Rewardcircuit - URMC - University of Rochester
... the cortico-basal ganglia network, is a central component for developing and monitoring motivated behaviors. Historically, however, the basal ganglia were best known for their relevance to motor functions, based both on the neuropathology of movement disorders and the idea that basal ganglia pathway ...
... the cortico-basal ganglia network, is a central component for developing and monitoring motivated behaviors. Historically, however, the basal ganglia were best known for their relevance to motor functions, based both on the neuropathology of movement disorders and the idea that basal ganglia pathway ...
INTRINSIC CONNECTIONS AND CYTOARCHITECTONIC DATA OF
... from the premotor one (2, 8, 58). In the cat and dog the problem of the presence of distinct layer IV in the prefrontal cortex is still under discussion. According to some authors in the dog's prefrontal cortex there are small subregions in which layer IV can be distinctly separated from adjacent co ...
... from the premotor one (2, 8, 58). In the cat and dog the problem of the presence of distinct layer IV in the prefrontal cortex is still under discussion. According to some authors in the dog's prefrontal cortex there are small subregions in which layer IV can be distinctly separated from adjacent co ...
Inhibitory control in high functioning autism: Decreased activation
... neuronal connectivity is essential for the ability to exert top-down control that allows voluntary response suppression. Investigating response inhibition from an underconnectivity perspective places a focus not only on the regions found to be involved in accomplishing inhibition but also on the coo ...
... neuronal connectivity is essential for the ability to exert top-down control that allows voluntary response suppression. Investigating response inhibition from an underconnectivity perspective places a focus not only on the regions found to be involved in accomplishing inhibition but also on the coo ...
Multisensory contributions to low-level, `unisensory` processing
... suprageniculate (SG) nuclei of the thalamus, in addition to the magnocellular (MGm) and anterior dorsal (AD) divisions of the medial geniculate nucleus. There is also an input from a population of neurons in the ventral posterior complex (VP), which is the main thalamic relay for the somatosensory s ...
... suprageniculate (SG) nuclei of the thalamus, in addition to the magnocellular (MGm) and anterior dorsal (AD) divisions of the medial geniculate nucleus. There is also an input from a population of neurons in the ventral posterior complex (VP), which is the main thalamic relay for the somatosensory s ...
Warm pleasant feelings in the brain
... representation the affective attributes of warm and cold thermal stimuli, as compared to other sensory attributes of thermal stimuli, such as their intensity. In addition, we tested the hypothesis of whether different brain regions track the subjective feelings of pleasantness vs unpleasantness evok ...
... representation the affective attributes of warm and cold thermal stimuli, as compared to other sensory attributes of thermal stimuli, such as their intensity. In addition, we tested the hypothesis of whether different brain regions track the subjective feelings of pleasantness vs unpleasantness evok ...
Laboratory Guide - Sites@Duke
... (Figure A21 from Neuroscience, 4th Ed., Sinauer Assoc., Inc.; after original scheme by N.B. Cant) brain as a fluid-filled space (consider for a moment the fact that the entire brain was once the walls of a simple hollow tube!). This space, known as the ventricular system, is filled with cerebrospina ...
... (Figure A21 from Neuroscience, 4th Ed., Sinauer Assoc., Inc.; after original scheme by N.B. Cant) brain as a fluid-filled space (consider for a moment the fact that the entire brain was once the walls of a simple hollow tube!). This space, known as the ventricular system, is filled with cerebrospina ...
Hasson-JNeurosci2008.. - Center for Neural Science
... scales. We present a novel procedure that identifies brain regions responsive to sensory information accumulated over different time scales. We measured functional magnetic resonance imaging activity while observers viewed silent films presented forward, backward, or piecewise-scrambled in time. Ear ...
... scales. We present a novel procedure that identifies brain regions responsive to sensory information accumulated over different time scales. We measured functional magnetic resonance imaging activity while observers viewed silent films presented forward, backward, or piecewise-scrambled in time. Ear ...
Neuroimaging findings in post-traumatic stress disorder Systematic
... localised functional changes include increased activation of the amygdala after symptom provocation (which may reflect its role in emotional memory) and decreased activity of Broca’s area atthe same time (which may explain the difficulty patients have in labelling their experiences). Conclusions Evi ...
... localised functional changes include increased activation of the amygdala after symptom provocation (which may reflect its role in emotional memory) and decreased activity of Broca’s area atthe same time (which may explain the difficulty patients have in labelling their experiences). Conclusions Evi ...
