Jeopardy
... ATG is a section of DNA. What would the codon and anti-codon look like for that 3 base code? ...
... ATG is a section of DNA. What would the codon and anti-codon look like for that 3 base code? ...
Handout
... The process repeats so that one amino acid is added at a time to the growing polypeptide (which is always anchored to a tRNA bound within the ribosome) The polypeptide continues to grow until the ribosome reaches a stop codon At the stop codon, the polypeptide chain is released from the last tRNA an ...
... The process repeats so that one amino acid is added at a time to the growing polypeptide (which is always anchored to a tRNA bound within the ribosome) The polypeptide continues to grow until the ribosome reaches a stop codon At the stop codon, the polypeptide chain is released from the last tRNA an ...
Exam #2 KEY
... 11. A new inhibitor of prokaryotic protein synthesis, Vikocyde, has been discovered in the skin of the Atlantic salmon. In the presence of Vikocyde, protein synthesis in E. coli initiates, but only dipeptides (two amino acids linked together) are formed, and these remain bound to the ribosomes. Viko ...
... 11. A new inhibitor of prokaryotic protein synthesis, Vikocyde, has been discovered in the skin of the Atlantic salmon. In the presence of Vikocyde, protein synthesis in E. coli initiates, but only dipeptides (two amino acids linked together) are formed, and these remain bound to the ribosomes. Viko ...
DNA and RNA Part 2 Protein Synthesis
... 2. As the DNA molecule unzips, RNA polymerase assembles RNA nucleotides using one strand of the DNA as a template. 3. Only the 3’ 5’ template strand of DNA is transcribed. The RNA complimentary strand grows in the 5’ 3’ direction. ...
... 2. As the DNA molecule unzips, RNA polymerase assembles RNA nucleotides using one strand of the DNA as a template. 3. Only the 3’ 5’ template strand of DNA is transcribed. The RNA complimentary strand grows in the 5’ 3’ direction. ...
EF-G-GTP
... will end up in the P site & that no other aa-tRNA can bind in the A site during initiation. IF-2 is a small GTP-binding protein. IF-2-GTP binds the initiator tRNAfMet & helps it to dock with the small ribosome subunit. ...
... will end up in the P site & that no other aa-tRNA can bind in the A site during initiation. IF-2 is a small GTP-binding protein. IF-2-GTP binds the initiator tRNAfMet & helps it to dock with the small ribosome subunit. ...
From Gene to Protein I.
... nonoverlapping three-nucleotide words. C. During transcription, one DNA strand, the template strand, provides a template for building the RNA transcript. ...
... nonoverlapping three-nucleotide words. C. During transcription, one DNA strand, the template strand, provides a template for building the RNA transcript. ...
File
... *Turn in Central Dogma HW and Gizmo to Front Tray by 2 min. Catalyst (5 min): 1. What are the 3 processes included in the ...
... *Turn in Central Dogma HW and Gizmo to Front Tray by 2 min. Catalyst (5 min): 1. What are the 3 processes included in the ...
DNA NOTES
... 19. In the cytoplasm, mRNA attaches to a ________________. The ________________, with its attached mRNA, is now ready to synthesize a __________________. 20. During Translation, a __________ molecule transfers an _____________________to the ribosome. Each new ______________________links with the pre ...
... 19. In the cytoplasm, mRNA attaches to a ________________. The ________________, with its attached mRNA, is now ready to synthesize a __________________. 20. During Translation, a __________ molecule transfers an _____________________to the ribosome. Each new ______________________links with the pre ...
Lecture 15: Translation and Transcription
... 5’ end (3rd base) can hydrogen bond with more than one kind of base in the 3rd position (3’) of the codon iv. Some tRNAs contain a modified base called inosine (I) which is in the antocodon’s wobble position v. Inosine can base pair with U, C and A (not G) tRNA Anticodon mRNA Codon Amino Acid CCI GG ...
