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... the other capital flight estimates for overlapping periods of study. For the period 2000-2005, our CED+GER estimates are again closer to the IMF’s estimates than any other. However, for the next six-year period 2006-2011, the difference between the IMF and GFI estimates widen considerably due mainl ...
... the other capital flight estimates for overlapping periods of study. For the period 2000-2005, our CED+GER estimates are again closer to the IMF’s estimates than any other. However, for the next six-year period 2006-2011, the difference between the IMF and GFI estimates widen considerably due mainl ...
Fiscal Sentiment and the Weak Recovery from the Great Recession
... and critics, of the …scal sentiment hypothesis. It is quite possible, therefore, that they will stir further controversies. But the hope is that the quantitative exploration of the …scal sentiment hypothesis pursued in this paper will introduce, as well, more quantitative rigor in future debates pro ...
... and critics, of the …scal sentiment hypothesis. It is quite possible, therefore, that they will stir further controversies. But the hope is that the quantitative exploration of the …scal sentiment hypothesis pursued in this paper will introduce, as well, more quantitative rigor in future debates pro ...
Mozambique`s Industrialization
... applied, the public sector was heavily present, distorting labour relations. This national discrimination within an international market economy system partially explained the choice of a socialist economic system after independence. Even though, Mozambique has undergone a series of social, politica ...
... applied, the public sector was heavily present, distorting labour relations. This national discrimination within an international market economy system partially explained the choice of a socialist economic system after independence. Even though, Mozambique has undergone a series of social, politica ...
Out of the Shadows: Measuring Informal Economic Activity
... 162 countries around the world and to provide some insights into the main causes of the shadow economy. ...
... 162 countries around the world and to provide some insights into the main causes of the shadow economy. ...
References - E
... investment spending. The aim of this project research is to assess the effect of fiscal policy on construction works in Nigeria. Data for the study was obtained through historical data of past Lagos State Government budgets with respect to taxation, government spending and capital spending from the ...
... investment spending. The aim of this project research is to assess the effect of fiscal policy on construction works in Nigeria. Data for the study was obtained through historical data of past Lagos State Government budgets with respect to taxation, government spending and capital spending from the ...
In many ways, macroeconometric modelling has provided crucial support to... making units at both national and international level. The prediction... CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION
... of any valid macroeconomic policy cannot be performed without inclusion of a health component. Health and education too, might be considered as human capital determinants. Although health on its own constitutes an important ingredient in any growth or development study, both require a particular con ...
... of any valid macroeconomic policy cannot be performed without inclusion of a health component. Health and education too, might be considered as human capital determinants. Although health on its own constitutes an important ingredient in any growth or development study, both require a particular con ...
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... transactions in different ways, but all (at least in theory) adding to the same total. Two of the most common aggregations are that focused on expenditures (based on the standard national income accounting identity of C + I + G + X - M) and that based on revenues, or incomes. The two methods should, ...
... transactions in different ways, but all (at least in theory) adding to the same total. Two of the most common aggregations are that focused on expenditures (based on the standard national income accounting identity of C + I + G + X - M) and that based on revenues, or incomes. The two methods should, ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES DETERIORATION OF THE TERMS OF TRADE AND
... The economy produces and consumes a domestic good and in addition, imports another good from abroad. The relative priceof the imported good is taken as given. The economy has access to the world capital market, where it can borrow or lend as much as it wants at a given interest rate, though subject ...
... The economy produces and consumes a domestic good and in addition, imports another good from abroad. The relative priceof the imported good is taken as given. The economy has access to the world capital market, where it can borrow or lend as much as it wants at a given interest rate, though subject ...
The New Deal and Economic Recovery
... Furthermore, they claim that the New Deal reinstated confidence to the banking system through the creation of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The FDIC gave depositors confidence in their decision to leave money in the bank by guaranteeing that their deposits would be insured. To a degr ...
... Furthermore, they claim that the New Deal reinstated confidence to the banking system through the creation of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The FDIC gave depositors confidence in their decision to leave money in the bank by guaranteeing that their deposits would be insured. To a degr ...
