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Quiz: Introductory Macroeconomics
Quiz: Introductory Macroeconomics

... government was increasing taxes, we could expect a. an increase in interest rates and real GDP. b. a decrease in interest rates and real GDP. c. a decrease in interest rates but the effect on real GDP is indeterminant. d. an increase in interest rates but the effect on real GDP is indeterminant. ...
The consumption function
The consumption function

kennedy
kennedy

... 4. Forecasting i rate relies mainly on forecasting inflation and central bank reactions 5. Reduce i rate by reducing money growth 6. Beware using nominal i rate as a policy target 7. Bad economic news increases bond prices 8. International roles to be discussed later. ...
Keynesian Macroeconomics: Aggregate Demand and the Multiplier
Keynesian Macroeconomics: Aggregate Demand and the Multiplier

... The first two are consciously planned (although plans can change, and typically do during a recession); inventory investment can be unplanned -- if a store fails to sell what it had expected to, it winds up with more inventory than it had expected. Stores with unplanned inventory investment will cut ...
Economics 101 - uc
Economics 101 - uc

... b) Which country will have the faster rate of growth of output per worker in the steady state? 3) China’s real per-person GDP growth rate (percent change in output) has been much greater than that in the U.S. in the last decade. For example, China grew about 8% last year, compared to about 5% for th ...
Should We Extend the Role of Private Social Expenditure?
Should We Extend the Role of Private Social Expenditure?

... ‘Government’ includes both central and local government, and also those bodies such as social insurance funds which are formally separate from government, but which in practice are controlled by tight government regulation. SNA93 guidelines are followed in these cases. Income transfers include old-a ...
SU12_2630_Assign3_An..
SU12_2630_Assign3_An..

... reserves in order to decrease interest rates by 2%? The money multiplier in this economy is 2.5 (1/RR = 1/0.4), so for every $1 billion increase in bank reserves the money supply increases by $2.5 billion. To decrease interest rates by 2%, the FED needs to increase the money supply by $5 billion. To ...
Economics 3334 – Intermediate Macroeconomics
Economics 3334 – Intermediate Macroeconomics

... f. (3 pts) The Fed decides that they want to keep output at the original level of Y*. Should the Fed raise or lower the money supply? How does this change in the money supply affect the LM curve? Show it on the IS/LM diagram from part c). ...
Mr. Mojmir Mrak
Mr. Mojmir Mrak

... entered into the crisis resolution process this time while others, such as rating agencies, have performed an increasingly contradictory role  While EE were the main victims of 1980s and 1990s crises, in the current crisis this role is being taken over by financial institutions in the developed wor ...
OSFI`s approach can be defined as: Reliance based
OSFI`s approach can be defined as: Reliance based

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Inflation Report February 2005
Inflation Report February 2005

... private sector hours worked; qualitatively similar results are obtained with a heads measure of employment. (b) The higher the elasticity of substitution, the easier it is for companies to switch capital for labour and vice versa. For more details on these production functions see Ellis, C and Price ...
Name: Date: ______ 1. A nation`s gross domestic product (GDP): A
Name: Date: ______ 1. A nation`s gross domestic product (GDP): A

... 20. Refer to the above diagram. If aggregate supply shifts from AS 1 to AS2 , then the price level will: A) increase and real domestic output will increase. B) decrease and real domestic output will increase. C) increase and real domestic output will decrease. D) decrease and real domestic output wi ...
Problem Set #1 Solutions
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... Tighter trade restrictions (such as higher tariffs, smaller quotas, or more arduous requirements for imports) will likely be met with reciprocal trade restrictions in foreign markets that will reduce exports, so that in the end NX isn’t boosted much—if at all. ...
Income Drawdown Plan - Home | Capita Financial
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chapter20 - YSU
chapter20 - YSU

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Bernard Daly – ESOPS And The Irish Crisis - Co
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... Unemployment is high at 14.5% and is not projected to decrease very much Population increase of 8% between 2006 and 2010 10% of population born outside the State Emigration has recommenced but our well educated workforce is now more mobile National debt to peak 118% of GDP by 2013 with strong possib ...
Spring, 2006
Spring, 2006

