European Respiratory Society Annual Congress 2012
... Reverse-transcription PCR and real-time PCR detected HRV and bacteria respectively, in sputum samples collected at baseline (n=57) and at exacerbation onset (n=70) using our usual symptomatic definition (Seemungal et al, 1998 AJRCCM). Exacerbation samples were taken prior to antibiotic and/or steroi ...
... Reverse-transcription PCR and real-time PCR detected HRV and bacteria respectively, in sputum samples collected at baseline (n=57) and at exacerbation onset (n=70) using our usual symptomatic definition (Seemungal et al, 1998 AJRCCM). Exacerbation samples were taken prior to antibiotic and/or steroi ...
Chapter 5 Concepts 1. Microorganisms require about 10 elements
... It appears that in natural environments complex populations of microorganisms often will metabolize even relatively indigestible human-made substances such as pesticides. Indigestible molecules sometimes are oxidized and degraded in the presence of a growthpromoting nutrient that is metabolized at t ...
... It appears that in natural environments complex populations of microorganisms often will metabolize even relatively indigestible human-made substances such as pesticides. Indigestible molecules sometimes are oxidized and degraded in the presence of a growthpromoting nutrient that is metabolized at t ...
Lab Diagnosis of GIT Infections
... selective media for vibrio: ferments sucrose and makes yellow colonies on blue-green plate. b. Colony appearance ...
... selective media for vibrio: ferments sucrose and makes yellow colonies on blue-green plate. b. Colony appearance ...
B: Chapter 1: Bacteria
... Sphere-shaped bacteria are called cocci (KAH ki) (singular, coccus), rod-shaped bacteria are called bacilli (buh SIH li) (singular, bacillus), and spiral-shaped bacteria are called spirilla (spi RIH luh) (singular, spirillum). Bacteria are smaller than plant or animal cells. They are one-celled orga ...
... Sphere-shaped bacteria are called cocci (KAH ki) (singular, coccus), rod-shaped bacteria are called bacilli (buh SIH li) (singular, bacillus), and spiral-shaped bacteria are called spirilla (spi RIH luh) (singular, spirillum). Bacteria are smaller than plant or animal cells. They are one-celled orga ...
UV toothbrush sterilizer
... The UV toothbrush sterilizer reduces your exposure to harmful bacteria and viruses, by sterilizing one of the most common breeding grounds: your toothbrush. Harmful bacteria and viruses living on your toothbrush are transferred to your mouth every time you brush your teeth. This can trigger a range ...
... The UV toothbrush sterilizer reduces your exposure to harmful bacteria and viruses, by sterilizing one of the most common breeding grounds: your toothbrush. Harmful bacteria and viruses living on your toothbrush are transferred to your mouth every time you brush your teeth. This can trigger a range ...
The use of signature sequences in different proteins
... was determined using a signature sequence approach that allows determination of the relative branching order of the major divisions among Bacteria [Gupta, R. S. (2000) FEMS Microbiol Rev 24, 367–402]. For this purpose, segments of the Hsp60 (groEL), Hsp70 (dnaK), CTP synthase and alanyl-tRNA synthet ...
... was determined using a signature sequence approach that allows determination of the relative branching order of the major divisions among Bacteria [Gupta, R. S. (2000) FEMS Microbiol Rev 24, 367–402]. For this purpose, segments of the Hsp60 (groEL), Hsp70 (dnaK), CTP synthase and alanyl-tRNA synthet ...
Microbial Evolution and Diversity
... the sphere—must have been the shape of the earliest bacteria. They then developed an evolutionary scheme based on this theory, in which all of the coccus-shaped bacteria were included in the same phylogenetic group. The validity of this classification has not been borne out by molecular phylogeny. F ...
... the sphere—must have been the shape of the earliest bacteria. They then developed an evolutionary scheme based on this theory, in which all of the coccus-shaped bacteria were included in the same phylogenetic group. The validity of this classification has not been borne out by molecular phylogeny. F ...
Rapid Chromatic Detection of Bacteria by Use of a New Biomimetic
... polymer (20). In all such systems, the mechanism for the chromatic transformations corresponds to surface perturbations and fluidity changes within the lipid domains, which induce the structural/chromatic transformations of the adjacent PDA matrix through the molecular interface between the two comp ...
... polymer (20). In all such systems, the mechanism for the chromatic transformations corresponds to surface perturbations and fluidity changes within the lipid domains, which induce the structural/chromatic transformations of the adjacent PDA matrix through the molecular interface between the two comp ...
Cutting Boards: Is That Surface Really Clean?
... • Escherichia coli is a common bacterium found in the human and animal intestinal tract. • It aids digestion, fights possible infection in the intestinal tract, and produces small amounts of vitamins B12 and K • E coli food poisoning occurs when, usually raw meat, or contaminated subjects are taken ...
... • Escherichia coli is a common bacterium found in the human and animal intestinal tract. • It aids digestion, fights possible infection in the intestinal tract, and produces small amounts of vitamins B12 and K • E coli food poisoning occurs when, usually raw meat, or contaminated subjects are taken ...