Modelling the Impact of Changes in the Interest Rates on the
... earnings growth from companies involved in long processes. A higher level of capacity utilisation also raises the profitability of these firms as capital costs per unit of output fall and possible gains in economies of scale are materialised. Both these effects should thus enforce relatively stronge ...
... earnings growth from companies involved in long processes. A higher level of capacity utilisation also raises the profitability of these firms as capital costs per unit of output fall and possible gains in economies of scale are materialised. Both these effects should thus enforce relatively stronge ...
On the Functions for Government to Promote Low-carbon Economic Development
... On the condition of market economy, the market must play a fundamental role in allocating resources. It is impossible for the instructing plan from Centralized government to allocate resources effectively. But dose plans have no role? In fact, on the case of market regulation, rational individuals' ...
... On the condition of market economy, the market must play a fundamental role in allocating resources. It is impossible for the instructing plan from Centralized government to allocate resources effectively. But dose plans have no role? In fact, on the case of market regulation, rational individuals' ...
Krugman_s Economics for AP
... net. But because the net makes his fishing more productive, he can catch more fish without reducing the number of coconuts he gathers, or he can gather more coconuts without reducing his fish catch. So his production possibilities curve shifts outward. The other source of economic growth is progress ...
... net. But because the net makes his fishing more productive, he can catch more fish without reducing the number of coconuts he gathers, or he can gather more coconuts without reducing his fish catch. So his production possibilities curve shifts outward. The other source of economic growth is progress ...
Role of State Owned Enterprises in India`s Economic
... The second plan, particularly focused on the development of the public sector. The plan followed the Mahalanobis model1, an economic development model developed by the Indian statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis in 1953. The plan attempted to determine the optimal allocation of investment betwe ...
... The second plan, particularly focused on the development of the public sector. The plan followed the Mahalanobis model1, an economic development model developed by the Indian statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis in 1953. The plan attempted to determine the optimal allocation of investment betwe ...
Automatic stabilizers, fiscal rules and
... government consumption over GDP (gc =y) is 0:18 , transfers (s=y) are 0:16 and productive public expenditure (gp =y) is 0:06. This calibration yields a public debt of 60 per cent of annual GDP in the steady state, which was the reference level in the Maastricht Treaty. The feedback parameter to publ ...
... government consumption over GDP (gc =y) is 0:18 , transfers (s=y) are 0:16 and productive public expenditure (gp =y) is 0:06. This calibration yields a public debt of 60 per cent of annual GDP in the steady state, which was the reference level in the Maastricht Treaty. The feedback parameter to publ ...
A Growth Path towards Full Employment
... objective of building socialism”[10]. 2. What is wrong with the Post-1994 Growth Path? 1. What then is the location and purpose of this framework document in the historical evolution of the thinking of COSATU about economic policy? 2. Firstly, this document emerges out of 16 years of experience with ...
... objective of building socialism”[10]. 2. What is wrong with the Post-1994 Growth Path? 1. What then is the location and purpose of this framework document in the historical evolution of the thinking of COSATU about economic policy? 2. Firstly, this document emerges out of 16 years of experience with ...
Nationalisation: A case study of Zambia
... 2. As a strategic response to oil and arms embargoes imposed against apartheid. The state set out to make South Africa selfsufficient in arms and munitions through Armscor (but failed) and in energy through Sasol (and failed again). 3. Successive governments, particularly after 1948, sought to prov ...
... 2. As a strategic response to oil and arms embargoes imposed against apartheid. The state set out to make South Africa selfsufficient in arms and munitions through Armscor (but failed) and in energy through Sasol (and failed again). 3. Successive governments, particularly after 1948, sought to prov ...
Chapter 11 Applications of the Ramsey model
... as derived in the previous chapter. We see that given ̃ none of the determinants of per capita consumption are affected by the labor-income tax and lump-sum transfers scheme ( ), which thus leaves the saving behavior of the household unaffected. Indeed, does not enter the model in its redu ...