... 5’ end (3rd base) can hydrogen bond with more than one kind of base in the 3rd position (3’) of the codon iv. Some tRNAs contain a modified base called inosine (I) which is in the antocodon’s wobble position v. Inosine can base pair with U, C and A (not G) tRNA Anticodon mRNA Codon Amino Acid CCI GG ...
Chapter Three The Biological Basis of Life
... and associated proteins. During normal cell functions, chromosomes exist as single-stranded structures. During cell division, chromosomes consist of two strands of DNA joined at the centromere. Since the DNA molecules have replicated, one strand of a chromosome is an exact copy of the ...
... and associated proteins. During normal cell functions, chromosomes exist as single-stranded structures. During cell division, chromosomes consist of two strands of DNA joined at the centromere. Since the DNA molecules have replicated, one strand of a chromosome is an exact copy of the ...
Chap 3 - Workforce3One
... by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. The solution was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor. The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or imp ...
... by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. The solution was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor. The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or imp ...
Review Materials for Gene to Protein and DNA
... A portion of the genetic code is UUU = phenylalanine, GCC = alanine, AAA = lysine, and CCC = proline. Assume the correct code places the amino acids phenylalanine, alanine, and lysine in a protein (in that order). Which of the following DNA sequences would substitute proline for alanine? ...
... A portion of the genetic code is UUU = phenylalanine, GCC = alanine, AAA = lysine, and CCC = proline. Assume the correct code places the amino acids phenylalanine, alanine, and lysine in a protein (in that order). Which of the following DNA sequences would substitute proline for alanine? ...
DNA RNA Lecture Website
... 2. There are ___ different nucleotides (since there are four different nitrogenous bases). three nucleotides in 3. It was discovered that ______________ amino acid sequence must specify each __________. This would provide for ___ 64 possible combinations of amino acids. triplet of nucleotides is cal ...
... 2. There are ___ different nucleotides (since there are four different nitrogenous bases). three nucleotides in 3. It was discovered that ______________ amino acid sequence must specify each __________. This would provide for ___ 64 possible combinations of amino acids. triplet of nucleotides is cal ...
Translation
... • tRNA first hypothesized by Francis Crick. • Small RNA chain that transfers a specific amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain in the ribosome • Has a 3' terminal site for amino acids (whose linkage depends on aminoacyl tRNA synthetase). • Contains a three base region called the anticodon that co ...
... • tRNA first hypothesized by Francis Crick. • Small RNA chain that transfers a specific amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain in the ribosome • Has a 3' terminal site for amino acids (whose linkage depends on aminoacyl tRNA synthetase). • Contains a three base region called the anticodon that co ...
From Gene to Protein
... treated as exons during RNA splicing, called alternative RNA splicing. Because of alternative splicing, the number of different proteins an organism can produce is much greater than its number of genes. Proteins often have a modular architecture consisting of discrete regions called domains. In many ...
... treated as exons during RNA splicing, called alternative RNA splicing. Because of alternative splicing, the number of different proteins an organism can produce is much greater than its number of genes. Proteins often have a modular architecture consisting of discrete regions called domains. In many ...
gelfand-genetic-code
... recently synthesized proteins (may be enzymatically removed later on) • Has three codons: AUG, GUG, UUG – unlike “inernal” methionine encoded only by AUG – by the way, internal GUG encodes Valine and internal UUG encodes Leucine ...
... recently synthesized proteins (may be enzymatically removed later on) • Has three codons: AUG, GUG, UUG – unlike “inernal” methionine encoded only by AUG – by the way, internal GUG encodes Valine and internal UUG encodes Leucine ...
An enzyme within the ribosome catalyzes a synthesis reaction to
... • Posttranscriptional processing modifies mRNA before it leaves nucleus by removing introns (non-coding) and then splicing exons (coding) together with enzymes called spliceosomes – Functional mRNA consists only of exons ...
... • Posttranscriptional processing modifies mRNA before it leaves nucleus by removing introns (non-coding) and then splicing exons (coding) together with enzymes called spliceosomes – Functional mRNA consists only of exons ...
