6 marks
... adjacent layers. Example is TCP/IP. TCP is connection-oriented protocol that lies in transport layer (layer 4), IP is connectionless that lies in network layer (layer-3). c) What is the main difference between TCP and UDP protocols? Give an example of a service these protocols can support? (6 marks) ...
... adjacent layers. Example is TCP/IP. TCP is connection-oriented protocol that lies in transport layer (layer 4), IP is connectionless that lies in network layer (layer-3). c) What is the main difference between TCP and UDP protocols? Give an example of a service these protocols can support? (6 marks) ...
Performance Metric
... • Routing: process of forwarding messages to the destination node based on its address • Types of addresses – unicast: node-specific – broadcast: all nodes on the network – multicast: some subset of nodes on the network ...
... • Routing: process of forwarding messages to the destination node based on its address • Types of addresses – unicast: node-specific – broadcast: all nodes on the network – multicast: some subset of nodes on the network ...
Review of IP protocol
... • position of fragment of user data in original datagram • in multiples of 64 bits (8 octets) ...
... • position of fragment of user data in original datagram • in multiples of 64 bits (8 octets) ...
Introduction - University of Limerick
... Modulation (DPWM) circuitry to support such switching frequencies is possible in modern CMOS processes. The digital SMPC approach may also be successfully extended to isolated power converters. This invention describes an enhanced bidirectional digital communication scheme for use in isolated AC-DC ...
... Modulation (DPWM) circuitry to support such switching frequencies is possible in modern CMOS processes. The digital SMPC approach may also be successfully extended to isolated power converters. This invention describes an enhanced bidirectional digital communication scheme for use in isolated AC-DC ...
Slide Set 1
... Depending on the used physical interface, the start of an incoming data packet needs to be detected, to then bytewise translate this data into an internal representation as shown in the following figure which is stored in local buffers. Upon detecting the packet's end, the internal representatio ...
... Depending on the used physical interface, the start of an incoming data packet needs to be detected, to then bytewise translate this data into an internal representation as shown in the following figure which is stored in local buffers. Upon detecting the packet's end, the internal representatio ...
Chapter 3 Data Link Layer
... Data link layer topics Data Link layer protocols Preparing data for transmission Media access control methods Logical network topologies Encapsulating packets into frames Layer 2 frame structure and header and trailer fields ...
... Data link layer topics Data Link layer protocols Preparing data for transmission Media access control methods Logical network topologies Encapsulating packets into frames Layer 2 frame structure and header and trailer fields ...
Chapter 1: A First Look at Windows 2000 Professional
... Groups related tasks and requirements OSI model provides theoretical frame of reference Clarifies ...
... Groups related tasks and requirements OSI model provides theoretical frame of reference Clarifies ...
CN Question Bank-3 - E
... 9 Which type of channel it is where the number of users are stable and the traffic is not bursts? (1) static (2) dynamic (3) both a and b 10 With Slotted Aloha, a …………. sends out small clock tick packets to the outlying stations. (1) centralized clock (2) decentralized clock (3) none 11 If there is ...
... 9 Which type of channel it is where the number of users are stable and the traffic is not bursts? (1) static (2) dynamic (3) both a and b 10 With Slotted Aloha, a …………. sends out small clock tick packets to the outlying stations. (1) centralized clock (2) decentralized clock (3) none 11 If there is ...
Networking Fundamentals
... • This layer provides transparent transfer of data between end systems, or hosts, and is responsible for end-to-end error recovery and flow control. It ensures complete data transfer. • Layer 4 data units are also called packets, but when you're talking about specific protocols, like TCP, they're "s ...
... • This layer provides transparent transfer of data between end systems, or hosts, and is responsible for end-to-end error recovery and flow control. It ensures complete data transfer. • Layer 4 data units are also called packets, but when you're talking about specific protocols, like TCP, they're "s ...
ppt
... • Recursive behavior: One very desirable property of the layered architecture is that the dependency graph is acyclic. – This makes testing and verification simple. – Also the lower layer is in a consistent state w.r.t. the upper layers within each function. However, if upcalls are allowed, the syst ...
... • Recursive behavior: One very desirable property of the layered architecture is that the dependency graph is acyclic. – This makes testing and verification simple. – Also the lower layer is in a consistent state w.r.t. the upper layers within each function. However, if upcalls are allowed, the syst ...
Chapter 4 : TCP/IP and OSI
... within the computer to allow support for multiple applications (service access points, or SAP) ...
... within the computer to allow support for multiple applications (service access points, or SAP) ...
Sisteme cu microprocesoare
... Each layer offers a set of communication services There are layers with one type of service (in the Internet the network layer is only IP), or layers with different types of services (e.g. for transport layer: TCP - connection-oriented service and UDP – service with no connection) Higher layers acce ...
... Each layer offers a set of communication services There are layers with one type of service (in the Internet the network layer is only IP), or layers with different types of services (e.g. for transport layer: TCP - connection-oriented service and UDP – service with no connection) Higher layers acce ...
Chapter 6
... An Opening Flag is a sequence of 8-bits, which marks the beginning of a packet, followed by a 16- or 32-bit Station Address. One to two bytes of control information describe the type of HDLC frame, routing parameters, and other packet identifiers. The variable Data Field or Raw Data is now inserted, ...
... An Opening Flag is a sequence of 8-bits, which marks the beginning of a packet, followed by a 16- or 32-bit Station Address. One to two bytes of control information describe the type of HDLC frame, routing parameters, and other packet identifiers. The variable Data Field or Raw Data is now inserted, ...
Chapter 02 - Communicating Over The Network
... Data is divided into smaller parts during transmission – Segmentation (分割) The benefits of doing so: - Many different conversations can be interleaved on the network. The process used to interleave the pieces of separate conversations together on the network is called multiplexing (多工 ...
... Data is divided into smaller parts during transmission – Segmentation (分割) The benefits of doing so: - Many different conversations can be interleaved on the network. The process used to interleave the pieces of separate conversations together on the network is called multiplexing (多工 ...
Chapter 11
... It lacks most of the features of FTP. It cannot list directories and currently has no provisions for user authentication. TFTP is used on the router to transfer configuration files and Cisco IOS images and to transfer files between systems. ...
... It lacks most of the features of FTP. It cannot list directories and currently has no provisions for user authentication. TFTP is used on the router to transfer configuration files and Cisco IOS images and to transfer files between systems. ...
Flow control
... • Problems with PPP byte stuffing – Size of frame varies unpredictably due to byte insertion – Malicious users can inflate bandwidth by inserting 7D & 7E ...
... • Problems with PPP byte stuffing – Size of frame varies unpredictably due to byte insertion – Malicious users can inflate bandwidth by inserting 7D & 7E ...
View/Open
... Frame loss occurs when one or more frame of data travelling across a computer network fail to reach their destination. This frame loss can be caused by a number of factors including signal degradation over the network medium due to multi-path fading, packet drop because of channel congestion , corru ...
... Frame loss occurs when one or more frame of data travelling across a computer network fail to reach their destination. This frame loss can be caused by a number of factors including signal degradation over the network medium due to multi-path fading, packet drop because of channel congestion , corru ...