20.脊神经
... Spinal nerves 脊神经 Formation: each spinal nerve is formed by union of anterior and posterior roots at intervertebral The anterior root 前根-contains motor foramen fibers for skeletal muscles. ...
... Spinal nerves 脊神经 Formation: each spinal nerve is formed by union of anterior and posterior roots at intervertebral The anterior root 前根-contains motor foramen fibers for skeletal muscles. ...
Neuron II
... corresponding vertebral segment if the cord is only 40cm-45cm long? Answer: Spinal nerves extend down to the appropriate vertebral segment forming the cauda equina This means cord segments and vertebral ...
... corresponding vertebral segment if the cord is only 40cm-45cm long? Answer: Spinal nerves extend down to the appropriate vertebral segment forming the cauda equina This means cord segments and vertebral ...
Document
... – Ciliary body: secretes aqueous humor and alters shape of lens for near/far vision – Choroid: provides blood supply and absorbs scattered light (melanin) ...
... – Ciliary body: secretes aqueous humor and alters shape of lens for near/far vision – Choroid: provides blood supply and absorbs scattered light (melanin) ...
Spinal Nerves
... are rare • Types of fibers in mixed nerves: • Somatic afferent and somatic efferent • Visceral afferent and visceral efferent ...
... are rare • Types of fibers in mixed nerves: • Somatic afferent and somatic efferent • Visceral afferent and visceral efferent ...
The Visceral Nervous System
... arrectores pilorum and sweat glands of head, neck, trunk and limbs The fibers from their networks around blood vessels passing to visceral end organs Terminate directly in certain organs ...
... arrectores pilorum and sweat glands of head, neck, trunk and limbs The fibers from their networks around blood vessels passing to visceral end organs Terminate directly in certain organs ...
The Spinal Cord
... arrectores pilorum and sweat glands of head, neck, trunk and limbs • The fibers from their networks around blood vessels passing to visceral end organs • Terminate directly in certain organs ...
... arrectores pilorum and sweat glands of head, neck, trunk and limbs • The fibers from their networks around blood vessels passing to visceral end organs • Terminate directly in certain organs ...
cell
... The Role of Calcium and Regulatory Proteins • The regulatory protein tropomyosin and the troponin complex, a set of additional proteins, bind to actin strands on thin filaments when a muscle fiber is at rest • This prevents actin and myosin from interacting ...
... The Role of Calcium and Regulatory Proteins • The regulatory protein tropomyosin and the troponin complex, a set of additional proteins, bind to actin strands on thin filaments when a muscle fiber is at rest • This prevents actin and myosin from interacting ...
(a) (b)
... The Role of Calcium and Regulatory Proteins • The regulatory protein tropomyosin and the troponin complex, a set of additional proteins, bind to actin strands on thin filaments when a muscle fiber is at rest • This prevents actin and myosin from interacting ...
... The Role of Calcium and Regulatory Proteins • The regulatory protein tropomyosin and the troponin complex, a set of additional proteins, bind to actin strands on thin filaments when a muscle fiber is at rest • This prevents actin and myosin from interacting ...
THE CRANIAL NERVES - anderson1.k12.sc.us
... CRANIAL NERVES 12-pair named “cranial” because each passes thru a ...
... CRANIAL NERVES 12-pair named “cranial” because each passes thru a ...
Spinal Cord Organization
... pathways principally to the cerebellum or brainstem nuclei that project to the cerebellum. Generally there are only two neurons in a subconscious pathway and the axon of the projection neuron joins an ipsilateral tract (see the last pathway on the following page). ...
... pathways principally to the cerebellum or brainstem nuclei that project to the cerebellum. Generally there are only two neurons in a subconscious pathway and the axon of the projection neuron joins an ipsilateral tract (see the last pathway on the following page). ...
spinal cord and reflexes, 030217
... The anterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei—clusters of cell bodies of somatic motor neurons that control the contraction of skeletal muscles. ...
... The anterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei—clusters of cell bodies of somatic motor neurons that control the contraction of skeletal muscles. ...
Neuroanatomy 1
... Subarachnoid haematoma • Occur within the brain tissue itself • Bleeding into the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain, the area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater • Bleeding may occur spontaneously, usually from a cerebral aneurysm, or may result from trauma • The classic symptom ...
