Download Earth Science Unit 2 Review Worksheet Name Block Circle the letter

Earth Science
Unit 2 Review Worksheet
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Block ____________________________
Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer
1. Which theory states that Earth’s crust and rigid upper mantle move in different directions and at
different rates over Earth’s surface?
a. Ridge push and slab pull
b. Seafloor spreading
c. Continental drift
d. Plate tectonics
2. Tectonic plates interact at places at places called plate
a. Reversals
b. Boundaries
c. Regions
d. Subductions
3. Which of the following evidence was used by Wegener to support his hypothesis that the
continents had once been joined?
a. Rock types and ages
b. Plate tectonics
c. Slab pull and ridge push
d. Fossil of ocean plants
4. Which of the following was not used by Wegener to support his hypothesis of continental drift?
a. Fossils of land-dwelling animals
b. Paleomagnetic data
c. Coal beds in Antarctica
d. Glacial deposits
5. Why was the hypothesis of continental drift rejected when it was proposed by Wegener?
a. Wegener thought that the south pole had changed positions
b. Wegener thought that Earth’s rotation was the driving force
c. Wegener couldn’t explain how or why continents moved
d. Wegener died in Greenland in 1930
6. Features found at divergent boundaries include
a. Ocean ridges
b. Deep-sea trenches
c. Crumpled mountains
d. Island arc islands
7. Subduction results in the formation of
a. A deep-sea trench
b. A magnetic reversal
c. A rift valley
d. New continental crust
8. Continental-continental plate collisions produce
a. Island arcs
b. Rift valleys
c. Deep-sea trenches
d. Very tall mountain ranges
9. Crust is neither destroyed nor formed along which of the following boundaries?
a. Convergent
b. Divergent
c. Transform
d. Magnetic
10. The driving force of tectonic plates are related to convection currents in Earth’s
a. Crust
b. Mantle
c. Inner core
d. Outer core
11. Convergent boundaries are classified according to the
a. Types of fossils found at the boundaries
b. Rate at which the plates collide
c. Compass direction of movement of the plates
d. Type of crust involved
12. What can happen when two oceanic plates converge and one is subducted into the mantle?
a. Melted magma erupts and forms an arc of islands
b. The colliding plate edges become crumpled to form a mountain range
c. The lithosphere splits to create a divergent plate boundary on land
d. A continent splits to form a new ocean basin
13. Which of the following landforms results from divergence of continental crust?
a. A mountain range
b. A rift valley
c. A deep sea trench
d. A long fault
14. Which of the following best describes what happens when an oceanic plate converges with a
continental plate?
a. A deep sea trench and an island arc form
b. Both plates become fractured, and a series of long faults form on the surface
c. Both plates crumple and a folded mountain range forms
d. A trench and a mountain range with many volcanoes form
15. Which feature is associated with a continental-continental plate boundary?
a. A subduction zone
b. A mountain range
c. A deep sea trench
d. A volcano
16. Which of the following does not play a role in magma formation?
a. Temperature
b. Pressure
c. Presence of water
d. Tephra type
17. Which of the following is true?
a. An increase in pressure results in a higher melting temperature of a dry substance
b. A decrease in pressure increases the temperature at which a dry substance melts