Division of Studies in English MICROBIOLOGY OUTLINE (1/4 MD
... - Gently wash of the stain with tap water - Gently apply Gram’s iodine for 1 minute - Gently wash of the stain with tap water - Add the alcohol (decolorizer) for 1 minute - Counterstain with safranin (or fuchsin) for 1 minute - Gently wash of the stain with tap water - Dry with bibulous paper Examin ...
... - Gently wash of the stain with tap water - Gently apply Gram’s iodine for 1 minute - Gently wash of the stain with tap water - Add the alcohol (decolorizer) for 1 minute - Counterstain with safranin (or fuchsin) for 1 minute - Gently wash of the stain with tap water - Dry with bibulous paper Examin ...
Organism Remodel Figures 20140619
... Concerns – genetic identification • There is fairly clearly a shift going on towards genetic identification (e.g., PCR) and away identification by classic . • Does this mean genetic CLASSIFICATION or does it just mean “shortcut” to the existing phenotypic classification ? • Facilitate automation an ...
... Concerns – genetic identification • There is fairly clearly a shift going on towards genetic identification (e.g., PCR) and away identification by classic . • Does this mean genetic CLASSIFICATION or does it just mean “shortcut” to the existing phenotypic classification ? • Facilitate automation an ...
Virulence Mechanisms in Tuberculosis
... that PGL seems to be reproduced by the Beijing strain, and can account for the increased virulence of the strain. LAM is an immunomodulator. 3. The TB Genome The first sequence of the TB genome, the H37Rv strain, was obtained 10 years ago. It is comprised of one circular chromosome, of 4.4 Mb, which ...
... that PGL seems to be reproduced by the Beijing strain, and can account for the increased virulence of the strain. LAM is an immunomodulator. 3. The TB Genome The first sequence of the TB genome, the H37Rv strain, was obtained 10 years ago. It is comprised of one circular chromosome, of 4.4 Mb, which ...
using silver nanoparticles to combat harmful bacteria
... it is unnecessary [1]. This can lead to artificial selection of even more resistant bacteria, worsening the problem. Once a bacterium has an AR gene, there are three main biological mechanisms which allow the bacterium to pass it on to others. The first mechanism, with which people are most familiar ...
... it is unnecessary [1]. This can lead to artificial selection of even more resistant bacteria, worsening the problem. Once a bacterium has an AR gene, there are three main biological mechanisms which allow the bacterium to pass it on to others. The first mechanism, with which people are most familiar ...
Chapter 27: The Diversification of Life
... Biologists who are responsible for cleaning up sites polluted with organic solvents and fuels face two challenges: (1) The polluted sediments are usually anoxic, so the overall decomposition rate is slow, and (2) at least some of the toxic compounds present are highly resistant to decomposition. Ins ...
... Biologists who are responsible for cleaning up sites polluted with organic solvents and fuels face two challenges: (1) The polluted sediments are usually anoxic, so the overall decomposition rate is slow, and (2) at least some of the toxic compounds present are highly resistant to decomposition. Ins ...
DOL_Ch02_Transmittal_Final_CW
... body is inhabited by countless organisms that usually go unnoticed. What are these organisms, and what do they do in the air, water, and soil that surround us? And what do they do inside us? ...
... body is inhabited by countless organisms that usually go unnoticed. What are these organisms, and what do they do in the air, water, and soil that surround us? And what do they do inside us? ...
Prokaryotes are diverse and widespread Prokaryotes are diverse
... Populations of prokaryotes can adapt rapidly to changes in the environment Some prokaryotes form specialized cells called endospores (芽孢; 内生孢子) that remain dormant through harsh (嚴峻) conditions. ...
... Populations of prokaryotes can adapt rapidly to changes in the environment Some prokaryotes form specialized cells called endospores (芽孢; 内生孢子) that remain dormant through harsh (嚴峻) conditions. ...
Characteristics Of Living Organisms
... BACTERIUM, PROTOZOAN or fungus. Typically pathogens are microscopic. The function of the immune system is 3 fold: Recognize pathogens DESTROY pathogens Remember pathogens -The two main types of defence are: specific (1st and 2nd lines of defence) and non-specific (3rd line of defence) ...
... BACTERIUM, PROTOZOAN or fungus. Typically pathogens are microscopic. The function of the immune system is 3 fold: Recognize pathogens DESTROY pathogens Remember pathogens -The two main types of defence are: specific (1st and 2nd lines of defence) and non-specific (3rd line of defence) ...
... the interesting point for the microbiological studies [1]. Conventional activated sludge is the main performance of biological treatment system that is widely used for the domestic and industrial waste water for the removal of organic matter [2], [3]. Activated sludge contains many microorganisms th ...
T -I O -D
... clear view of naturally-occurring phenomena. Soil samples are collected from wetland habitats, amended with simple inorganic and organic materials, then exposed to light as an external energy source. The results are a multicolored column of soil and water, each color linked to a chemical or biologic ...