... Subarachnoid haematoma • Occur within the brain tissue itself • Bleeding into the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain, the area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater • Bleeding may occur spontaneously, usually from a cerebral aneurysm, or may result from trauma • The classic symptom ...
File
... posterior spinal arteries and one anterior spinal artery. The posterior spinal arteries, which arise either directly or indirectly from the vertebral arteries, run down the side of the spinal cord, close to the attachments of the posterior spinal nerve roots. The anterior spinal arteries, which aris ...
... posterior spinal arteries and one anterior spinal artery. The posterior spinal arteries, which arise either directly or indirectly from the vertebral arteries, run down the side of the spinal cord, close to the attachments of the posterior spinal nerve roots. The anterior spinal arteries, which aris ...
Lecture PNS
... • vital to autonomic control of visceral function • major nerve of the ANS/parasympathetic system ...
... • vital to autonomic control of visceral function • major nerve of the ANS/parasympathetic system ...
AP150 REFLEX ASSIGNMENT-
... Fill in the blanks so that the explanation below correctly describes the route an electrical impulse (Action Potential) would take in the WITHDRAWAL/FLEXOR REFLEX INVOLVING A PAINFUL STIMULUS ON THETIP OF YOUR INDEX FINGER (2ND PHALANX). Use the word bank to help you. A _________________________(rec ...
... Fill in the blanks so that the explanation below correctly describes the route an electrical impulse (Action Potential) would take in the WITHDRAWAL/FLEXOR REFLEX INVOLVING A PAINFUL STIMULUS ON THETIP OF YOUR INDEX FINGER (2ND PHALANX). Use the word bank to help you. A _________________________(rec ...
Nervous System (Complete)
... around vertebral column into the muscles on the back of vertebral column. Here it divides into lateral and medial branches that supply the muscles, and one of them sends a branch to the overlying skin. ...
... around vertebral column into the muscles on the back of vertebral column. Here it divides into lateral and medial branches that supply the muscles, and one of them sends a branch to the overlying skin. ...
The Cervical Plexus HO
... The area of skin served by the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is called a dermatome. Skin maps showing the distribution of spinal cord segments on the basis of dermatomes are more precise than those showing areas of distribution of a peripheral cutaneous nerve. The peripheral nerve usually contains ...
... The area of skin served by the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is called a dermatome. Skin maps showing the distribution of spinal cord segments on the basis of dermatomes are more precise than those showing areas of distribution of a peripheral cutaneous nerve. The peripheral nerve usually contains ...
NEUROLOGY
... Nervous system consist of central nervous system(CN) and peripheral nervous system(PN) CN divide into_ Brain and Spinal cord PN divide into_12pair of cranial nerves _31pair of spinal nerves ...
... Nervous system consist of central nervous system(CN) and peripheral nervous system(PN) CN divide into_ Brain and Spinal cord PN divide into_12pair of cranial nerves _31pair of spinal nerves ...
No. 30
... circumflex vessels through the quadrangular space and winds round the surgical neck of the humerus to reach the deltoid muscle. Branches and their distribution: Muscular branches supplies the deltoid and teres major, and cutaneous branch to the skin over the ...
... circumflex vessels through the quadrangular space and winds round the surgical neck of the humerus to reach the deltoid muscle. Branches and their distribution: Muscular branches supplies the deltoid and teres major, and cutaneous branch to the skin over the ...
Chapter 13 13-1
... • central core of gray matter that looks like a butterfly or H-shaped in cross section – posterior (dorsal) root of spinal nerve - only sensory fibers – anterior (ventral) root of spinal nerve - only motor fibers – gray commissure connects right and left sides – lateral horn – visible from T2 throug ...
... • central core of gray matter that looks like a butterfly or H-shaped in cross section – posterior (dorsal) root of spinal nerve - only sensory fibers – anterior (ventral) root of spinal nerve - only motor fibers – gray commissure connects right and left sides – lateral horn – visible from T2 throug ...
Intercostal, Ilioinguinal, and Iliohypogastric Nerve Transfer after
... Suez Canal University, Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Surgery, Anaesthesiology & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine- Suez Canal Uni INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord injury has been investigated in various animal studies. On ...
