Anatomy
... • Renogram = graphic record of the kidney. • Retrograde pyelogram = x-ray of the renal pelvis, opposite from normal direction with contrast medium injected through the urethra. • Cystoscope = instrument for visual examination of bladder. • Cystoscopy = visual examination of the bladder. • Nephroscop ...
... • Renogram = graphic record of the kidney. • Retrograde pyelogram = x-ray of the renal pelvis, opposite from normal direction with contrast medium injected through the urethra. • Cystoscope = instrument for visual examination of bladder. • Cystoscopy = visual examination of the bladder. • Nephroscop ...
Digestive & Excretory Systems
... B. When the bladder fills, stretch receptors stimulate the brain. C. The urge usually begins when the bladder has about 150 ml. D. At 600 ml you get severe pain which usually forces you to urinate. VIII. Urethra A. Carries urine to the outside of the body (passes 1-2 L per day) ...
... B. When the bladder fills, stretch receptors stimulate the brain. C. The urge usually begins when the bladder has about 150 ml. D. At 600 ml you get severe pain which usually forces you to urinate. VIII. Urethra A. Carries urine to the outside of the body (passes 1-2 L per day) ...
Chapter 20: Urinary/Excretory System Theory Lecture Outline
... 2. Caffeine increases the loss of sodium ion, thus increasing the loss of water • Nervous control o Accomplished directly through the action of nerve impulses on the blood vessels leading to the kidney and on those within the kidney leading to the glomeruli Effects of Aging • Kidneys shrink • Change ...
... 2. Caffeine increases the loss of sodium ion, thus increasing the loss of water • Nervous control o Accomplished directly through the action of nerve impulses on the blood vessels leading to the kidney and on those within the kidney leading to the glomeruli Effects of Aging • Kidneys shrink • Change ...
Is Additional Fluid Therapy Effective in the Treatment of
... boys suffer from UTI. The mean age at the first UTI episode is 5 years old and it is most common during infancy among girls. In boys, it is mostly observed during the first year of infancy in those who have not been circumcised. Unlike adults, UTI does not have clear symptoms in children and sometim ...
... boys suffer from UTI. The mean age at the first UTI episode is 5 years old and it is most common during infancy among girls. In boys, it is mostly observed during the first year of infancy in those who have not been circumcised. Unlike adults, UTI does not have clear symptoms in children and sometim ...
Diseases of Urinary System
... Feline Idiopathic (Interstitial) Cystitis Client info Disease is self-limiting As many as 85% of cats will have resolution of clinical signs in 7-10 days May be recurring problem No definitive cure ...
... Feline Idiopathic (Interstitial) Cystitis Client info Disease is self-limiting As many as 85% of cats will have resolution of clinical signs in 7-10 days May be recurring problem No definitive cure ...
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
... The purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) i.e. purple discolouration of urine, is an uncommon and alarming condition in patients with long term urinary catheterisation. Though the condition is benign, it should draw immediate attention to the possibility of an underlying urinary tract infection. The post ...
... The purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) i.e. purple discolouration of urine, is an uncommon and alarming condition in patients with long term urinary catheterisation. Though the condition is benign, it should draw immediate attention to the possibility of an underlying urinary tract infection. The post ...
Diseases of Urinary System
... Feline Idiopathic (Interstitial) Cystitis Treatment Avoid unnecessary antibiotics Change diet from dry to moist Or salt food to ↑ water intake Reduce stress from other cats, kids, etc ...
... Feline Idiopathic (Interstitial) Cystitis Treatment Avoid unnecessary antibiotics Change diet from dry to moist Or salt food to ↑ water intake Reduce stress from other cats, kids, etc ...
ASSESSMENT OF THE RESPIRATORY PATIENT
... • The other consist of solutes (chemicals that are dissolved in the water) • These solutes are the result of normal biochemical activity within the cells of the body such as urea, creatinine, phosphates, sulfates and uric acid. • Other solutes may be due to chemicals that originated outside of the b ...
... • The other consist of solutes (chemicals that are dissolved in the water) • These solutes are the result of normal biochemical activity within the cells of the body such as urea, creatinine, phosphates, sulfates and uric acid. • Other solutes may be due to chemicals that originated outside of the b ...
