Joint SCAR/SCOR Coordination of Southern Ocean Studies
... The SCAR and SCOR Presidents have continued their dialogue at subsequent SCOR meetings, and, as mentioned above, their ideas were fleshed out at the SCAR Oceanography meeting in Rome (22-24 October 2003). Based on these various developments, SCAR and SCOR have agreed to consider establishing a SCAR/ ...
... The SCAR and SCOR Presidents have continued their dialogue at subsequent SCOR meetings, and, as mentioned above, their ideas were fleshed out at the SCAR Oceanography meeting in Rome (22-24 October 2003). Based on these various developments, SCAR and SCOR have agreed to consider establishing a SCAR/ ...
Chapter 46 – Hydrothermal vents and cold seeps
... ocean (Dick et al., 2013). The biological stabilization of metal (e.g., iron, copper) from hydrothermal vents under dissolved or colloidal organic complexes for long-range export in the water column has been documented recently (Wu et al., 2011; Hawkes et al., 2013). Recent assessments of these iron ...
... ocean (Dick et al., 2013). The biological stabilization of metal (e.g., iron, copper) from hydrothermal vents under dissolved or colloidal organic complexes for long-range export in the water column has been documented recently (Wu et al., 2011; Hawkes et al., 2013). Recent assessments of these iron ...
Marine Protected Areas: Classification, Protection Standard and
... extraction would require large amounts of information about the species present in an area and how they contribute to the associated ecological system. There are also considerable problems with compliance when setting catch limits at small spatial scales. Because of these difficulties, fishing metho ...
... extraction would require large amounts of information about the species present in an area and how they contribute to the associated ecological system. There are also considerable problems with compliance when setting catch limits at small spatial scales. Because of these difficulties, fishing metho ...
PICES XIV BIO_Poster-2496 Poster - North Pacific Marine Science
... The study region is the northern part of La Perouse Strait and the southern deep-water part of the Okhotsk Sea. During 1987-2005, 29 surveys were conducted by a standard scheme of stations. A total of 880 zooplankton samples were collected using Juday nets (0,1 м2, 0.112 mm) in the layer 100-0 (bott ...
... The study region is the northern part of La Perouse Strait and the southern deep-water part of the Okhotsk Sea. During 1987-2005, 29 surveys were conducted by a standard scheme of stations. A total of 880 zooplankton samples were collected using Juday nets (0,1 м2, 0.112 mm) in the layer 100-0 (bott ...
The evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir
... phosphate concentrations if the dissolved silica concentration of sea water is estimated2–5. Here we present iron and phosphorus concentration ratios from distal hydrothermal sediments and iron formations through time to study the evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir. The data suggest that ph ...
... phosphate concentrations if the dissolved silica concentration of sea water is estimated2–5. Here we present iron and phosphorus concentration ratios from distal hydrothermal sediments and iron formations through time to study the evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir. The data suggest that ph ...
info sheet - Mundus maris
... extreme depths, can not fathom them fully. Every second, breath we take is from the ocean. Marine ecosystems contribute in a high percentage of services which allow us to live and to sustain our civilisation (food, climate, temperature balance and much more). ...
... extreme depths, can not fathom them fully. Every second, breath we take is from the ocean. Marine ecosystems contribute in a high percentage of services which allow us to live and to sustain our civilisation (food, climate, temperature balance and much more). ...
File - Warta MHS Science
... Nanoplankton are between 2 and 20 microns in size. The picoplankton and nanoplankton dominate the plankton of openocean environments. Microplankton, or net plankton, range between 20 and 200 microns in size. The microplankton have been well studied over the years because it is relatively straightfor ...
... Nanoplankton are between 2 and 20 microns in size. The picoplankton and nanoplankton dominate the plankton of openocean environments. Microplankton, or net plankton, range between 20 and 200 microns in size. The microplankton have been well studied over the years because it is relatively straightfor ...
Chapter I - Shodhganga
... only be pushed along the bottom by fast flowing water, such as might be found in a fast flowing stream or where waves break against a beach. These larger grains can thus accumulate in relatively high flow-energy environments. Sand, silt, being intermediate in size, can be moved by moderate flows. Sa ...
... only be pushed along the bottom by fast flowing water, such as might be found in a fast flowing stream or where waves break against a beach. These larger grains can thus accumulate in relatively high flow-energy environments. Sand, silt, being intermediate in size, can be moved by moderate flows. Sa ...
Temperature Differences in the Ocean at Low Latitude
... hand this energy returns back to the ocean in the form of wave energy and energy of streams. As far as specific thermal capacity of water exceeds about four times that of air, and the mass of water is 270 times more, the thermal energy accumulated in water is much more than in air. Solar radiation a ...
... hand this energy returns back to the ocean in the form of wave energy and energy of streams. As far as specific thermal capacity of water exceeds about four times that of air, and the mass of water is 270 times more, the thermal energy accumulated in water is much more than in air. Solar radiation a ...
