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statement of risk - ACT Department of Treasury
statement of risk - ACT Department of Treasury

... estimate of the liability and this can result in actuarial gains or losses when the claims experience differs from the estimates. The liabilities are discounted to allow for the time value of money as claims may be settled many years after the claim is incurred. Sensitivity to Discount Rate The outs ...
AP Macro Study Guide - Phoenix Union High School District
AP Macro Study Guide - Phoenix Union High School District

... then they can get a chance to prepare for the damages that the inflation may cause. For example, a person who has a fixed nominal income can try to adjust it if they know that its value is going to decrease. Many unions have labor contracts with cost-ofliving adjustment (COLA) clauses, in which work ...
What lessons from the 1930s? - Centre for European Policy Studies
What lessons from the 1930s? - Centre for European Policy Studies

... he overarching concern of policy-makers dealing with the financial crisis on both sides of the Atlantic is to avoid a repeat of the policy errors that contributed to the severity of the downturn in the 1930s. The lessons from the Great Depression for monetary policy and for the banking sector seem c ...
Investment
Investment

... Hill for $2m. in cash, with no transaction costs. (assume no tax consequences as well). If McGraw Hill did not retire it, it would use the $2,000,000 in cash to buy back some of its stock on the open market, also with no transaction costs. Investors expect McGraw Hill to buy back some of their stock ...
What Lessons from the 1930s?
What Lessons from the 1930s?

... he overarching concern of policy-makers dealing with the financial crisis on both sides of the Atlantic is to avoid a repeat of the policy errors that contributed to the severity of the downturn in the 1930s. The lessons from the Great Depression for monetary policy and for the banking sector seem c ...
AMG River Road Focused Absolute Value Fund1
AMG River Road Focused Absolute Value Fund1

... A greater percentage of the Fund’s holdings may be focused in a smaller number of securities which may place the Fund at greater risk than a more diversified fund. Investments in international securities are subject to certain risks of overseas investing including currency fluctuations and changes i ...
The Future of Brunei Darussalam
The Future of Brunei Darussalam

... • Current Prosperity in NBD due to bountiful oil & gas resources & small population leading to high levels of govt spending on large civil service, social programs & infrastructure development • However many concerns – increasing population, decreasing oil production, increasing use of future invest ...
Ch. 10: National Debt
Ch. 10: National Debt

... but failed in the US Senate ...
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OCR GCSE (9-1) Geography B Dynamic Development Learner
OCR GCSE (9-1) Geography B Dynamic Development Learner

... Probability of dying between birth and exactly one year of age expressed per 1,000 live births. ...
December 25, 2015
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... lobby group CBI. Expectations had been for a reading of 21. The British economy gained 0.4% over the previous quarter. Year over year, GDP grew 2.1%. In the Eurozone, consumer confidence improved to -5.7 beating estimates of -5.9. The index reached its highest level since the summer and the latest r ...
Universalizing Social Protection in India: Issues and Challenges
Universalizing Social Protection in India: Issues and Challenges

... A couple of occupation-specific schemes were also initiated by the central government. One is the scheme for handloom weavers and artisans, providing a thrift fund, insurance for illness, maternity, accident and loss of dwelling and a pension plan restricted to master craftsmen. The other was the Kr ...
problem set 1
problem set 1

... Economists often examine percentage changes in variables. The percentage change in real GDP from one year to the next, for example, represents economic growth during that year. The percentage change in the CPI or in the GDP deflator measure the rate of inflation for that year. The percentage change ...
Floating rate Term Deposits
Floating rate Term Deposits

... benchmark. When interest rate increases, the outflow on the housing loan will be higher, but so will the inflow from the floating rate deposit. Banks normally do not offer such products, as they do not have the technology to support them. The reason that floating rate of interest is now being offere ...
Ch - Pearson Canada
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... value of all cash flows, up to the end of period t, compounded at the rate,i'. A term used throughout this text to mean "investment opportunity." The minimum acceptable rate of return when cash flows are expressed in real, or constant, dollars. For pairs of projects in this category, the expected co ...
austrian stability programme for the period 1998 to 2002 5
austrian stability programme for the period 1998 to 2002 5