Chapter 17~ From Gene to Protein
... protect the ends of the molecule add 5 GTP cap add poly-A tail longer tail, mRNA lasts longer: produces more protein ...
... protect the ends of the molecule add 5 GTP cap add poly-A tail longer tail, mRNA lasts longer: produces more protein ...
Polypeptide Synthesis -Making Proteins
... • Once we have ingested the proteins, our body breaks them down into amino acids in the digestive system which are absorbed and circulated throughout the body in the blood. ...
... • Once we have ingested the proteins, our body breaks them down into amino acids in the digestive system which are absorbed and circulated throughout the body in the blood. ...
BINF 730 Biological Sequence Analysis Lecture 1 Biological
... in their genomes • Prokaryotes usually have a single chromosome, often a circular DNA molecule • Eukaryotic chromosomes appear in pairs (diploid), each inherited from one parent – Homologous chromosomes carry the same genes – Some genes are same in both parents – Some genes appear in different forms ...
... in their genomes • Prokaryotes usually have a single chromosome, often a circular DNA molecule • Eukaryotic chromosomes appear in pairs (diploid), each inherited from one parent – Homologous chromosomes carry the same genes – Some genes are same in both parents – Some genes appear in different forms ...
semester 1 review
... 39. What is the outcome of replication? What does semi-conservative mean in terms of replication. 40. How many bases does it take to code for an amino acid? What is this called? 41. What are the 2 parts of protein synthesis? What occurs during each part and what nucleic acids are involved? 42. What ...
... 39. What is the outcome of replication? What does semi-conservative mean in terms of replication. 40. How many bases does it take to code for an amino acid? What is this called? 41. What are the 2 parts of protein synthesis? What occurs during each part and what nucleic acids are involved? 42. What ...
Chapter 10
... Step 2: The tRNA carrying the amino acid specified by the codon in the A site arrives. ...
... Step 2: The tRNA carrying the amino acid specified by the codon in the A site arrives. ...
Transfer RNA
A transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and archaically referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length, that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins. It does this by carrying an amino acid to the protein synthetic machinery of a cell (ribosome) as directed by a three-nucleotide sequence (codon) in a messenger RNA (mRNA). As such, tRNAs are a necessary component of translation, the biological synthesis of new proteins according to the genetic code.The specific nucleotide sequence of an mRNA specifies which amino acids are incorporated into the protein product of the gene from which the mRNA is transcribed, and the role of tRNA is to specify which sequence from the genetic code corresponds to which amino acid. One end of the tRNA matches the genetic code in a three-nucleotide sequence called the anticodon. The anticodon forms three base pairs with a codon in mRNA during protein biosynthesis. The mRNA encodes a protein as a series of contiguous codons, each of which is recognized by a particular tRNA. On the other end of the tRNA is a covalent attachment to the amino acid that corresponds to the anticodon sequence. Each type of tRNA molecule can be attached to only one type of amino acid, so each organism has many types of tRNA (in fact, because the genetic code contains multiple codons that specify the same amino acid, there are several tRNA molecules bearing different anticodons which also carry the same amino acid).The covalent attachment to the tRNA 3’ end is catalyzed by enzymes called aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. During protein synthesis, tRNAs with attached amino acids are delivered to the ribosome by proteins called elongation factors (EF-Tu in bacteria, eEF-1 in eukaryotes), which aid in decoding the mRNA codon sequence. If the tRNA's anticodon matches the mRNA, another tRNA already bound to the ribosome transfers the growing polypeptide chain from its 3’ end to the amino acid attached to the 3’ end of the newly delivered tRNA, a reaction catalyzed by the ribosome.A large number of the individual nucleotides in a tRNA molecule may be chemically modified, often by methylation or deamidation. These unusual bases sometimes affect the tRNA's interaction with ribosomes and sometimes occur in the anticodon to alter base-pairing properties.