c. The addition of water increases the melting temperature of a substance
d. An increase in pressure decreases the melting temperature of a dry substance
18. Which of the following melts to form rhyolitic magma?
a. Continental crust
b. Oceanic crust
c. Oceanic sediment
d. The upper mantle
19. Which type of pluton is completely parallel to the rock layers into which it intrudes?
a. Dike
b. Sill
c. Laccolith
d. Stock
20. The Hawaiian volcanoes formed as a result of which of the following?
a. Divergence
b. A hot spot
c. Subduction
d. Subsidence
21. Which of the following is not true?
a. An increase in silica increases the viscosity of a magma
b. Andesitic magma has both an intermediate gas content and explosiveness
c. An increase in temperature increases a magma’s viscosity
d. Basaltic magma has a low viscosity and contains little gas
22. Which of the following has broad, gently sloping sides and a circular base?
a. Hot spot
b. Cinder-cone volcano
c. Composite volcano
d. Shield volcano
23. Lava erupts through an opening in Earth’s crust called a
a. Vent
b. Crater
c. Caldera
d. Volcano
24. A bowl-shaped depression that forms around the vent of a volcano is a
a. Magma chamber
b. Vent
c. Crater
d. Sill
25. Fast-moving clouds of gas, ash, and other tephra are
a. Calderas
b. Pyroclastic flows
c. Volcanic blocks
d. Volcanic bombs
26. The amount of energy released by an earthquake is measured by its
a. Amplitude
b. Magnitude
c. Focus
d. Intensity
27. The Richter scale is a numerical scale used to describe an earthquake’s
a. Intensity
b. Amplitude
c. Probability
d. Magnitude
28. Each whole number increase on the Richter scale corresponds to a 32-fold increase in
a. Seismic energy
b. Magnitude
c. Probability
d. Intensity
29. The amount of damage done to structures by an earthquake is the earthquake’s
a. Intensity
b. Amplitude
c. Probability
d. Seismic gap
30. The modified Mercalli scale measure an earthquake’s
a. Intensity
b. Seismic gap
c. Probability
d. Magnitude
31. What is stress?
a. Movement of waves parallel to rock particles
b. Deformation of a material caused by applied forces
c. Forces per unit area acting on a material
d. Unit of measure on the Richter scale
32. What is strain?
a. Force per unit area action on a material
b. Deformation of a material caused by applied forces
c. Unit of measure on the Mercalli scale
d. Travel time of seismic waves
33. What happens to a rock that undergoes elastic deformation once the stress is removed?
a. It returns to its original shape
b. It breaks to generate an earthquake
c. It undergoes plastic deformation
d. It does not change shape
34. Which type of geologic material is most prone to liquefaction?
a. Granite
b. Metamorphic rock
c. Sand and loose sediment
d. Lava flows
35. The focus of a catastrophic earthquake with high intensity values is almost always
a. Deep
b. Shallow
c. Difficult to determine
d. Below the point of initial rock failure
36. What can the difference in travel times between P- and S-waves be used to determine?
a. How far away the epicenter was
b. The type of fault
c. The depth of the earthquake
d. Whether the core is liquid
37. Which seismic hazard is a form of structural failure?
a. Tsunami
b. Pancaking
c. Soil liquefaction
d. Seismic gap
38. Which type of seismic wave causes rock particles to move in the same direction as the wave
movement?
a. P-wave
b. S-wave
c. Tension wave
d. Shear wave
39. What part of Earth doesn’t receive direct P-waves from a quake?
a. Epicenter
b. Focus
c. Shadow zone
d. Mantle
40. Which is used to measure magnitude?
a. Richter scale
b. Mercalli scale
c. Shadow zone
d. Seismic gap
41. What is earthquake intensity?
a. A measure of the energy released
b. A measure of seismic risk
c. A measure of damage done
d. A measure of the quake’s focus
42. What causes differences in elevation on Earth?
a. Density and thickness of the crust
b. Vertical dikes and pillow basalt
c. Seamount and hot spots
d. Uplifted and faulted mountains
43. Which of the following is not associated with orogeny at convergent plate boundaries?
a. Island arcs
b. Highly folded and faulted ranges
c. Ocean ridges
d. Deformed sedimentary rocks
44. What type of mountains is generally made up of undeformed rocks?
a. Fault-block mountains
b. Uplifted mountains
c. Convergent boundary mountains
d. Continental mountains
45. What type of mountains would you expect to find at a convergent boundary involving two oceanic
plates?
a. Fault-block mountains
b. Volcanic mountains
c. Uplifted mountains
d. An ocean ridge
46. What is isostasy?
a. A convergent-boundary mountain
b. A condition of equilibrium
c. A fault-block mountain
d. A difference in crustal densities
47. Adding mass to the crust causes
a. The crust to rebound
b. The mantle to rebound
c. The crust to become depressed
d. The mantle to displace the crust
48. Oceanic crust is made of
a. Basalt and is denser than continental crust
b. Granite and is denser than continental crust
c. Basalt and is less dense than continental crust
d. Granite and is less dense than continental crust
49. During oceanic-oceanic convergence, where do island arc volcanoes form?
a. On the plate that is subducted
b. On the plate that is not subducted
c. Do not form on either plate
d. Form on both plates
50. Organize the terms mantle, continental crust, and oceanic crust in order of increasing density
a. Mantle, oceanic crust, continental crust
b. Oceanic crust, mantle, continental crust
c. Continental crust, oceanic crust, mantel
d. Oceanic crust, continental crust, mantle
51. At which type of plate boundary do the highest mountains form?
a. Convergent; continental-continental
b. Convergent; continental-oceanic
c. Divergent; oceanic-oceanic
d. Divergent; oceanic-continental
Answer the following questions
52. What early evidence suggested that Earth’s continents might be moving?
53. Explain what happens at the three types of plate boundaries
54. Describe the three factors that affect the formation of magma
55. Discuss three ways in which magma affects the crust into which it intrudes
56. Explain how a seismometer works.
57. What is earthquake intensity and how is it measured?
58. Why is the crust thicker beneath continental mountain ranges than it is under flat-lying stretches
of landscapes
59. Describe how mountains form along a continental-continental plate boundary