Incontinence in Children - Croydon Health Services NHS Trust
... Enuresis nocturna: Enuresis is derived from the Greek verb enourein, which literally means ‘to make water in’, enourgkotez are ‘piss-a-beds’. Urgency: The frequent attacks of imperative urge to void, countered by hold-manoeuvres or Urgency is defined as a strong desire to void accompanied by fear of ...
... Enuresis nocturna: Enuresis is derived from the Greek verb enourein, which literally means ‘to make water in’, enourgkotez are ‘piss-a-beds’. Urgency: The frequent attacks of imperative urge to void, countered by hold-manoeuvres or Urgency is defined as a strong desire to void accompanied by fear of ...
Mycobacteria-Chlamydia-Mycoplasa-
... Treatment: Combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs 624 months). Prevention.. BCG vaccine ( Bacilli Calemtte- Guerin)..Children. ...
... Treatment: Combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs 624 months). Prevention.. BCG vaccine ( Bacilli Calemtte- Guerin)..Children. ...
Answer is C Explanation: During the PCR process, specific primers
... Answer is C Explanation: During the PCR process, specific primers are DNA oligomers that define the ends of the target sequences to be amplified. Each round of the amplification process begins with denaturation at high temperature which denatures, or separates, the double-stranded DNA into complemen ...
... Answer is C Explanation: During the PCR process, specific primers are DNA oligomers that define the ends of the target sequences to be amplified. Each round of the amplification process begins with denaturation at high temperature which denatures, or separates, the double-stranded DNA into complemen ...
Most commonly:
... Causes infections in patients without history of hospital admission. SUDDEN OUTBREAKS Often susceptible to non B-Lactam antibiotics Ex: Doxycyline, Clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole TMP-SMZ Vancomycin for severe infections Treatment: First gram stain and culture for sensitivity to antibioti ...
... Causes infections in patients without history of hospital admission. SUDDEN OUTBREAKS Often susceptible to non B-Lactam antibiotics Ex: Doxycyline, Clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole TMP-SMZ Vancomycin for severe infections Treatment: First gram stain and culture for sensitivity to antibioti ...
Outpatient management of skin and soft tissue infections specifically
... Options for empiric outpatient antimicrobial treatment of SSTIs when MRSA is a consideration NOTE: Data from controlled clinical trials are needed to establish the comparative efficacy of these agents in treating MRSA SSTIs. Patients with signs/symptoms of severe illness should be treated as inpati ...
... Options for empiric outpatient antimicrobial treatment of SSTIs when MRSA is a consideration NOTE: Data from controlled clinical trials are needed to establish the comparative efficacy of these agents in treating MRSA SSTIs. Patients with signs/symptoms of severe illness should be treated as inpati ...
Elimination Concept
... Effectiveness of abx therapy for recurrence is about 60% but declines with each recurrence Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) – – FMT restores healthy intestinal bacteria by placing another person’s stool in the affected patient’s colon using a colonscope or NG tube. Probiotics – organisms such ...
... Effectiveness of abx therapy for recurrence is about 60% but declines with each recurrence Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) – – FMT restores healthy intestinal bacteria by placing another person’s stool in the affected patient’s colon using a colonscope or NG tube. Probiotics – organisms such ...
BRONCHITIS, ACUTE
... • Bacterial lung infection (various kinds of pneumonia). • Chronic bronchitis from recurrent episodes of acute bronchitis. • Cough may persist for several weeks after initial improvement. • Pleurisy (inflammation of the lining of the lungs) (rare). TREATMENT GENERAL MEASURES • Diagnosis is usually b ...
... • Bacterial lung infection (various kinds of pneumonia). • Chronic bronchitis from recurrent episodes of acute bronchitis. • Cough may persist for several weeks after initial improvement. • Pleurisy (inflammation of the lining of the lungs) (rare). TREATMENT GENERAL MEASURES • Diagnosis is usually b ...
Flesh Eating Disease
... How the disease is spread The disease can be transferred through direct contact with fluid from the nose and throat of an infected person, for example, through kissing, or sharing cutlery. It is also spread through direct contact with secretions from infected sores on the skin. Casual contact, such ...
... How the disease is spread The disease can be transferred through direct contact with fluid from the nose and throat of an infected person, for example, through kissing, or sharing cutlery. It is also spread through direct contact with secretions from infected sores on the skin. Casual contact, such ...
presentation
... “AMBRIDGE, Pa. - Ten students at two western Pennsylvania high schools have been diagnosed with staph infections, and eight of them were confirmed to have a relatively new strain that has baffled medical experts because it is resistant to some antibiotics and generally found in younger, otherwise he ...
