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... upon neurotrophins for their survival, but also for modulating neuronal activity. Neurotrophic factors play significant roles in influencing synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. Regulation of synaptic plasticity in the visual system was illustrated by the formation of ocular dominance columns in ...
... upon neurotrophins for their survival, but also for modulating neuronal activity. Neurotrophic factors play significant roles in influencing synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. Regulation of synaptic plasticity in the visual system was illustrated by the formation of ocular dominance columns in ...
The Basal Ganglia and Involuntary Movements
... he basal ganglia are organized to facilitate voluntary movements and to inhibit competing movements that might interfere with the desired movement. Dysfunction of these circuits can lead to movement disorders that are characterized by impaired voluntary movement, the presence of involuntary movement ...
... he basal ganglia are organized to facilitate voluntary movements and to inhibit competing movements that might interfere with the desired movement. Dysfunction of these circuits can lead to movement disorders that are characterized by impaired voluntary movement, the presence of involuntary movement ...
Structure–function relationship of working memory activity with
... groups. Accordingly, we used two different models to identify relevant regions and investigate the possibility of group differences. In one approach (‘‘main effect’’ model), we first identified clusters where working memory brain activity was correlated with the selected structural volumes across th ...
... groups. Accordingly, we used two different models to identify relevant regions and investigate the possibility of group differences. In one approach (‘‘main effect’’ model), we first identified clusters where working memory brain activity was correlated with the selected structural volumes across th ...
The Familial Dysautonomia disease gene, Ikbkap/Elp1, is required
... Ikbkap:LacZ reporter mice (George et al., 2013). At E8, ß-gal was expressed throughout the neural tube (Fig. 2a), which may explain why embryos completely null for Ikbkap fail to complete neurulation (Chen et al., 2009, Dietrich et al., 2011). By E11.5, Ikbkap expression was detected in the ventric ...
... Ikbkap:LacZ reporter mice (George et al., 2013). At E8, ß-gal was expressed throughout the neural tube (Fig. 2a), which may explain why embryos completely null for Ikbkap fail to complete neurulation (Chen et al., 2009, Dietrich et al., 2011). By E11.5, Ikbkap expression was detected in the ventric ...
An RNA-Sequencing Transcriptome and Splicing Database of Glia
... endothelial cells (10 min each), followed by a 30 min incubation on a plate coated with mouse IgM anti-O4 hybridoma (Bansal et al., 1989; 4 ml of hybridoma supernatant diluted with 8 ml of DPBS/0.2% BSA) to deplete oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and then incubated for 20 min on a plate coat ...
... endothelial cells (10 min each), followed by a 30 min incubation on a plate coated with mouse IgM anti-O4 hybridoma (Bansal et al., 1989; 4 ml of hybridoma supernatant diluted with 8 ml of DPBS/0.2% BSA) to deplete oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and then incubated for 20 min on a plate coat ...
Nextgeneration mapping of Arabidopsis genes
... across the Arabidopsis genome. The mapping of one mutant was also replicated using pools of as few as ten F2 lines and a single channel of Illumina GA IIx data (<20 million paired-end reads). Moreover, NGM will identify the non-recombinant, mutation-harboring region of the chromosome regardless of t ...
... across the Arabidopsis genome. The mapping of one mutant was also replicated using pools of as few as ten F2 lines and a single channel of Illumina GA IIx data (<20 million paired-end reads). Moreover, NGM will identify the non-recombinant, mutation-harboring region of the chromosome regardless of t ...
Structural Abnormalities of the Central Auditory Pathway in Infants
... middle ear disorder (Paradise, 1980) in one or both ears, as well as those with an abnormal hearing level (ABR air conduction threshold above 30 dB nHL bilaterally or unilaterally), were excluded from the study. Twenty-seven NSCL/P infants with normal middle and inner ear function and normal bilater ...
... middle ear disorder (Paradise, 1980) in one or both ears, as well as those with an abnormal hearing level (ABR air conduction threshold above 30 dB nHL bilaterally or unilaterally), were excluded from the study. Twenty-seven NSCL/P infants with normal middle and inner ear function and normal bilater ...
Lissencephaly - Cambridge University Press
... Microscopic examination of the cortex showed a thin molecular layer, beneath which there was a continuous mass of neurons, without lamination. Neurons were pyramidal, of moderate size and mixed randomly with a population of smaller neurons. This sheet of neurons extended towards the ventricles. Tape ...
