chuang, Albertson, and Meyer 1994; Verkade et al. 199 ...
Basics on Protein Structure Building Blocks: Amino Acids
... 2. Compare hydrogen bonding pattern at each residue with known patterns ...
... 2. Compare hydrogen bonding pattern at each residue with known patterns ...
The variable and conserved interfaces of modeled olfactory receptor
... of the OR model. We observed that out of 36 hypervariable residues ~whose variability value is more than one standard deviation above the average variability in the TM segments!, in the entire OR protein, 26 are in the three variable helices, most of which ~20 residues! are on the predicted inner su ...
... of the OR model. We observed that out of 36 hypervariable residues ~whose variability value is more than one standard deviation above the average variability in the TM segments!, in the entire OR protein, 26 are in the three variable helices, most of which ~20 residues! are on the predicted inner su ...
Analysis of expressed sequence tags from Cryptomeria japonica
... prepared with oligonucleotide probes that represented approximately 8000 genes. One group identified 992 pollen-expressed mRNAs, nearly 40% (387 genes) of which were detected specifically in pollen (Honys and Twell 2003). The other group detected 1584 genes that were expressed in pollen and reported ...
... prepared with oligonucleotide probes that represented approximately 8000 genes. One group identified 992 pollen-expressed mRNAs, nearly 40% (387 genes) of which were detected specifically in pollen (Honys and Twell 2003). The other group detected 1584 genes that were expressed in pollen and reported ...
prosthetic group as non polypeptide biocatalyst essential for
... enzymes, such as nitric oxide synthase, protein phosphatases and adenylate kinase, but calcium activates these enzymes in allosteric regulation, often binding to these enzymes in a complex with calmodulin.[18] Calcium is, therefore, a cell signaling molecule and not usually considered a cofactor of ...
... enzymes, such as nitric oxide synthase, protein phosphatases and adenylate kinase, but calcium activates these enzymes in allosteric regulation, often binding to these enzymes in a complex with calmodulin.[18] Calcium is, therefore, a cell signaling molecule and not usually considered a cofactor of ...
Regulation of Galactoside Transport by the PTS
... isolated and extensively characterized in enteric bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Some of mutations were mapped in genes for enzyme I and HPr, common components of the PTS. Although it had been suggested that the PTS is responsible for the uptake of many carbohydrates, it has be ...
... isolated and extensively characterized in enteric bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Some of mutations were mapped in genes for enzyme I and HPr, common components of the PTS. Although it had been suggested that the PTS is responsible for the uptake of many carbohydrates, it has be ...
NZY Ribonuclease Inhibitor
... the percentage of full length cDNA. The presence of NZY Ribonuclease Inhibitor does not affect the use of RNase H after first-strand cDNA synthesis. ...
... the percentage of full length cDNA. The presence of NZY Ribonuclease Inhibitor does not affect the use of RNase H after first-strand cDNA synthesis. ...
The nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the attachment
... unidentified product in morbillivirus-infected cells p e r se. In common with the other Paramyxoviridae H proteins examined to date (Morrison, 1988), the CDV H protein appears to be a class II glycoprotein as the only hydrophobic domain large enough to span the lipid membrane is located near the N t ...
... unidentified product in morbillivirus-infected cells p e r se. In common with the other Paramyxoviridae H proteins examined to date (Morrison, 1988), the CDV H protein appears to be a class II glycoprotein as the only hydrophobic domain large enough to span the lipid membrane is located near the N t ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules TEKS 9A
... • Proteins are polymers of amino acid monomers. – Twenty different amino acids are used to build proteins in organisms. – Amino acids differ in side groups, or R groups. – Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds. ...
... • Proteins are polymers of amino acid monomers. – Twenty different amino acids are used to build proteins in organisms. – Amino acids differ in side groups, or R groups. – Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds. ...
Thulashie Sivarajah
... Tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that transfers the gamma phosphate group of ATP. In other words, tyrosine kinases catalyze the phosporylation of tyrosine residues. Signal transduction is a process by which our cell converts one kind of stimulus or signal into another. Furthermore, Kinase plays a role i ...
... Tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that transfers the gamma phosphate group of ATP. In other words, tyrosine kinases catalyze the phosporylation of tyrosine residues. Signal transduction is a process by which our cell converts one kind of stimulus or signal into another. Furthermore, Kinase plays a role i ...
9c63$$mr30 Black separation
... disease. In vitro, Treponema denticola produces a large number of purported virulence factors, including tissue-degrading enzymes, cytotoxic factors [13 – 21], and at least two types of proteins, which interact with selected host cells [22 – 24]. These factors, if functional in the in vivo environme ...
... disease. In vitro, Treponema denticola produces a large number of purported virulence factors, including tissue-degrading enzymes, cytotoxic factors [13 – 21], and at least two types of proteins, which interact with selected host cells [22 – 24]. These factors, if functional in the in vivo environme ...
Identification, Expression and Characterization of Archaeal
... 3.3.3.4. Homology Relation of Cop-5 Modular Domains with Known Prototype Proteins .................................................................................................................... 51 3.3.4. Comparative Molecular Modeling of Modular Domains of Cop-5................... 53 3.3.4.1. G ...