... “AMBRIDGE, Pa. - Ten students at two western Pennsylvania high schools have been diagnosed with staph infections, and eight of them were confirmed to have a relatively new strain that has baffled medical experts because it is resistant to some antibiotics and generally found in younger, otherwise he ...
Carbapenem Resistant Gram
... around our bodies. Many of these bacteria cause us no harm however some Gramnegative bacteria can cause infections. Gram-negative bacilli have been developing resistance to antibiotics and one of the most recently identified resistance is to a class of antibiotics called carbapenems. This makes trea ...
... around our bodies. Many of these bacteria cause us no harm however some Gramnegative bacteria can cause infections. Gram-negative bacilli have been developing resistance to antibiotics and one of the most recently identified resistance is to a class of antibiotics called carbapenems. This makes trea ...
Antibiotic-resistant superbug causes deadly skin boils
... Witt said he opposes using linezolid to treat the infections, as there would be no other defense against the disease if the bug develops a resistance to vancomycin, a process that's now occurring. "That should be our last shot," he said. "It's a good example of the problem of treating MRSA," Witt ad ...
... Witt said he opposes using linezolid to treat the infections, as there would be no other defense against the disease if the bug develops a resistance to vancomycin, a process that's now occurring. "That should be our last shot," he said. "It's a good example of the problem of treating MRSA," Witt ad ...
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (includes ketamine cystitis)
... 113 patients M: F = 90: 43 mean age 25.6 yrs (14 – 42) years of ketamine abuse: 3/12 to 11 years referred by A&E, GP, psychiatrist C/O: LUTS+ve ...
... 113 patients M: F = 90: 43 mean age 25.6 yrs (14 – 42) years of ketamine abuse: 3/12 to 11 years referred by A&E, GP, psychiatrist C/O: LUTS+ve ...
Renal Failure
... Orthotopic bladder substitution Pre-op info, assess readiness to learn, involve family, enterostomal nurse Post-op complications- shock & atelectesis ...
... Orthotopic bladder substitution Pre-op info, assess readiness to learn, involve family, enterostomal nurse Post-op complications- shock & atelectesis ...
Multiple choice
... In old men, the most common reason of urinary obstruction is ( ) a. Congenital ;b. injury; c. tumor , d.pelvic disease; e. benign prostatic hyperplasia; Which of the following classes of medication is the most common initial treatment of men with symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)? a. al ...
... In old men, the most common reason of urinary obstruction is ( ) a. Congenital ;b. injury; c. tumor , d.pelvic disease; e. benign prostatic hyperplasia; Which of the following classes of medication is the most common initial treatment of men with symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)? a. al ...
Urinary tract infection
A urinary tract infection (UTI), also known as acute cystitis or bladder infection, is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract. When it affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a simple cystitis (a bladder infection) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as pyelonephritis (a kidney infection). Symptoms from a lower urinary tract include painful urination and either frequent urination or urge to urinate (or both); while the symptoms of pyelonephritis include fever and flank pain in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI. In some cases, a painful burning sensation in the urethra may be present even when not urinating. In the elderly and the very young, symptoms may be vague or non-specific. The main causal agent of both types is Escherichia coli, though other bacteria, viruses or fungi may rarely be the cause.Urinary tract infections occur more commonly in women than men, with half of women having at least one infection at some point in their lives. Recurrences are common. Risk factors include female anatomy, sexual intercourse and family history. Pyelonephritis, if it occurs, usually follows a bladder infection but may also result from a blood-borne infection. Diagnosis in young healthy women can be based on symptoms alone. In those with vague symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult because bacteria may be present without there being an infection. In complicated cases or if treatment has failed, a urine culture may be useful. In those with frequent infections, low dose antibiotics may be taken as a preventative measure.In uncomplicated cases, urinary tract infections are easily treated with a short course of antibiotics, although resistance to many of the antibiotics used to treat this condition is increasing. In complicated cases, a longer course or intravenous antibiotics may be needed, and if symptoms have not improved in two or three days, further diagnostic testing is needed. In women, urinary tract infections are the most common form of bacterial infection with 10% developing urinary tract infections yearly. In those who have bacteria or white blood cells in their urine but have no symptoms, antibiotics are generally not needed, although pregnant women are an exception to this recommendation.