... with their initial steady-state values? (You can try to draw some graphs, like what we did in class, to demonstrate the dynamics of these growth rates. Here we concern growth rates not levels.) Answer: ...
Quantitative Techniques and Financial Mathematics
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... To calculate the present value,we discount the expected payoff by the rate of return offered by equivalent investment alternatives in the capital or financial markets.This rate of return is often called as discount rate,hurdle rate or oppurtunity cost of capital. It is referred to as oppurtunity cos ...
Market Focus –IMF calls for rebalancing of world growth
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Reformulating the Support Ratio to Reflect Asset Income and Transfers
Reformulating the Support Ratio to Reflect Asset Income and Transfers

... quantity-quality mechanism described in the economic theory of fertility and observed in practice across the transition (Becker, 1981; Lee and Mason, 2011). Our focus here, however, is on asset accumulation and in a closed economy at least, capital accumulation. Whether or not one is convinced by th ...
Quantitative Techniques and Financial Mathematics
Quantitative Techniques and Financial Mathematics

... To calculate the present value,we discount the expected payoff by the rate of return offered by equivalent investment alternatives in the capital or financial markets.This rate of return is often called as discount rate,hurdle rate or oppurtunity cost of capital. It is referred to as oppurtunity cos ...
Quantitative Techniques and Financial Mathematics
Quantitative Techniques and Financial Mathematics

... To calculate the present value,we discount the expected payoff by the rate of return offered by equivalent investment alternatives in the capital or financial markets.This rate of return is often called as discount rate,hurdle rate or oppurtunity cost of capital. It is referred to as oppurtunity cos ...
CIS March 2013 Exam Diet Examination Paper 2.1:
CIS March 2013 Exam Diet Examination Paper 2.1:

... At the peak of the recent global economic crises, European governments, as well as the U.S. government, reacted to the massive economic downturn with ambitious expansionary fiscal policy programs including tax cuts as well as massive expenditure increases for infrastructure projects and for social p ...
Answer Key
Answer Key

... increase the interest rate from 6% to 8%. If the interest rate increases from 6% to 8%, then investment spending will drop from $60 billion to $50 billion i.e. a fall of $10 billion. c) $860 billion. With a multiplier of 4, GDP will decrease by $40 billion (4 x $10) to new lower level of $860 billio ...
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Slide 1

... CHAPTER EIGHT NOTES-AP I. THIS CHAPTER SHOWS ILLUSTRATIONS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND THE INSTABILITIES OF THE BUSINESS CYCLE, UNEMPLOYMENT AND INFLATION. II. ECONOMIC GROWTH-HOW TO INCREASE THE ECONOMY’S PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OVER TIME A. TWO DEFINITIONS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH 1. INCREASE IN REAL GDP 2. INCR ...
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Pensions crisis

The pensions crisis is a predicted difficulty in paying for corporate, state, and federal pensions in the United States and Europe, due to a difference between pension obligations and the resources set aside to fund them. Shifting demographics are causing a lower ratio of workers per retiree; contributing factors include retirees living longer (increasing the relative number of retirees), and lower birth rates (decreasing the relative number of workers, especially relative to the Post-WW2 Baby Boom). There is significant debate regarding the magnitude and importance of the problem, as well as the solutions.For example, as of 2008, the estimates for the underfunding of U.S. states' pension programs range from $1 trillion using the discount rate of 8% to $3.23 trillion using U.S. Treasury bond yields as the discount rate. The present value of unfunded obligations under Social Security as of August 2010 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the program's shortfall between tax revenues and payouts over the next 75 years.Some economists question the concept of funding, and, therefore underfunding. Storing funds by governments, in the form of fiat currencies, is the functional equivalent of storing a collection of their own IOUs. They will be equally inflationary to newly written ones when they do come to be used.Reform ideas are in three primary categories: a) Addressing the worker-retiree ratio, via raising the retirement age, employment policy and immigration policy; b) Reducing obligations via shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution pension types and reducing future payment amounts (by, for example, adjusting the formula that determines the level of benefits); and c) Increasing resources to fund pensions via increasing contribution rates and raising taxes.
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