Review sheet – Chapters 13 and 14 (Plankton)
... Understand that this mass migration is referred to as the “deep scattering layer” for its ability to be detected by echo-sounding equipment as a distinct layer deep in the water column during the day ...
... Understand that this mass migration is referred to as the “deep scattering layer” for its ability to be detected by echo-sounding equipment as a distinct layer deep in the water column during the day ...
Carbon cycling
... The ocean subcycle contains the second largest amount of stored carbon and is relatively shortterm cycle (ten to hundred years time scale). Because of the temperature differences, the warm surface ocean contains 2,000 Gt carbon while the cold deep oceans contains 38,000 Gt of carbon. As the oceans w ...
... The ocean subcycle contains the second largest amount of stored carbon and is relatively shortterm cycle (ten to hundred years time scale). Because of the temperature differences, the warm surface ocean contains 2,000 Gt carbon while the cold deep oceans contains 38,000 Gt of carbon. As the oceans w ...
Hydrothermal circulation in oceanic crust
... • Deep-sea Hot Springs discovered during the 1970s ...
... • Deep-sea Hot Springs discovered during the 1970s ...
The Ocean Planet - South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium
... know scientific facts about the ocean–would have a thorough understanding of the ocean’s vastness–that he or she would know the average depth of the ocean, the percentage of the earth that is covered by water, and the relative size of the major ocean basins. And, yes, these scientists do, in fact, l ...
... know scientific facts about the ocean–would have a thorough understanding of the ocean’s vastness–that he or she would know the average depth of the ocean, the percentage of the earth that is covered by water, and the relative size of the major ocean basins. And, yes, these scientists do, in fact, l ...
Jigsaw Readings
... Some of those shapes are shown in figure 13.10. What evidence do you see to indicate a collision? The collision of Earth’s tectonic plates is similar to car collisions. Of course, a tectonic collision is much slower and zones of collision can be thousands of kilometers long forming long chains o ...
... Some of those shapes are shown in figure 13.10. What evidence do you see to indicate a collision? The collision of Earth’s tectonic plates is similar to car collisions. Of course, a tectonic collision is much slower and zones of collision can be thousands of kilometers long forming long chains o ...
chapter 2 - Geophile.net
... 3. If the coastlines across the Atlantic Ocean are spreading apart, why isn’t the Atlantic Ocean deepest in its center? New ocean floor wells up and forms under the mid-Atlantic Ridge 4. What evidence confirmed seafloor spreading? Be brief but to the point Reversals of the Earth’s magnetic field ...
... 3. If the coastlines across the Atlantic Ocean are spreading apart, why isn’t the Atlantic Ocean deepest in its center? New ocean floor wells up and forms under the mid-Atlantic Ridge 4. What evidence confirmed seafloor spreading? Be brief but to the point Reversals of the Earth’s magnetic field ...
chapter 2 - Geophile.net
... a. They are partly molten b. They behave in a more plastic manner c. * They are rigid. d. They consist entirely of basalt e. They are generally overlain by continental crust. 17. What keeps the Appalachians standing as a mountain range even though they have been continuously eroding since they forme ...
... a. They are partly molten b. They behave in a more plastic manner c. * They are rigid. d. They consist entirely of basalt e. They are generally overlain by continental crust. 17. What keeps the Appalachians standing as a mountain range even though they have been continuously eroding since they forme ...
chapter8_ARCHEAN
... Many geologists think that Archean plates moved faster than plates do now because Earth possessed more radiogenic heat. Small cratons would have grown more rapidly to become larger continents. Several small cratons existed, 30-40% of present continental crust existed. We did not however, have si ...
... Many geologists think that Archean plates moved faster than plates do now because Earth possessed more radiogenic heat. Small cratons would have grown more rapidly to become larger continents. Several small cratons existed, 30-40% of present continental crust existed. We did not however, have si ...
The boundless carbon cycle - Stroud Water Research Center
... carbon buried in aquatic sediments will probably respond very differently to regional climate and land-use changes than carbon stored in soil. For example, when soil erosion is high, carbon sinks are more likely to shift from the land to inland waters. Consequently, sediment loads to inland waters i ...
... carbon buried in aquatic sediments will probably respond very differently to regional climate and land-use changes than carbon stored in soil. For example, when soil erosion is high, carbon sinks are more likely to shift from the land to inland waters. Consequently, sediment loads to inland waters i ...
Research Article
... Ciliophora and Foraminifera, notably hard-shelled and soft-shelled single-chambered (monothalamous) taxa (Fig. 2). Gromiids and large allogromiids (soft-shelled) foraminifera may have been disregarded because of their resemblance to faecal pellets (Nyholm & Gertz 1973). For many years these organism ...
... Ciliophora and Foraminifera, notably hard-shelled and soft-shelled single-chambered (monothalamous) taxa (Fig. 2). Gromiids and large allogromiids (soft-shelled) foraminifera may have been disregarded because of their resemblance to faecal pellets (Nyholm & Gertz 1973). For many years these organism ...
Going Their Separate Ways
... divergent boundaries where the upwelling of magma from the mantle creates new ocean floor. The rift zone is the valley between the two ridges where the plates are pulling apart and new material is rising. Deep-sea trenches are long, narrow basins that extend 8-11 km below sea level. Trenches develop ...
... divergent boundaries where the upwelling of magma from the mantle creates new ocean floor. The rift zone is the valley between the two ridges where the plates are pulling apart and new material is rising. Deep-sea trenches are long, narrow basins that extend 8-11 km below sea level. Trenches develop ...
Plate Tectonics
... To the west of the fault is the Pacific plate, which is moving northwest. To the east is the North American Plate, which is moving southeast. Los Angeles, located on the Pacific plate, is now 340 miles south of San Francisco, located on the North American plate. In 16 million years, the plat ...