D N O P
... throughout recorded history. Significant climate changes have occurred in periods under 10 years and profoundly altered the landscape of large regions of the Earth. Although the oceans clearly play a crucial role in controlling climatic events, this is not understood in sufficient detail to predict ...
... throughout recorded history. Significant climate changes have occurred in periods under 10 years and profoundly altered the landscape of large regions of the Earth. Although the oceans clearly play a crucial role in controlling climatic events, this is not understood in sufficient detail to predict ...
Chapter 6: Ecosystems and the Physical Environment
... the atmosphere at a rate greater than the carbon cycle can handle. This increase of carbon dioxide may contribute to global warming which could result in a rise in sea level, changes in precipitation patterns, death of forests, extinction of organisms and problems for agriculture. In addition, human ...
... the atmosphere at a rate greater than the carbon cycle can handle. This increase of carbon dioxide may contribute to global warming which could result in a rise in sea level, changes in precipitation patterns, death of forests, extinction of organisms and problems for agriculture. In addition, human ...
3. deep-sea ecosystems: pristine biodiversity reservoir and
... the continental slope, between 3,000 and 6,000 m depth. Abyssal plains are covered by a thick layer of fine sediment that can reach thousands of metres in thickness, resulting in the popular picture of a flat, monotonous deep-sea bed. The main characteristics of water masses at abyssal plains are: l ...
... the continental slope, between 3,000 and 6,000 m depth. Abyssal plains are covered by a thick layer of fine sediment that can reach thousands of metres in thickness, resulting in the popular picture of a flat, monotonous deep-sea bed. The main characteristics of water masses at abyssal plains are: l ...
Strategic Plan - Ocean Networks Canada
... build and maintain shells or skeletons, and may be disrupting food webs. ONC is developing and implementing sensor technology that will accurately measure pH and pCO2 over the long term to quantify their variability and the extent and spatial pattern of acidification in the Northeast Pacific. These ...
... build and maintain shells or skeletons, and may be disrupting food webs. ONC is developing and implementing sensor technology that will accurately measure pH and pCO2 over the long term to quantify their variability and the extent and spatial pattern of acidification in the Northeast Pacific. These ...
Great Barrier Reef - conservation
... halfway to Papua New Guinea; and from the low water mark to between 60 and 320 km from the coast. The complete reef system extends to the Papua New Guinea coast. The area is largely open water but exceeds that of the states of Victoria and Tasmania combined. It comprises some 3,400 individual reefs, ...
... halfway to Papua New Guinea; and from the low water mark to between 60 and 320 km from the coast. The complete reef system extends to the Papua New Guinea coast. The area is largely open water but exceeds that of the states of Victoria and Tasmania combined. It comprises some 3,400 individual reefs, ...
Spirula
... • New species of deepwater squid – large, unnamed species discovered 1988 – have longer arms than other squid, bent downward at sharp angles – exhibit different behaviors • hide in their ink clouds instead of fleeing • pairs have been observed attached, towing each other through the water © 2006 Tho ...
... • New species of deepwater squid – large, unnamed species discovered 1988 – have longer arms than other squid, bent downward at sharp angles – exhibit different behaviors • hide in their ink clouds instead of fleeing • pairs have been observed attached, towing each other through the water © 2006 Tho ...
From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new
... subsurface and the ocean,'' he said. ''They are potentially the most abundant organism on Earth, yet we really had no idea how they survive in the ocean.'' Non-extremophilic Crenarchaeota are fascinating, according to Francis, in large part because of their potentially vital role in cycling the glob ...
... subsurface and the ocean,'' he said. ''They are potentially the most abundant organism on Earth, yet we really had no idea how they survive in the ocean.'' Non-extremophilic Crenarchaeota are fascinating, according to Francis, in large part because of their potentially vital role in cycling the glob ...
Faber, Samantha_Saxitoxin and the induction of paralytic shellfish
... Journal of Young Investigators Climate changes Large-scale climate fluctuations due to industrialization have also been linked to HAB events. Epidemiologists have studied the relationship between human disease epidemics and unusual climate changes such as drought, heat, heavy rainfall, and more (Hal ...
... Journal of Young Investigators Climate changes Large-scale climate fluctuations due to industrialization have also been linked to HAB events. Epidemiologists have studied the relationship between human disease epidemics and unusual climate changes such as drought, heat, heavy rainfall, and more (Hal ...
Earth Science 16.1 Ocean Circulation
... density of water in the world. This cold salty water sinks to the sea floor, where it moves throughout the ocean basins in slow currents. After sinking from the surface of the ocean, deep waters will not reappear at the surface for an average of 500 to 2000 years. ...
... density of water in the world. This cold salty water sinks to the sea floor, where it moves throughout the ocean basins in slow currents. After sinking from the surface of the ocean, deep waters will not reappear at the surface for an average of 500 to 2000 years. ...