... measures which account for approximately 1½% of GDP, but was caused by some partly one-off additional factors. The hospital financing reforms show positive results. The social security budget was in better balance than expected as a result of a marked fall in the sickness figures. Organisational mea ...
Individual investment behaviour: a brief review of research (PDF
Individual investment behaviour: a brief review of research (PDF

Economics 201
Economics 201

... over the period. This is not surprising at all, at the same time the number of people in the labor force is also increasing over time. However, the LFPR rises a little in 2000, then declines by over 1%. This is a fairly significant decline. To see why let’s look at what the size of the labor force w ...
Bank of England Inflation Report February 2007
Bank of England Inflation Report February 2007

... Sources: Labour Force Survey and Bank calculations. (a) Percentage of the working-age population. Three-month moving average measure. This measure weights together the different types of non-employed by a proxy of their likelihood of finding work based on transition rates into employment derived fro ...
Germany - European Commission
Germany - European Commission

... will take effect in 2020. Moreover, extending consulting services on infrastructure investment planning to include municipalities should improve the planning and implementation of infrastructure investment at municipal level. This appears particularly relevant given that infrastructure investment pr ...
Long-lasting consequences of the European crisis - ECB
Long-lasting consequences of the European crisis - ECB

... nominal and real wage rigidities, lead unemployment to increase and persist at high levels. In particular, the model highlights the following: • As population growth falls, the natural interest rate falls, since there are fewer young people demanding credit, and expected transfers to the old genera ...
Chapter 14 Key Question Solutions
Chapter 14 Key Question Solutions

... Land is completely fixed in total supply. As population expands and the demand for land increases, rent first appears and then grows. From society’s perspective this rent is a surplus payment unnecessary for ensuring that the land is available to the economy as a whole. If rent declined or disappear ...
Solutions to the debt crisis in the EU from the Slovak
Solutions to the debt crisis in the EU from the Slovak

... The Eurozone was built as a monetary union with limited fiscal transfers from cohesion and structural funds. It did not assume massive fiscal transfers enabling to solve macroeconomic imbalances of particular members. However, the economic integration fueled by common currency intensified to the le ...
Monthly meeting_2010..
Monthly meeting_2010..

... Market Watch/Research 1. Follow up the evolution of financial market 2. Seek opportunity to create other asset class ...
Economy in Brief
Economy in Brief

< 1 ... 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 ... 371 >

Pensions crisis

The pensions crisis is a predicted difficulty in paying for corporate, state, and federal pensions in the United States and Europe, due to a difference between pension obligations and the resources set aside to fund them. Shifting demographics are causing a lower ratio of workers per retiree; contributing factors include retirees living longer (increasing the relative number of retirees), and lower birth rates (decreasing the relative number of workers, especially relative to the Post-WW2 Baby Boom). There is significant debate regarding the magnitude and importance of the problem, as well as the solutions.For example, as of 2008, the estimates for the underfunding of U.S. states' pension programs range from $1 trillion using the discount rate of 8% to $3.23 trillion using U.S. Treasury bond yields as the discount rate. The present value of unfunded obligations under Social Security as of August 2010 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the program's shortfall between tax revenues and payouts over the next 75 years.Some economists question the concept of funding, and, therefore underfunding. Storing funds by governments, in the form of fiat currencies, is the functional equivalent of storing a collection of their own IOUs. They will be equally inflationary to newly written ones when they do come to be used.Reform ideas are in three primary categories: a) Addressing the worker-retiree ratio, via raising the retirement age, employment policy and immigration policy; b) Reducing obligations via shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution pension types and reducing future payment amounts (by, for example, adjusting the formula that determines the level of benefits); and c) Increasing resources to fund pensions via increasing contribution rates and raising taxes.
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