Soil biology and agriculture in the tropics
... The availability of extra resources under the canopy is not always supportive of seedling proliferation. Soil nutrients, as well as density and biomass of annual plants, underneath and outside the canopy of Porlieria chilensis shrubs were measured at the end of the growing season in an arid coastal ...
... The availability of extra resources under the canopy is not always supportive of seedling proliferation. Soil nutrients, as well as density and biomass of annual plants, underneath and outside the canopy of Porlieria chilensis shrubs were measured at the end of the growing season in an arid coastal ...
Soil Biology and Microbiology
... group of bacteria, and include organisms adapted to extreme environments (halophiles, termophiles etc.) They differ from the eubacteria in their membrane lipid composition and possession of introns in their genome. Eubacteria – literally “true bacteria” is a somewhat larger group of bacteria of vari ...
... group of bacteria, and include organisms adapted to extreme environments (halophiles, termophiles etc.) They differ from the eubacteria in their membrane lipid composition and possession of introns in their genome. Eubacteria – literally “true bacteria” is a somewhat larger group of bacteria of vari ...
New primary resource increases predation on a pest in a banana
... were ‘bare soil’ (banana plantation with bare soil, which is the traditional system) and ‘cover crop’ (banana plantation with a cover crop). Two banana cropping sites were selected: the first site was an experimental farm in Rivière Lézarde (60◦ 59 59 W; 14◦ 39 45 N) with a bare soil plot (3 ...
... were ‘bare soil’ (banana plantation with bare soil, which is the traditional system) and ‘cover crop’ (banana plantation with a cover crop). Two banana cropping sites were selected: the first site was an experimental farm in Rivière Lézarde (60◦ 59 59 W; 14◦ 39 45 N) with a bare soil plot (3 ...
Hierarchical effects of rainfall, nurse plants, granivory and seed
... Results: Seed banks did not occur in either of the plant communities, indicating that seed banks and seed dormancy do not affect senita recruitment and thereby do not modulate other mechanisms that contribute to nurse plant facilitation and cactus recruitment. Juvenile senita cacti were consistently ...
... Results: Seed banks did not occur in either of the plant communities, indicating that seed banks and seed dormancy do not affect senita recruitment and thereby do not modulate other mechanisms that contribute to nurse plant facilitation and cactus recruitment. Juvenile senita cacti were consistently ...
Author`s personal copy
... Mortality factors that act sequentially through the demographic transitions from seed to sapling may have critical effects on recruitment success. Understanding how habitat heterogeneity influences the causal factors that limit propagule establishment in natural populations is central to assess these ...
... Mortality factors that act sequentially through the demographic transitions from seed to sapling may have critical effects on recruitment success. Understanding how habitat heterogeneity influences the causal factors that limit propagule establishment in natural populations is central to assess these ...
Infertile seeds of Yucca schottii: a beneficial role for the plant in the
... higher its probability of survival and hence fitness. The latter statement can be extended to the adult moth: the more of its offspring that mature successfully, the higher its fitness. This relationship between yucca seeds and the fitness of both partners demonstrates the fundamental, short-term co ...
... higher its probability of survival and hence fitness. The latter statement can be extended to the adult moth: the more of its offspring that mature successfully, the higher its fitness. This relationship between yucca seeds and the fitness of both partners demonstrates the fundamental, short-term co ...
managing native grassland
... original state. A much larger area of native grassland is more modified, often dominated by one species of native grass, with a much lower diversity of other native herb species and often including a significant population of weeds. In some areas such modified grasslands are the only remaining nativ ...
... original state. A much larger area of native grassland is more modified, often dominated by one species of native grass, with a much lower diversity of other native herb species and often including a significant population of weeds. In some areas such modified grasslands are the only remaining nativ ...
Deer Mouse Preference for Seed of Commonly Planted Species
... All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish or other wildlife-if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides select ...
... All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish or other wildlife-if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides select ...
Biological Control of Phytopathogenic Fungi - e
... causing economic losses of billions of dollars per year [4]. For example, in Mexico an area of 22,136,741.58 hectares is planted with more than 200 cultivated species [5] and about 95,025 tons of pesticides per year are used [6]. The insecticides used are characterized by being wide spectrum and be ...