Chapter 46 – Hydrothermal vents and cold seeps
... metal-rich substrate or to the proximity of highly productive chemosynthetic ecosystem at local to regional scale. Furthermore, despite the absence of high temperature associated with black smokers, some of these inferred ‘inactive’ areas may display diffuse flow vents, that are much more difficult ...
... metal-rich substrate or to the proximity of highly productive chemosynthetic ecosystem at local to regional scale. Furthermore, despite the absence of high temperature associated with black smokers, some of these inferred ‘inactive’ areas may display diffuse flow vents, that are much more difficult ...
ANTARCTIC CIRCUMNAVIGATION EXPEDITION
... a newly created entity founded by EPFL, the Swiss Institute of Forest, Snow and Landscape research WSL, ETHZ, the University of Bern and Editions Paulsen. It aims to enhance international relations and collaboration between countries, as well as to spark the interest of a new generation of young sci ...
... a newly created entity founded by EPFL, the Swiss Institute of Forest, Snow and Landscape research WSL, ETHZ, the University of Bern and Editions Paulsen. It aims to enhance international relations and collaboration between countries, as well as to spark the interest of a new generation of young sci ...
Sediment Deposition Supports Seafloor Spreading
... microfossils that drift down through the water. Microfossils are fossilized microscopic organisms. Common 1500 m types include nannofossils, foraminifers, and diatoms. When microfossils are the major component of basement the sediment, then that sediment can be called an ooze. The sediment layer can ...
... microfossils that drift down through the water. Microfossils are fossilized microscopic organisms. Common 1500 m types include nannofossils, foraminifers, and diatoms. When microfossils are the major component of basement the sediment, then that sediment can be called an ooze. The sediment layer can ...
The Marine Environment
... occurring almost daily. The shoreline is the place where the ocean meets the land. Shorelines are shaped by the action of waves, tides, and currents. The location of the shoreline constantly changes as the tide moves in and out. As waves erode some shorelines, they create some of the most impressive ...
... occurring almost daily. The shoreline is the place where the ocean meets the land. Shorelines are shaped by the action of waves, tides, and currents. The location of the shoreline constantly changes as the tide moves in and out. As waves erode some shorelines, they create some of the most impressive ...
The first observations, September 1998, CMOS Bulletin.
... measurements. Nutrient levels in its thermocline were substantially higher than in surrounding waters. The ocean water type of this eddy matches that found near the Queen Charlotte Islands in winter (53°N 133°W). In February and June 1999, Bill sent the web-generated images to Frank at sea on the J. ...
... measurements. Nutrient levels in its thermocline were substantially higher than in surrounding waters. The ocean water type of this eddy matches that found near the Queen Charlotte Islands in winter (53°N 133°W). In February and June 1999, Bill sent the web-generated images to Frank at sea on the J. ...
FROM: The Antarctic Coastal Current
... The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is the most important current in the Southern Ocean, and the only current that flows completely around the globe. The ACC, as it encircles the Antarctic continent, flows eastward through the southern portions of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Edmond ...
... The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is the most important current in the Southern Ocean, and the only current that flows completely around the globe. The ACC, as it encircles the Antarctic continent, flows eastward through the southern portions of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Edmond ...
Marine biology
Marine biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean or other marine or brackish bodies of water. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy. Marine biology differs from marine ecology as marine ecology is focused on how organisms interact with each other and the environment, while biology is the study of the organisms themselves.A large proportion of all life on Earth lives in the ocean. Exactly how large the proportion is unknown, since many ocean species are still to be discovered. The ocean is a complex three-dimensional world covering about 71% of the Earth's surface. The habitats studied in marine biology include everything from the tiny layers of surface water in which organisms and abiotic items may be trapped in surface tension between the ocean and atmosphere, to the depths of the oceanic trenches, sometimes 10,000 meters or more beneath the surface of the ocean. Specific habitats include coral reefs, kelp forests, seagrass meadows, the surrounds of seamounts and thermal vents, tidepools, muddy, sandy and rocky bottoms, and the open ocean (pelagic) zone, where solid objects are rare and the surface of the water is the only visible boundary. The organisms studied range from microscopic phytoplankton and zooplankton to huge cetaceans (whales) 30 meters (98 feet) in length.Marine life is a vast resource, providing food, medicine, and raw materials, in addition to helping to support recreation and tourism all over the world. At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet. Marine organisms contribute significantly to the oxygen cycle, and are involved in the regulation of the Earth's climate. Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.Many species are economically important to humans, including food fish (both finfish and shellfish). It is also becoming understood that the well-being of marine organisms and other organisms are linked in very fundamental ways. The human body of knowledge regarding the relationship between life in the sea and important cycles is rapidly growing, with new discoveries being made nearly every day. These cycles include those of matter (such as the carbon cycle) and of air (such as Earth's respiration, and movement of energy through ecosystems including the ocean). Large areas beneath the ocean surface still remain effectively unexplored.