Biological synopsis of the European Sea Squirt
... The European sea squirt employs sexual reproduction to propagate the species. Niermann-Kerkenberg and Hofmann (1989) studied the development of Ascidiella aspersa in depth as a model for chordate development and found that development from fertilization to metamorphosis takes about one day (24 hours ...
... The European sea squirt employs sexual reproduction to propagate the species. Niermann-Kerkenberg and Hofmann (1989) studied the development of Ascidiella aspersa in depth as a model for chordate development and found that development from fertilization to metamorphosis takes about one day (24 hours ...
Sustainable Use of Our Oceans – Making Ideas Work
... This fourth World Ocean Review shows how the concept of sustainability came into ...
... This fourth World Ocean Review shows how the concept of sustainability came into ...
Renewable Energies from the Ocean.pdf
... With a diverse scientific staff of marine, atmospheric, and geological chemists, as well as chemical, biological, and geological oceanographers, the Ocean Chemistry Division (OCD) is able to use multidisciplinary approaches to solve scientific research questions. The Division’s work includes project ...
... With a diverse scientific staff of marine, atmospheric, and geological chemists, as well as chemical, biological, and geological oceanographers, the Ocean Chemistry Division (OCD) is able to use multidisciplinary approaches to solve scientific research questions. The Division’s work includes project ...
This article was originally published in a journal - FSU-EOAS
... Available online 13 March 2007 ...
... Available online 13 March 2007 ...
ARTHROPODS HOST INTRACELLULAR CHEMOSYNTHETIC
... Miljutin et al., 2006). In contrast, in the much less taxonomically diverse (<130,000 species) Lophotrochozoa (brachiopods, annelids, molluscs, etc.) (Chapman, 2009), more than 60 genera are known to host chemosynthetic symbionts and the majority (>45) of these associations are intracellular (endosy ...
... Miljutin et al., 2006). In contrast, in the much less taxonomically diverse (<130,000 species) Lophotrochozoa (brachiopods, annelids, molluscs, etc.) (Chapman, 2009), more than 60 genera are known to host chemosynthetic symbionts and the majority (>45) of these associations are intracellular (endosy ...
Why is the Ocean Salty?
... South Pacific, North and South Atlantic, Indian and Arctic Oceans and the Antarctic waters or seas. Scientists believe that the seas are as much as 500 million years old because animals that lived then occur as fossils in rocks which once were under ancient seas. There are several theories about the ...
... South Pacific, North and South Atlantic, Indian and Arctic Oceans and the Antarctic waters or seas. Scientists believe that the seas are as much as 500 million years old because animals that lived then occur as fossils in rocks which once were under ancient seas. There are several theories about the ...
Gennady Korotaev Marine Hydrophysical Institute National
... The process of the data policy formation did not finish in Ukraine. A special marine agency has started this work but it was disintegrated due to econ especially in case when observations are carried out in the economic zone of the state. Exclusion is concerned the meteorological data which are co ...
... The process of the data policy formation did not finish in Ukraine. A special marine agency has started this work but it was disintegrated due to econ especially in case when observations are carried out in the economic zone of the state. Exclusion is concerned the meteorological data which are co ...
Chapter 16: Geology of the Ocean
... The Ocean Forms Remember that oceans could not exist on early Earth because of the high temperatures. But by about 4 billion years ago, Earth became cool enough for water vapor within the mantle to cool. This eventually formed liquid water on the surface. As Earth cooled still more, thunderclouds b ...
... The Ocean Forms Remember that oceans could not exist on early Earth because of the high temperatures. But by about 4 billion years ago, Earth became cool enough for water vapor within the mantle to cool. This eventually formed liquid water on the surface. As Earth cooled still more, thunderclouds b ...
Chapter 12
... • Epifauna live on the surface of the sea floor. • Infauna live buried in sediments. • Nektobenthos swim or crawl through water above the seafloor. • Benthos are most abundant in shallower water. • Many live in perpetual darkness, coldness, and stillness. ...