... as derived in the previous chapter. We see that given ̃ none of the determinants of per capita consumption are affected by the labor-income tax and lump-sum transfers scheme ( ), which thus leaves the saving behavior of the household unaffected. Indeed, does not enter the model in its redu ...
investigating the impact of unemployment rate on the romanian
... Shadow economy is a controversial topic that has aroused the interest of the specialists since the 60’s, when the phenomenon took a great extent. Formulated in the literature under various names, the shadow economy exists to a larger or less extent in all countries, regardless of their level of deve ...
... Shadow economy is a controversial topic that has aroused the interest of the specialists since the 60’s, when the phenomenon took a great extent. Formulated in the literature under various names, the shadow economy exists to a larger or less extent in all countries, regardless of their level of deve ...
question above all questions for serbia in 2016 is the
... with additional working capital, but concrete progress in the last time there was. And for “Resavica” are made of similar cost-benefit analysis, so that by the last day there was no clear plan for the future fate of this company. It was hard to find a solution for a number of companies that have had ...
... with additional working capital, but concrete progress in the last time there was. And for “Resavica” are made of similar cost-benefit analysis, so that by the last day there was no clear plan for the future fate of this company. It was hard to find a solution for a number of companies that have had ...
REVIEW OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES
... of domestic spending and the level of domestic production. The excess of the level of domestic spending over domestic production manifests itself either as runaway inflation, or as an unfinanciable current account deficit, or both. A reconciliation of the levels of spending and production with each ...
... of domestic spending and the level of domestic production. The excess of the level of domestic spending over domestic production manifests itself either as runaway inflation, or as an unfinanciable current account deficit, or both. A reconciliation of the levels of spending and production with each ...
From Liberal Continentalism to Neoconservatism
... discourse from 'liberal continentalism' to 'neoconservatism'. Liberal continentalism represents the economic strategy underpinning state policy from the 1940s to the early 1970s. David Wolfe best summarizes this strategy, the components of which include: the free flow of resources and capital invest ...
... discourse from 'liberal continentalism' to 'neoconservatism'. Liberal continentalism represents the economic strategy underpinning state policy from the 1940s to the early 1970s. David Wolfe best summarizes this strategy, the components of which include: the free flow of resources and capital invest ...
The South African Economy and its Engine Room
... and Japan. Since the demise of apartheid, trade with other African countries has burgeoned, with South Africa enjoying a huge surplus of about six to one. Manufacturing accounts for over 60% of exports while minerals have declined to about 30%. Exports consist mainly of minerals (platinum, gold and ...
... and Japan. Since the demise of apartheid, trade with other African countries has burgeoned, with South Africa enjoying a huge surplus of about six to one. Manufacturing accounts for over 60% of exports while minerals have declined to about 30%. Exports consist mainly of minerals (platinum, gold and ...
Stone2e_CH20_Layout 1
... to spend. Thus, taxes form a wedge between income and the part of income that can be spent, or disposable income. Disposable income (Yd) is equal to income minus taxes (Yd ⫽ Y ⫺ T). For simplicity, we will assume that all taxes are paid in a lump sum, thereby removing a certain fixed sum of money fr ...
... to spend. Thus, taxes form a wedge between income and the part of income that can be spent, or disposable income. Disposable income (Yd) is equal to income minus taxes (Yd ⫽ Y ⫺ T). For simplicity, we will assume that all taxes are paid in a lump sum, thereby removing a certain fixed sum of money fr ...
Sources of Economic Growth and Stagnation in Iran
... < Table 1. Growth Decomposition in the Non-Oil Economy > ...
... < Table 1. Growth Decomposition in the Non-Oil Economy > ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL STRUCTURE
... combination of downward nominal wage rigidity and a currency peg. The mechanism is as follows. Consider the economy’s adjustment to a negative tradable output shock, such as a deterioration in the terms of trade. Households respond to this negative external shock by lowering their demand for consump ...
... combination of downward nominal wage rigidity and a currency peg. The mechanism is as follows. Consider the economy’s adjustment to a negative tradable output shock, such as a deterioration in the terms of trade. Households respond to this negative external shock by lowering their demand for consump ...