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,
... The task of guiding the eyes to behaviorally relevant stimuli depends on detailed sensory information and accurately timed oculomotor responses. Topographically specific sensory information and eye movement magnitude appear to be matched in area 8. For example, the rostral part of area 8, at the tip ...
... The task of guiding the eyes to behaviorally relevant stimuli depends on detailed sensory information and accurately timed oculomotor responses. Topographically specific sensory information and eye movement magnitude appear to be matched in area 8. For example, the rostral part of area 8, at the tip ...
Cortical control of saccades and fixation in man
... supplementary motor area (SMA), insula, cingulate, thalamus, midbrain, cerebellum and right superior temporal gyms (Brodmann s area 22). Compared with the individual saccadic tasks, central fixation activated extensive regions of ventromedial (areas 10, 11 and 32) and anterolateral (areas 8, 9, 10, ...
... supplementary motor area (SMA), insula, cingulate, thalamus, midbrain, cerebellum and right superior temporal gyms (Brodmann s area 22). Compared with the individual saccadic tasks, central fixation activated extensive regions of ventromedial (areas 10, 11 and 32) and anterolateral (areas 8, 9, 10, ...
The amygdala - University of Puget Sound
... of the cortex — rather than amygdala regions related to the cortex — while the central and medial amygdala are said to be ventral extensions of the striatum. This scheme has merit, but in this Primer I shall focus on the organization and function of the nuclei and subnuclei that are traditionally sa ...
... of the cortex — rather than amygdala regions related to the cortex — while the central and medial amygdala are said to be ventral extensions of the striatum. This scheme has merit, but in this Primer I shall focus on the organization and function of the nuclei and subnuclei that are traditionally sa ...
Rules relating connections to cortical structure in primate prefrontal cortex H. Barbas
... The structural di2erences that appear to underlie the pattern of corticocortical connections may arise during development. The lower overall density of neurons in limbic areas in comparison with the eulaminate areas can be explained if limbic areas complete their development earlier than the eulamin ...
... The structural di2erences that appear to underlie the pattern of corticocortical connections may arise during development. The lower overall density of neurons in limbic areas in comparison with the eulaminate areas can be explained if limbic areas complete their development earlier than the eulamin ...
Frontal lobe dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
... spinal function (see Table 2, lower scores represent greater functional impairment). There was no significant difference between the two patient groups in the separate bulbar and spinal function disability scores, although a non-significant trend emerged for the comparison of total disability scores ...
... spinal function (see Table 2, lower scores represent greater functional impairment). There was no significant difference between the two patient groups in the separate bulbar and spinal function disability scores, although a non-significant trend emerged for the comparison of total disability scores ...
Read Article - University of Northern Colorado
... emerges to account for the varying findings for the hippocampus. There are a variety of potentially confounding factors in autism research that challenge the scientific community that are not MRI specific, such as age, gender, IQ, and the inherent heterogeneity of the disorder separate from these ot ...
... emerges to account for the varying findings for the hippocampus. There are a variety of potentially confounding factors in autism research that challenge the scientific community that are not MRI specific, such as age, gender, IQ, and the inherent heterogeneity of the disorder separate from these ot ...
KIDS, Inc. - School Neuropsychology
... • Midbrain lesions have been associated with specific movement disabilities such as certain types of tremors, rigidity, and extraneous movements of local muscle groups. • Even impaired memory retrieval has been associated with damage to midbrain pathways projecting to structures in the memory syst ...
... • Midbrain lesions have been associated with specific movement disabilities such as certain types of tremors, rigidity, and extraneous movements of local muscle groups. • Even impaired memory retrieval has been associated with damage to midbrain pathways projecting to structures in the memory syst ...
Ominous odors: olfactory control of instinctive fear and aggression in
... [22]. They exposed mice to ethologically relevant ligand sources such as conspecific and heterospecific bedding material and correlated sensory neural activity with the functional identity of the VR. They found many VRs activated selectively by either female or male mouse odors (including putative ...
... [22]. They exposed mice to ethologically relevant ligand sources such as conspecific and heterospecific bedding material and correlated sensory neural activity with the functional identity of the VR. They found many VRs activated selectively by either female or male mouse odors (including putative ...
Specialized Elements of Orbitofrontal Cortex in Primates
... with primary olfactory areas and rich connections with high-order sensory association cortices. Posterior orbitofrontal areas are further distinguished by dense and distinct patterns of connections with the amygdala and memory-related anterior temporal lobe structures that may convey signals about e ...