... • Epifauna live on the surface of the sea floor. • Infauna live buried in sediments. • Nektobenthos swim or crawl through water above the seafloor. • Benthos are most abundant in shallower water. • Many live in perpetual darkness, coldness, and stillness. ...
The 2011 marine heat wave in Cockburn Sound
... (Fig. 3). It is very likely that the Cockburn Sound warming event was driven, at least in part, by the regional-scale oceanographic processes associated with the anomalously strong La Niña conditions. In addition, Cockburn Sound experienced unusually warm air temperatures and weak winds during the ...
... (Fig. 3). It is very likely that the Cockburn Sound warming event was driven, at least in part, by the regional-scale oceanographic processes associated with the anomalously strong La Niña conditions. In addition, Cockburn Sound experienced unusually warm air temperatures and weak winds during the ...
1 Oceanic Processes: Introduction
... F IGURE 13: The shallow, wind-driven circulation of the Earth’s oceans. The dominant patterns are the “gyre” of the major ocean basins with water spinning around in a circle. The gyre are (mostly) clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the southern hemisphere. Additional curre ...
... F IGURE 13: The shallow, wind-driven circulation of the Earth’s oceans. The dominant patterns are the “gyre” of the major ocean basins with water spinning around in a circle. The gyre are (mostly) clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the southern hemisphere. Additional curre ...
Comparative Studies of Tropical and Temperate Zone Coastal
... physico-chemo-geologic processes are to be found. Therefore, critical comparisons of temperate zone estuaries with those in the tropics will have to await the results of future investigations. However, some obvious differences between these regions exist in the expression of various environmental fa ...
... physico-chemo-geologic processes are to be found. Therefore, critical comparisons of temperate zone estuaries with those in the tropics will have to await the results of future investigations. However, some obvious differences between these regions exist in the expression of various environmental fa ...
Conserving California`s Vibrant Deep-Sea Ecosystems
... Along these depth gradients, temperature, oxygen and other physical parameters lead to unique communities within the water column that scientists are just starting to appreciate. Globally these prominent features are drawing increasing attention because of threats from human impacts, especially deep ...
... Along these depth gradients, temperature, oxygen and other physical parameters lead to unique communities within the water column that scientists are just starting to appreciate. Globally these prominent features are drawing increasing attention because of threats from human impacts, especially deep ...
Single-celled Organisms: An Introduction
... some of its photosynthetic energy to the coral. In return the coral must use a portion of that energy to keep its surface clean and grow branched colonies. This provides the dinoflagellate with adequate sunlight for photosynthesis. The zooxanthellae’s light requirements also restrict the coral to de ...
... some of its photosynthetic energy to the coral. In return the coral must use a portion of that energy to keep its surface clean and grow branched colonies. This provides the dinoflagellate with adequate sunlight for photosynthesis. The zooxanthellae’s light requirements also restrict the coral to de ...
Courses PDF - Stony Brook University
... started to recognize how the loss of these species has caused substantial changes in DEC: K terrestrial ecosystem diversity and function, SBC: SBS, USA mediated by changes in prey population 3 credits dynamics and behavior. It is only recently that we have realized that changes in the MAR 357: Unsin ...
... started to recognize how the loss of these species has caused substantial changes in DEC: K terrestrial ecosystem diversity and function, SBC: SBS, USA mediated by changes in prey population 3 credits dynamics and behavior. It is only recently that we have realized that changes in the MAR 357: Unsin ...
Seamount communities (UK BAP Priority Habitat description)
... ‘islands’ for epibenthic and pelagic faunas, have a high rate of endemic species, are used as ‘stepping stones’ for the transoceanic dispersion of shell species and as reproduction/ feeding grounds for migratory species (e.g. Richer de Forges, 2000). Studies of the pelagic communities above seamount ...
... ‘islands’ for epibenthic and pelagic faunas, have a high rate of endemic species, are used as ‘stepping stones’ for the transoceanic dispersion of shell species and as reproduction/ feeding grounds for migratory species (e.g. Richer de Forges, 2000). Studies of the pelagic communities above seamount ...