... causing economic losses of billions of dollars per year [4]. For example, in Mexico an area of 22,136,741.58 hectares is planted with more than 200 cultivated species [5] and about 95,025 tons of pesticides per year are used [6]. The insecticides used are characterized by being wide spectrum and be ...
Fruitful factors: what limits seed production of flowering plants in the
... 10 % of marked plants. We replaced destroyed plants by assigning the nearest plant to the appropriate treatment. Replacement plants flowered at about the same time as the original plants because we replaced them with plants at the same stage, and each treatment had similar proportions of plants dest ...
... 10 % of marked plants. We replaced destroyed plants by assigning the nearest plant to the appropriate treatment. Replacement plants flowered at about the same time as the original plants because we replaced them with plants at the same stage, and each treatment had similar proportions of plants dest ...
Pest Management Plan - Wellington City Council
... • large quantities of seed produced – Darwin’s barberry produces thousands of seeds • long periods of seed viability – some species are viable for more than 15 years • effective seed dispersal mechanisms – wind and birds are very effective for wide dispersal on land • wide environmental tolerance – ...
... • large quantities of seed produced – Darwin’s barberry produces thousands of seeds • long periods of seed viability – some species are viable for more than 15 years • effective seed dispersal mechanisms – wind and birds are very effective for wide dispersal on land • wide environmental tolerance – ...
Cover individual pages.pub - Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants
... The mission of the AERF, a not for profit foundation, is to support research and development which provides strategies and techniques for the environmentally and scientifically sound management, conservation and restoration of aquatic ecosystems. One of the ways the Foundation accomplishes the missi ...
... The mission of the AERF, a not for profit foundation, is to support research and development which provides strategies and techniques for the environmentally and scientifically sound management, conservation and restoration of aquatic ecosystems. One of the ways the Foundation accomplishes the missi ...
The seedling as part of a plant`s life history strategy
... might reflect a slower metabolic rate in large-seeded species (Green & Juniper, 2004b). This slower metabolic rate would allow seedlings to persist for longer on a given amount of reserves in times of carbon stress. As is often the case, it is likely that all of these mechanisms contribute to the gre ...
... might reflect a slower metabolic rate in large-seeded species (Green & Juniper, 2004b). This slower metabolic rate would allow seedlings to persist for longer on a given amount of reserves in times of carbon stress. As is often the case, it is likely that all of these mechanisms contribute to the gre ...
Native Vegetation: Vegetation Gain Approach
... example, control of any threats such as grazing that could otherwise damage the native vegetation must already be agreed. Typical actions leading to an improvement gain include reducing or eliminating environmental weeds, enhancement planting or revegetation over a 10-year management period. If the ...
... example, control of any threats such as grazing that could otherwise damage the native vegetation must already be agreed. Typical actions leading to an improvement gain include reducing or eliminating environmental weeds, enhancement planting or revegetation over a 10-year management period. If the ...
Ecological Focus Area choices and their potential impacts on
... species), if the crop is kept in the ground for a year to several years, cutting is avoided during the summer and pesticides are not applied. In addition, nitrogen-fixing grain legume crops such as peas and beans may develop weed densities that will provide some more modest biodiversity benefits for ...
... species), if the crop is kept in the ground for a year to several years, cutting is avoided during the summer and pesticides are not applied. In addition, nitrogen-fixing grain legume crops such as peas and beans may develop weed densities that will provide some more modest biodiversity benefits for ...
Seed Predators and Plant Population Dynamics
... Sala, 1997). Thus, quite large changes in the seed predation rate may have no measurable impact on plant recruitment, at least in the short term. Herbaceous perennials often show wide variation in the proportion of individuals producing seeds in any year (Eriksson, 1989) and in the proportion of ram ...
... Sala, 1997). Thus, quite large changes in the seed predation rate may have no measurable impact on plant recruitment, at least in the short term. Herbaceous perennials often show wide variation in the proportion of individuals producing seeds in any year (Eriksson, 1989) and in the proportion of ram ...
MS Word - Invasive.Org
... infestations. Early detection of new colonies and an aggressive manual, mechanical or chemical control program may eradicate new colonies. No biological control methods are available and thorough integrated weed management techniques have not yet been developed to manage large infestations of P. rec ...