... To the west of the fault is the Pacific plate, which is moving northwest. To the east is the North American Plate, which is moving southeast. Los Angeles, located on the Pacific plate, is now 340 miles south of San Francisco, located on the North American plate. In 16 million years, the plat ...
Earth Science Unit 2 Review Worksheet Name Block Circle the letter
... a. Island arcs b. Rift valleys c. Deep-sea trenches d. Very tall mountain ranges 9. Crust is neither destroyed nor formed along which of the following boundaries? a. Convergent b. Divergent c. Transform d. Magnetic 10. The driving force of tectonic plates are related to convection currents in Earth’ ...
... a. Island arcs b. Rift valleys c. Deep-sea trenches d. Very tall mountain ranges 9. Crust is neither destroyed nor formed along which of the following boundaries? a. Convergent b. Divergent c. Transform d. Magnetic 10. The driving force of tectonic plates are related to convection currents in Earth’ ...
200 - IPY
... Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The ACC is the largest modern ocean current and is responsible for most of the water-mass exchange between the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Recent modelling studies yield differing results on the question of whether or not inception of the ACC was the primary c ...
... Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The ACC is the largest modern ocean current and is responsible for most of the water-mass exchange between the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Recent modelling studies yield differing results on the question of whether or not inception of the ACC was the primary c ...
deep-ocean basin
... Continental Slope and Continental Rise • * called a continental slope. • The continental shelf and continental slope may be cut by deep V-shaped valleys. These deep valleys are called submarine canyons. ...
... Continental Slope and Continental Rise • * called a continental slope. • The continental shelf and continental slope may be cut by deep V-shaped valleys. These deep valleys are called submarine canyons. ...
The Greenhouse Effect on Earth
... • Analyze how greenhouse gases directly affect global climate change. ...
... • Analyze how greenhouse gases directly affect global climate change. ...
met60-topic02
... Low amounts of 13C in organic deposits indicate high levels of CO2 at the time of plant growth Thus we examine the ratio 18O/ 16O over time (carbon dating → time) 18O ...
... Low amounts of 13C in organic deposits indicate high levels of CO2 at the time of plant growth Thus we examine the ratio 18O/ 16O over time (carbon dating → time) 18O ...
brochure Archienviron 2 - Archean Environment: The habitat of early
... more specifically prior to 3.9 Ga, than at later times. Such frequent and large impact events may have been an important factor in the processes that determined the conditions of early life. Large impacts are thought to have had a devastating effect on life in the more recent history of Earth, such ...
... more specifically prior to 3.9 Ga, than at later times. Such frequent and large impact events may have been an important factor in the processes that determined the conditions of early life. Large impacts are thought to have had a devastating effect on life in the more recent history of Earth, such ...
Strategic Plan - Ocean Networks Canada
... How does the depletion of oxygen in coastal waters affect ecosystem services? The number of oxygen-depleted zones and the severity and extent of hypoxic events are increasing. The Northeast Pacific Ocean has experienced increased regional upwelling events and sea surface temperatures that have led t ...
... How does the depletion of oxygen in coastal waters affect ecosystem services? The number of oxygen-depleted zones and the severity and extent of hypoxic events are increasing. The Northeast Pacific Ocean has experienced increased regional upwelling events and sea surface temperatures that have led t ...
VEST `96, Plate Tectonics
... (a geologist would say ~225 Ma), India, S. America, and Australia were connected, it would make sense that the same trees might be found on all three. However, if around 225 Ma the continents started to drift apart into different latitudes, it also makes sense that the Glossopteris trees would start ...
... (a geologist would say ~225 Ma), India, S. America, and Australia were connected, it would make sense that the same trees might be found on all three. However, if around 225 Ma the continents started to drift apart into different latitudes, it also makes sense that the Glossopteris trees would start ...
How thick is Continental crust?
... The Earth's Crust is like the skin of an onion. It is very thin in comparison to the other three layers. The crust is only about 3-5 miles thick under the oceans (oceanic crust) and about 25 miles thick under the continents (continental crust). The deepest spot is 43 miles. ...
... The Earth's Crust is like the skin of an onion. It is very thin in comparison to the other three layers. The crust is only about 3-5 miles thick under the oceans (oceanic crust) and about 25 miles thick under the continents (continental crust). The deepest spot is 43 miles. ...
Chapter 2
... Thrust faults are fracture surfaces that dip at an angle between the horizontal and the vertical (convergent motion within a volume of rock). Motion is partly horizontal, partly vertical. Normal faults are fracture surfaces that also dip (divergent motion with and between bodies of rock). Motion ...
... Thrust faults are fracture surfaces that dip at an angle between the horizontal and the vertical (convergent motion within a volume of rock). Motion is partly horizontal, partly vertical. Normal faults are fracture surfaces that also dip (divergent motion with and between bodies of rock). Motion ...
Anoxic event
Oceanic anoxic events or anoxic events (Anoxia conditions) refer to intervals in the Earth's past where portions of oceans become depleted in oxygen (O2) at depths over a large geographic area. During some of these events, euxinia develops - euxinia refers to anoxic waters that contain H2S hydrogen sulfide. Although anoxic events have not happened for millions of years, the geological record shows that they happened many times in the past. Anoxic events coincide with several mass extinctions and may contribute to these events. These mass extinctions include some that geobiologists use as time markers in biostratigraphic dating. It is believed oceanic anoxic events are strongly linked to slowing of ocean circulation, climatic warming and elevated levels of greenhouse gases. Enhanced volcanism (through the release of CO2 and other greenhouse gases) is the proposed central external trigger for the development of these events.