... Microscopic examination of the cortex showed a thin molecular layer, beneath which there was a continuous mass of neurons, without lamination. Neurons were pyramidal, of moderate size and mixed randomly with a population of smaller neurons. This sheet of neurons extended towards the ventricles. Tape ...
DEVELOPMENT OF VESSELS IN THE FOETAL CORTICAL
... Op the other hand, the grafts growing in the lateral ventricle or ventricle I11 do not a h i n a large size awing to the limiting ventricle walls. The vascular network within them is delicate but fairly dense. In arrangement and density it is similar bo the surrounding tissue. To sum up, it may be ...
... Op the other hand, the grafts growing in the lateral ventricle or ventricle I11 do not a h i n a large size awing to the limiting ventricle walls. The vascular network within them is delicate but fairly dense. In arrangement and density it is similar bo the surrounding tissue. To sum up, it may be ...
Impulsivity-related brain volume deficits in schizophrenia
... comorbidity, little is known about its actual impacts on the brain or their functional relevance. However, structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia were identified by using voxel-based morphometry that revealed impairments, especially in frontotemporal cortices (Davatzikos et al., 2005; Honea ...
... comorbidity, little is known about its actual impacts on the brain or their functional relevance. However, structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia were identified by using voxel-based morphometry that revealed impairments, especially in frontotemporal cortices (Davatzikos et al., 2005; Honea ...
Scents and Sensibility: A Molecular Logic of Olfactory Perception
... another and for one another/s thinking, that has lasted for thirty years. Hal, unfortunately, died ten years ago of a brain tumor, but his warmth, his creativity persist. Sol Spiegelman invited me to return to Columbia as an Assistant Professor in 1974 at the Institute of Cancer Research. I was ecst ...
... another and for one another/s thinking, that has lasted for thirty years. Hal, unfortunately, died ten years ago of a brain tumor, but his warmth, his creativity persist. Sol Spiegelman invited me to return to Columbia as an Assistant Professor in 1974 at the Institute of Cancer Research. I was ecst ...
Neuroimaging predictors of treatment response in anxiety disorders Open Access
... Although several psychological and pharmacological treatment options are available for anxiety disorders, not all patients respond well to each option. Furthermore, given the relatively long duration of adequate treatment trials, finding a good treatment fit can take many months or longer. Thus, bot ...
... Although several psychological and pharmacological treatment options are available for anxiety disorders, not all patients respond well to each option. Furthermore, given the relatively long duration of adequate treatment trials, finding a good treatment fit can take many months or longer. Thus, bot ...
- Opus
... need to characterize the genetically equivalent, but potentially phenotypically non-equivalent, reciprocal heterozygotes as distinct genotype classes7, 21. This increase in the number of genotype classes provides the critical extra degree of freedom required to test for the presence of imprinting. I ...
... need to characterize the genetically equivalent, but potentially phenotypically non-equivalent, reciprocal heterozygotes as distinct genotype classes7, 21. This increase in the number of genotype classes provides the critical extra degree of freedom required to test for the presence of imprinting. I ...
Chapter 3
... color of hair and skin. But when it comes to behavior, many of us are uncomfortable with the idea that heredity might determine what we think and do. Yet heredity very much affects behavior and experience, although it does not operate on thought and behavior in a simple, deterministic way. Before we ...
... color of hair and skin. But when it comes to behavior, many of us are uncomfortable with the idea that heredity might determine what we think and do. Yet heredity very much affects behavior and experience, although it does not operate on thought and behavior in a simple, deterministic way. Before we ...
The evolution of nervous system centralization
... what their initial structure and function was. It is also unclear whether the CNS of vertebrates and invertebrates trace back to a common CNS precursor (Arendt & Nübler-Jung 1999) or whether they are of independent evolutionary origin (Holland 2003; Lowe et al. 2003). This review addresses the ques ...
... what their initial structure and function was. It is also unclear whether the CNS of vertebrates and invertebrates trace back to a common CNS precursor (Arendt & Nübler-Jung 1999) or whether they are of independent evolutionary origin (Holland 2003; Lowe et al. 2003). This review addresses the ques ...
Evolution of Vertebrate Brains - CIHR Group in Sensory
... space and time, but it incorrectly implies that some existing taxa are identical to shared ancestral taxa, such as extant ray-finned fishes being identical to the ancestors of both themselves and land vertebrates. To the contrary, both evolution and embryological development proceed from the general ...