... Suez Canal University, Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Surgery, Anaesthesiology & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine- Suez Canal Uni INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord injury has been investigated in various animal studies. On ...
Chapt 12 d - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... somatic and visceral sensory input • Ventral horns - some interneurons; somatic motor neurons; axons exit cord via ventral roots • Lateral horns (only in thoracic and superior lumbar regions) - sympathetic neurons • Dorsal roots – sensory input to cord • Dorsal root (spinal) ganglia—cell bodies of s ...
... somatic and visceral sensory input • Ventral horns - some interneurons; somatic motor neurons; axons exit cord via ventral roots • Lateral horns (only in thoracic and superior lumbar regions) - sympathetic neurons • Dorsal roots – sensory input to cord • Dorsal root (spinal) ganglia—cell bodies of s ...
Document
... • Ventral horns—somatic motor neurons whose axons exit the cord via ventral roots • Lateral horns (only in thoracic and lumbar regions) –sympathetic neurons • Dorsal root (spinal) gangia—contain cell bodies of sensory neurons ...
... • Ventral horns—somatic motor neurons whose axons exit the cord via ventral roots • Lateral horns (only in thoracic and lumbar regions) –sympathetic neurons • Dorsal root (spinal) gangia—contain cell bodies of sensory neurons ...
Nervous system
The nervous system is the part of an animal's body that coordinates its voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits signals to and from different parts of its body. Nervous tissue first arose in wormlike organisms about 550 to 600 million years ago. In vertebrate species it consists of two main parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists mainly of nerves, which are enclosed bundles of the long fibers or axons, that connect the CNS to every other part of the body. Nerves that transmit signals from the brain are called motor or efferent nerves, while those nerves that transmit information from the body to the CNS are called sensory or afferent. Most nerves serve both functions and are called mixed nerves. The PNS is divided into a) somatic and b) autonomic nervous system, and c) the enteric nervous system. Somatic nerves mediate voluntary movement. The autonomic nervous system is further subdivided into the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system is activated in cases of emergencies to mobilize energy, while the parasympathetic nervous system is activated when organisms are in a relaxed state. The enteric nervous system functions to control the gastrointestinal system. Both autonomic and enteric nervous systems function involuntarily. Nerves that exit from the cranium are called cranial nerves while those exiting from the spinal cord are called spinal nerves.At the cellular level, the nervous system is defined by the presence of a special type of cell, called the neuron, also known as a ""nerve cell"". Neurons have special structures that allow them to send signals rapidly and precisely to other cells. They send these signals in the form of electrochemical waves traveling along thin fibers called axons, which cause chemicals called neurotransmitters to be released at junctions called synapses. A cell that receives a synaptic signal from a neuron may be excited, inhibited, or otherwise modulated. The connections between neurons can form neural circuits and also neural networks that generate an organism's perception of the world and determine its behavior. Along with neurons, the nervous system contains other specialized cells called glial cells (or simply glia), which provide structural and metabolic support.Nervous systems are found in most multicellular animals, but vary greatly in complexity. The only multicellular animals that have no nervous system at all are sponges, placozoans, and mesozoans, which have very simple body plans. The nervous systems of the radially symmetric organisms ctenophores (comb jellies) and cnidarians (which include anemones, hydras, corals and jellyfish) consist of a diffuse nerve net. All other animal species, with the exception of a few types of worm, have a nervous system containing a brain, a central cord (or two cords running in parallel), and nerves radiating from the brain and central cord. The size of the nervous system ranges from a few hundred cells in the simplest worms, to around 100 billion cells in humans.The central nervous system functions to send signals from one cell to others, or from one part of the body to others and to receive feedback. Malfunction of the nervous system can occur as a result of genetic defects, physical damage due to trauma or toxicity, infection or simply of ageing. The medical specialty of neurology studies disorders of the nervous system and looks for interventions that can prevent or treat them. In the peripheral nervous system, the most common problem is the failure of nerve conduction, which can be due to different causes including diabetic neuropathy and demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Neuroscience is the field of science that focuses on the study of the nervous system.