... 3.3.3.4. Homology Relation of Cop-5 Modular Domains with Known Prototype Proteins .................................................................................................................... 51 3.3.4. Comparative Molecular Modeling of Modular Domains of Cop-5................... 53 3.3.4.1. G ...
STING Millennium: a web-based suite of programs
... described above, but with alternative molecular image illustrations; and (iii) SMS simple web page designed for access by users having low resolution monitors and slow internet connections. SMS web page menu options have been designed and written in such a way so that a user may quickly find critica ...
... described above, but with alternative molecular image illustrations; and (iii) SMS simple web page designed for access by users having low resolution monitors and slow internet connections. SMS web page menu options have been designed and written in such a way so that a user may quickly find critica ...
Combining docking and molecular dynamic simulations in drug design
... understanding the dynamic behavior of proteins at different timescales, from fast internal motions to slow conformational changes or even protein folding processes.48 It is also possible to study the effect of explicit solvent molecules on protein structure and stability to obtain time-averaged prop ...
... understanding the dynamic behavior of proteins at different timescales, from fast internal motions to slow conformational changes or even protein folding processes.48 It is also possible to study the effect of explicit solvent molecules on protein structure and stability to obtain time-averaged prop ...
The Structure of Human Prions: From Biology to Structural Models
... Mutations in the PRNP gene can cause the development of prion diseases and lead to different clinical phenotypes, including CJD, GSS and FFI [28–30]. Mutations of the prion protein gene can be classified as: (1) point mutations (i.e., single nucleotide substitutions), which can cause an amino change ...
... Mutations in the PRNP gene can cause the development of prion diseases and lead to different clinical phenotypes, including CJD, GSS and FFI [28–30]. Mutations of the prion protein gene can be classified as: (1) point mutations (i.e., single nucleotide substitutions), which can cause an amino change ...
New cell-based HTRF® assays for the exploration of Wnt signaling
... APC, PP2A, GSK3 and CK1 α. Within this complex, phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK3 induces its ubiquitination followed by degradation. Conversely, binding of Wnt to its frizzled receptor leads to the disruption of the destruction complex, inducing the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus wh ...
... APC, PP2A, GSK3 and CK1 α. Within this complex, phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK3 induces its ubiquitination followed by degradation. Conversely, binding of Wnt to its frizzled receptor leads to the disruption of the destruction complex, inducing the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus wh ...
Cloning and sequencing of a gene encoding acidophilic amylase
... Agnano 101 (Buonocore et at., 1976) and A-2 (Kanno, 1986), and from Bacillus sp. 11-1s (Uchino, 1982). The pH optima of the three enzymes ranged from 2-0 to 3.5, temperature optima between 70 and 75 "C and apparent molecular masses from 54 to 68 kDa. The molecular mass of the B. acidocaldarius ATCC ...
... Agnano 101 (Buonocore et at., 1976) and A-2 (Kanno, 1986), and from Bacillus sp. 11-1s (Uchino, 1982). The pH optima of the three enzymes ranged from 2-0 to 3.5, temperature optima between 70 and 75 "C and apparent molecular masses from 54 to 68 kDa. The molecular mass of the B. acidocaldarius ATCC ...
STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS INTO NOVEL MICROBIAL METALLOENZYMES
... 2OG oxygenase, YcfD, and the novel microbial carbon-phosphorus (C-P) bond cleavage enzyme, PhnZ, are presented. In each case the identification of a metal ion cofactor and structure determination led to important functional insights. EcSI is encoded by a gene that is highly conserved among pathogeni ...
... 2OG oxygenase, YcfD, and the novel microbial carbon-phosphorus (C-P) bond cleavage enzyme, PhnZ, are presented. In each case the identification of a metal ion cofactor and structure determination led to important functional insights. EcSI is encoded by a gene that is highly conserved among pathogeni ...
TFE3 contains two activation domains, one acidic and the other
... (containing both activation domains), TFE3S (containing only the C-terminal activation domain) and TFE3L-ACterm (a truncated protein containing only the N-terminal activation domain). Plasmids encoding these proteins were cotransfected with a reporter dependent upon eight tandem (iE3 sites. Figure 2 ...
... (containing both activation domains), TFE3S (containing only the C-terminal activation domain) and TFE3L-ACterm (a truncated protein containing only the N-terminal activation domain). Plasmids encoding these proteins were cotransfected with a reporter dependent upon eight tandem (iE3 sites. Figure 2 ...
Protein–protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) refer to physical contacts established between two or more proteins as a result of biochemical events and/or electrostatic forces.In fact, proteins are vital macromolecules, at both cellular and systemic levels, but they rarely act alone. Diverse essential molecular processes within a cell are carried out by molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein components organized by their PPIs. Indeed, these interactions are at the core of the entire interactomics system of any living cell and so, unsurprisingly, aberrant PPIs are on the basis of multiple diseases, such as Creutzfeld-Jacob, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer.PPIs have been studied from different perspectives: biochemistry, quantum chemistry, molecular dynamics, signal transduction, among others. All this information enables the creation of large protein interaction networks – similar to metabolic or genetic/epigenetic networks – that empower the current knowledge on biochemical cascades and disease pathogenesis, as well as provide putative new therapeutic targets.