Continental erosion and the Cenozoic rise of marine diatoms
... exhausted, diatom blooms collapse and a large fraction sinks rapidly out of the surface layer to the ocean interior (Fig. 1). Over geological time, this phenomenon is thought to have decreased the concentration of H4SiO4 in the surface waters of the oceans to unprecedented levels in the history of E ...
... exhausted, diatom blooms collapse and a large fraction sinks rapidly out of the surface layer to the ocean interior (Fig. 1). Over geological time, this phenomenon is thought to have decreased the concentration of H4SiO4 in the surface waters of the oceans to unprecedented levels in the history of E ...
ocean vent - National Geographic
... Loaded with minerals and hydrogen sulfide, the vent fluid pushes its way through the ocean’s crust. Some fluids exit through vents, or openings, in the ocean floor. The hot fluid mixes with cold seawater. These cool, slowmoving currents are called diffuse flows. Vent fluids that do not exit the crus ...
... Loaded with minerals and hydrogen sulfide, the vent fluid pushes its way through the ocean’s crust. Some fluids exit through vents, or openings, in the ocean floor. The hot fluid mixes with cold seawater. These cool, slowmoving currents are called diffuse flows. Vent fluids that do not exit the crus ...
Lysogeny and Transduction in the Marine Environment
... of the planktontic marine microbial flora, at concentrations ranging from 104 to 108/ml [2]. We now know that approximately 20 to 50% of the bacterial mortality can be caused by viral lysis , on the same order of magnitude of that caused by protistan grazing [8]. Models of the Microbial Loop now sho ...
... of the planktontic marine microbial flora, at concentrations ranging from 104 to 108/ml [2]. We now know that approximately 20 to 50% of the bacterial mortality can be caused by viral lysis , on the same order of magnitude of that caused by protistan grazing [8]. Models of the Microbial Loop now sho ...
Priority Marine Features in Scottish territorial waters
... there was already a range of initiatives for seabirds underway. The lack of seabirds on the recommended list does not reflect that they have failed to qualify as PMFs, as they were not considered against the criteria in the first place. The PMF list will help to provide a framework for SNH and other ...
... there was already a range of initiatives for seabirds underway. The lack of seabirds on the recommended list does not reflect that they have failed to qualify as PMFs, as they were not considered against the criteria in the first place. The PMF list will help to provide a framework for SNH and other ...
Marine biology
Marine biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean or other marine or brackish bodies of water. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy. Marine biology differs from marine ecology as marine ecology is focused on how organisms interact with each other and the environment, while biology is the study of the organisms themselves.A large proportion of all life on Earth lives in the ocean. Exactly how large the proportion is unknown, since many ocean species are still to be discovered. The ocean is a complex three-dimensional world covering about 71% of the Earth's surface. The habitats studied in marine biology include everything from the tiny layers of surface water in which organisms and abiotic items may be trapped in surface tension between the ocean and atmosphere, to the depths of the oceanic trenches, sometimes 10,000 meters or more beneath the surface of the ocean. Specific habitats include coral reefs, kelp forests, seagrass meadows, the surrounds of seamounts and thermal vents, tidepools, muddy, sandy and rocky bottoms, and the open ocean (pelagic) zone, where solid objects are rare and the surface of the water is the only visible boundary. The organisms studied range from microscopic phytoplankton and zooplankton to huge cetaceans (whales) 30 meters (98 feet) in length.Marine life is a vast resource, providing food, medicine, and raw materials, in addition to helping to support recreation and tourism all over the world. At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet. Marine organisms contribute significantly to the oxygen cycle, and are involved in the regulation of the Earth's climate. Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.Many species are economically important to humans, including food fish (both finfish and shellfish). It is also becoming understood that the well-being of marine organisms and other organisms are linked in very fundamental ways. The human body of knowledge regarding the relationship between life in the sea and important cycles is rapidly growing, with new discoveries being made nearly every day. These cycles include those of matter (such as the carbon cycle) and of air (such as Earth's respiration, and movement of energy through ecosystems including the ocean). Large areas beneath the ocean surface still remain effectively unexplored.