... infestations. Early detection of new colonies and an aggressive manual, mechanical or chemical control program may eradicate new colonies. No biological control methods are available and thorough integrated weed management techniques have not yet been developed to manage large infestations of P. rec ...
... nature of putative allelochemicals involved. Germination bioassays revealed that leaves harboured the strongest allelopathic potential (potency). Water extracts (infusions) caused greater growth inhibition of the test species than hexane extracts. Osmolalities of the water infusions were tested and ...
Integrated Management of Vertebrate Pests in Alfalfa
... or in alfalfa being produced organically, traps can be used. Control efforts should be concentrated in late winter to early spring when the alfalfa is breaking dormancy and before the gophers have given birth. Pocket gophers should be controlled around the perimeters as well as within the fields to ...
... or in alfalfa being produced organically, traps can be used. Control efforts should be concentrated in late winter to early spring when the alfalfa is breaking dormancy and before the gophers have given birth. Pocket gophers should be controlled around the perimeters as well as within the fields to ...
How important are environmental maternal effects in plants? A study
... 1 Previous studies have reported significant influences of maternal environment on offspring fitness in plants. We investigated the early plant development from seeds of Centaurea maculosa plants grown in four environments of increasing severity: (1) control; (2) herbivory; (3) herbivory + nutrient ...
... 1 Previous studies have reported significant influences of maternal environment on offspring fitness in plants. We investigated the early plant development from seeds of Centaurea maculosa plants grown in four environments of increasing severity: (1) control; (2) herbivory; (3) herbivory + nutrient ...
Seed size, growth rate and gap microsite
... samples were excavated using a 6-cm deep, 10.3 cm diameter open-ended soil corer flanked with an aluminium collar that prevented soil from falling into the core hole. The core was subdivided into 0–1 cm, 1– 3 cm and 3–6 cm deep subsamples that were measured volumetrically in the field. Samples were ...
... samples were excavated using a 6-cm deep, 10.3 cm diameter open-ended soil corer flanked with an aluminium collar that prevented soil from falling into the core hole. The core was subdivided into 0–1 cm, 1– 3 cm and 3–6 cm deep subsamples that were measured volumetrically in the field. Samples were ...
Plant nitrogen-use strategy as a driver of
... variables were measured at the individual pot rather than the plant species level. Both models considered the log abundance of AOA and AOB amoA genes as distinct response variables, assuming a bivariate-normal distribution with kingdom-specific (i.e. archaeal versus bacterial) variances and one resi ...
... variables were measured at the individual pot rather than the plant species level. Both models considered the log abundance of AOA and AOB amoA genes as distinct response variables, assuming a bivariate-normal distribution with kingdom-specific (i.e. archaeal versus bacterial) variances and one resi ...
MN Rangelands final
... and animal species. Some rangelands are designated as special protection areas for wildlife. The varied topography, scenic landscapes, and vast openness of rangelands are valuable to lots of people for recreation and tourism activities. Common recreational activities include hunting, camping, mou ...
... and animal species. Some rangelands are designated as special protection areas for wildlife. The varied topography, scenic landscapes, and vast openness of rangelands are valuable to lots of people for recreation and tourism activities. Common recreational activities include hunting, camping, mou ...
Stay below water! - A Strategy to avoid Seed Predators
... predators and pathogens may enable a patchy distribution. Seed survival and germination within the Aguajal have not been studied. A fruit that falls from the parent will end up in the heterogeneous environment of the Aguajal. It may become buried in mud as it falls from over 30 meter, or be trampled ...
... predators and pathogens may enable a patchy distribution. Seed survival and germination within the Aguajal have not been studied. A fruit that falls from the parent will end up in the heterogeneous environment of the Aguajal. It may become buried in mud as it falls from over 30 meter, or be trampled ...
MF2222 Biological control of Insect Pests on Field Crops in Kansas
... and less expensive to produce than others. Inoculative releases may be less expensive than inundative releases if the timing and conditions are right. Other less obvious factors also have to be considered, especially when comparing the release of natural enemies to the use of pesticides. These inclu ...
... and less expensive to produce than others. Inoculative releases may be less expensive than inundative releases if the timing and conditions are right. Other less obvious factors also have to be considered, especially when comparing the release of natural enemies to the use of pesticides. These inclu ...