... clear view of naturally-occurring phenomena. Soil samples are collected from wetland habitats, amended with simple inorganic and organic materials, then exposed to light as an external energy source. The results are a multicolored column of soil and water, each color linked to a chemical or biologic ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLE
... extracts has not been fully understood; it is believed that the active compounds of G. eriocephala leaves exert direct effects against Clinical pathogens Bacteria. Generally, the mechanism is probably due to their ability to complex with extracellular and soluble proteins and then to complex with ba ...
... extracts has not been fully understood; it is believed that the active compounds of G. eriocephala leaves exert direct effects against Clinical pathogens Bacteria. Generally, the mechanism is probably due to their ability to complex with extracellular and soluble proteins and then to complex with ba ...
Rhodothemus obamensis sp. nov., a Modern Lineage of Extremely
... properties, the new isolate resembled members of three extremely thermophilic genera, the genera Thermus, Thermomicrobium, and Rhodothermus (Table 2). However, the new isolate was significantly different from members of the genera Thermus and Thermomicrobium as determined by chemotaxononic character ...
... properties, the new isolate resembled members of three extremely thermophilic genera, the genera Thermus, Thermomicrobium, and Rhodothermus (Table 2). However, the new isolate was significantly different from members of the genera Thermus and Thermomicrobium as determined by chemotaxononic character ...
methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) information sheet
... the lung of a person with CF is low because the body’s immune system can keep these bacteria under control. This is referred to as bacterial colonization. There are several bacteria that most often colonize the lungs of people with CF. They are, Haemophilus influenzae (sometimes known as H. flu, whi ...
... the lung of a person with CF is low because the body’s immune system can keep these bacteria under control. This is referred to as bacterial colonization. There are several bacteria that most often colonize the lungs of people with CF. They are, Haemophilus influenzae (sometimes known as H. flu, whi ...
Cvičení 1
... lipopolysaccharide structure on the surface of the bacterial cell wall. The QCMD technique is combined with a microfluidic system and allows the label-free online detection of the binding of whole bacteria to the sensor surface in a wide dynamic concentration range. A detection limit of about 4 × ...
... lipopolysaccharide structure on the surface of the bacterial cell wall. The QCMD technique is combined with a microfluidic system and allows the label-free online detection of the binding of whole bacteria to the sensor surface in a wide dynamic concentration range. A detection limit of about 4 × ...
Cvičení 1
... lipopolysaccharide structure on the surface of the bacterial cell wall. The QCMD technique is combined with a microfluidic system and allows the label-free online detection of the binding of whole bacteria to the sensor surface in a wide dynamic concentration range. A detection limit of about 4 × 10 ...
... lipopolysaccharide structure on the surface of the bacterial cell wall. The QCMD technique is combined with a microfluidic system and allows the label-free online detection of the binding of whole bacteria to the sensor surface in a wide dynamic concentration range. A detection limit of about 4 × 10 ...
Bacteria
Bacteria (/bækˈtɪəriə/; singular: bacterium) constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep portions of Earth's crust. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationships with plants and animals. They are also known to have flourished in manned spacecraft.There are typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil and a million bacterial cells in a millilitre of fresh water. There are approximately 5×1030 bacteria on Earth, forming a biomass which exceeds that of all plants and animals. Bacteria are vital in recycling nutrients, with many of the stages in nutrient cycles dependent on these organisms, such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere and putrefaction. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. On 17 March 2013, researchers reported data that suggested bacterial life forms thrive in the Mariana Trench, which with a depth of up to 11 kilometres is the deepest part of the Earth's oceans. Other researchers reported related studies that microbes thrive inside rocks up to 580 metres below the sea floor under 2.6 kilometres of ocean off the coast of the northwestern United States. According to one of the researchers, ""You can find microbes everywhere — they're extremely adaptable to conditions, and survive wherever they are.""Most bacteria have not been characterized, and only about half of the phyla of bacteria have species that can be grown in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a branch of microbiology.There are approximately ten times as many bacterial cells in the human flora as there are human cells in the body, with the largest number of the human flora being in the gut flora, and a large number on the skin. The vast majority of the bacteria in the body are rendered harmless by the protective effects of the immune system, and some are beneficial. However, several species of bacteria are pathogenic and cause infectious diseases, including cholera, syphilis, anthrax, leprosy, and bubonic plague. The most common fatal bacterial diseases are respiratory infections, with tuberculosis alone killing about 2 million people per year, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. In developed countries, antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and are also used in farming, making antibiotic resistance a growing problem. In industry, bacteria are important in sewage treatment and the breakdown of oil spills, the production of cheese and yogurt through fermentation, and the recovery of gold, palladium, copper and other metals in the mining sector, as well as in biotechnology, and the manufacture of antibiotics and other chemicals.Once regarded as plants constituting the class Schizomycetes, bacteria are now classified as prokaryotes. Unlike cells of animals and other eukaryotes, bacterial cells do not contain a nucleus and rarely harbour membrane-bound organelles. Although the term bacteria traditionally included all prokaryotes, the scientific classification changed after the discovery in the 1990s that prokaryotes consist of two very different groups of organisms that evolved from an ancient common ancestor. These evolutionary domains are called Bacteria and Archaea.