... with primary olfactory areas and rich connections with high-order sensory association cortices. Posterior orbitofrontal areas are further distinguished by dense and distinct patterns of connections with the amygdala and memory-related anterior temporal lobe structures that may convey signals about e ...
Specialization within the ventral stream: The case for the visual word
... upper- and lower-case letters, and its lesion results in the selective loss of reading-specific processes (functional specialization). Third, the issue of regional selectivity, namely the existence of putative cortical patches dedicated to letter and word recognition, cannot be resolved by positron ...
... upper- and lower-case letters, and its lesion results in the selective loss of reading-specific processes (functional specialization). Third, the issue of regional selectivity, namely the existence of putative cortical patches dedicated to letter and word recognition, cannot be resolved by positron ...
The Neuroscience of Spontaneous Thought: An Evolving
... for recent neuroscientific findings (see Section 4). Although this section has given much weight to process models of spontaneous thought, the content of spontaneous thought is also key, and variability in thought content over time is an important manifestation of its dynamic flow. Additionally, num ...
... for recent neuroscientific findings (see Section 4). Although this section has given much weight to process models of spontaneous thought, the content of spontaneous thought is also key, and variability in thought content over time is an important manifestation of its dynamic flow. Additionally, num ...
Visuospatial processing and the right
... speech and dominates language functions, has greater fine motor control, and superior cognitive abilities in general. Split-brain researchers have suggested that the left hemisphere often over-rules the right, even when it does not possess task-relevant information, and that it is ‘‘in control’’ most ...
... speech and dominates language functions, has greater fine motor control, and superior cognitive abilities in general. Split-brain researchers have suggested that the left hemisphere often over-rules the right, even when it does not possess task-relevant information, and that it is ‘‘in control’’ most ...
Connection Patterns Distinguish 3 Regions of Human Parietal Cortex
... To determine whether cortical areas possessed characteristic patterns of connection probability from the subcortical areas considered, we carried out repeated-measures analyses of variance on the data, with factors for seed area and target area. Huyhn--Feldt adjustment was applied where necessary. D ...
... To determine whether cortical areas possessed characteristic patterns of connection probability from the subcortical areas considered, we carried out repeated-measures analyses of variance on the data, with factors for seed area and target area. Huyhn--Feldt adjustment was applied where necessary. D ...
Hemispheric Differences in the Activation of
... hemispheric differences when the perceptual form of objects was altered on repeated presentation using a visual half-field technique in combination with a repetition priming procedure (Marsolek, 1995, 1999). In one study (Marsolek, 1999), participants viewed objects presented centrally in a study ph ...
... hemispheric differences when the perceptual form of objects was altered on repeated presentation using a visual half-field technique in combination with a repetition priming procedure (Marsolek, 1995, 1999). In one study (Marsolek, 1999), participants viewed objects presented centrally in a study ph ...
Motor Areas of the Medial Wall: A Review of Their Location and
... portion of the cingulate sulcus during a spatial delayed response task (Niki and Watanabe, 1976,1979). The differences between the rostral and caudal cingulate motor areas seen during simple tasks suggest that even more prominent differences will be present for more complex tasks. Recently, we used ...
... portion of the cingulate sulcus during a spatial delayed response task (Niki and Watanabe, 1976,1979). The differences between the rostral and caudal cingulate motor areas seen during simple tasks suggest that even more prominent differences will be present for more complex tasks. Recently, we used ...
Changes in Prefrontal Neuronal Activity after
... stimulus at the 9 grid locations. Neurons with significantly different responses to the 9 stimulus locations (ANOVA,P <0.05) were considered spatially selective. Average firing rates recorded for each of the stimulus set were rotated around the center so that the best location was plotted in location ...
... stimulus at the 9 grid locations. Neurons with significantly different responses to the 9 stimulus locations (ANOVA,P <0.05) were considered spatially selective. Average firing rates recorded for each of the stimulus set were rotated around the center so that the best location was plotted in location ...
new insights into the functions of the superior temporal cortex
... Unfortunately, only two of these five monkeys received a lesion at one location only. In all other animals in which Watson et al.2 made STS lesions, ablation was added to pre-existing brain lesions (of inferior parietal cortex in two cases, and of frontal cortex and corpus callosum in the third). On ...
... Unfortunately, only two of these five monkeys received a lesion at one location only. In all other animals in which Watson et al.2 made STS lesions, ablation was added to pre-existing brain lesions (of inferior parietal cortex in two cases, and of frontal cortex and corpus callosum in the third). On ...