... space and time, but it incorrectly implies that some existing taxa are identical to shared ancestral taxa, such as extant ray-finned fishes being identical to the ancestors of both themselves and land vertebrates. To the contrary, both evolution and embryological development proceed from the general ...
Differential Localization of G Protein βγ Subunits
... functional relevance in the context of the whole organism. To this end, a greater understanding of the tissue localization and subcellular distribution of Gβγ isoforms will be of particular importance in determining which of the many possible combinations are likely to occur physiologically, what ro ...
... functional relevance in the context of the whole organism. To this end, a greater understanding of the tissue localization and subcellular distribution of Gβγ isoforms will be of particular importance in determining which of the many possible combinations are likely to occur physiologically, what ro ...
Vertebrate brains and evolutionary connectomics: on the origins of
... particularly the cortex of the telencephalon, was increasingly thought to be novel and unique to mammals. There was no structure in the non-mammalian forebrain that could readily be compared with the mammalian cortex. The belief in the uniqueness of the mammalian forebrain was particularly emphasize ...
... particularly the cortex of the telencephalon, was increasingly thought to be novel and unique to mammals. There was no structure in the non-mammalian forebrain that could readily be compared with the mammalian cortex. The belief in the uniqueness of the mammalian forebrain was particularly emphasize ...
MIRROR NEURON FUNCTION: AN EXAMINATION OF
... food does not move his fingers. Another important aspect is that activation ceases when the food is made available to him. Whereas, if these neurons were related to pre-motor neurons then activation would have increased in response to preparation of movement execution, not decreased. This supports t ...
... food does not move his fingers. Another important aspect is that activation ceases when the food is made available to him. Whereas, if these neurons were related to pre-motor neurons then activation would have increased in response to preparation of movement execution, not decreased. This supports t ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... loaded on sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. Membrane was blocked in PBSMT (PBS1X; tween 0.1%; dry milk 5%) and then incubated with a dilution of different primary antibodies in PBSMT overnight at 4C. The different antibodies were ...
... loaded on sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. Membrane was blocked in PBSMT (PBS1X; tween 0.1%; dry milk 5%) and then incubated with a dilution of different primary antibodies in PBSMT overnight at 4C. The different antibodies were ...
Aerobic Exercise and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Brain
... CHOI, J. W., D. H. HAN, K. D. KANG, H. Y. JUNG, and P. F. RENSHAW. Aerobic Exercise and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Brain Research. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 33–39, 2015. Purpose: As adjuvant therapy for enhancing the effects of stimulants and thereby minimizing medi ...
... CHOI, J. W., D. H. HAN, K. D. KANG, H. Y. JUNG, and P. F. RENSHAW. Aerobic Exercise and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Brain Research. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 33–39, 2015. Purpose: As adjuvant therapy for enhancing the effects of stimulants and thereby minimizing medi ...
A Pitx transcription factor controls the establishment
... stem cells residing in the planarian body in large numbers. It is still obscure how these stem cells are programmed for differentiation into specific cell lineages and how lineage identity is maintained. Here we identify a Pitx transcription factor of crucial importance for planarian regeneration. I ...
... stem cells residing in the planarian body in large numbers. It is still obscure how these stem cells are programmed for differentiation into specific cell lineages and how lineage identity is maintained. Here we identify a Pitx transcription factor of crucial importance for planarian regeneration. I ...
Progress Report – Glover
... With the anatomical mapping already in hand, it is feasible to begin asking questions about the genetic regulation of neuronal type specification. As a first step, it is important to determine which transcription factors are expressed in or near specific identified neurons. To this end, Søviknes has ...
... With the anatomical mapping already in hand, it is feasible to begin asking questions about the genetic regulation of neuronal type specification. As a first step, it is important to determine which transcription factors are expressed in or near specific identified neurons. To this end, Søviknes has ...
Altered Fronto-Striatal and Fronto-Cerebellar Circuits in Heroin
... prefrontal cortex and limbic system just as a previous study found. Meanwhile, we surmised that the altered ALFF value in these brain regions could be correlated with heroin use and these CHUassociated areas would be related to the dysfunctional connectivity of interacting brain subsystems in restin ...
... prefrontal cortex and limbic system just as a previous study found. Meanwhile, we surmised that the altered ALFF value in these brain regions could be correlated with heroin use and these CHUassociated areas would be related to the dysfunctional connectivity of interacting brain subsystems in restin ...