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submersible - Grade4teachers
submersible - Grade4teachers

... flooded with 700 tons of seawater, causing them to sink. As this end of FLIP sinks, the other end, kept afloat with air tanks, rises out of the water. Crew members and scientists, on board while FLIP flips, simply step up onto the walls as the walls become decks. In just 20 minutes, FLIP is in a str ...
REVIEW ARTICLE Microbial Diversity in Freshwater and Marine
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Marine Ecosystems - National Geographic

... found in both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans at an average underwater depth of about 2,100 meters (7,000 feet). They are concentrated along the Mid-Ocean Ridge. The Mid-Ocean Ridge is the underwater mountain chain that winds its way around the globe. Hydrothermal vent ecosystems support familiar, y ...
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Linking Learning Areas – Suggested Activities

... have muscular bodies and can move quickly. They have a strong siphon which gives them jet propulsion. Most can squirt out a cloud of ink to mislead their attackers. This group of animals includes octopus, cuttlefish and squid. Fish Fish are found within the phylum Vertebrata (all have a backbone/ver ...
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History of Marine Science 2

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Into the deep - European Marine Board

... has shown a strong interest in marine In 1995, the European Commission decided that it need- science, identifying the blue economy as one of the straed a body to advise on the research agenda for marine and tegic pillars of the programme and spending €144 million polar science. A combination of Comm ...
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... development of coastal communities. Humans have lived along the coastline and made use of marine resources for millennia. Paracas Declaration also appeals for a better understanding of the nature and magnitude of these changes and their effects and insights on what policy approaches will best allow ...
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Marine biology



Marine biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean or other marine or brackish bodies of water. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy. Marine biology differs from marine ecology as marine ecology is focused on how organisms interact with each other and the environment, while biology is the study of the organisms themselves.A large proportion of all life on Earth lives in the ocean. Exactly how large the proportion is unknown, since many ocean species are still to be discovered. The ocean is a complex three-dimensional world covering about 71% of the Earth's surface. The habitats studied in marine biology include everything from the tiny layers of surface water in which organisms and abiotic items may be trapped in surface tension between the ocean and atmosphere, to the depths of the oceanic trenches, sometimes 10,000 meters or more beneath the surface of the ocean. Specific habitats include coral reefs, kelp forests, seagrass meadows, the surrounds of seamounts and thermal vents, tidepools, muddy, sandy and rocky bottoms, and the open ocean (pelagic) zone, where solid objects are rare and the surface of the water is the only visible boundary. The organisms studied range from microscopic phytoplankton and zooplankton to huge cetaceans (whales) 30 meters (98 feet) in length.Marine life is a vast resource, providing food, medicine, and raw materials, in addition to helping to support recreation and tourism all over the world. At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet. Marine organisms contribute significantly to the oxygen cycle, and are involved in the regulation of the Earth's climate. Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.Many species are economically important to humans, including food fish (both finfish and shellfish). It is also becoming understood that the well-being of marine organisms and other organisms are linked in very fundamental ways. The human body of knowledge regarding the relationship between life in the sea and important cycles is rapidly growing, with new discoveries being made nearly every day. These cycles include those of matter (such as the carbon cycle) and of air (such as Earth's respiration, and movement of energy through ecosystems including the ocean). Large areas beneath the ocean surface still remain effectively unexplored.
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