... working on drug dependence. Responsibility is not for those who work directly with patients only; it is also necessary to study the cocaine addiction process in research environments to allow methodological controls to be able to test hypotheses and to put forward theories. Along these lines, the ef ...
The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance: a
... conditioning procedure, complex responses are acquired (reinforced) by the outcomes they produce.39–41 This form of learning was viewed as more relevant to complex human behaviors than Pavlovian conditioning, which involves simpler behavioral and physiological reactions. Coming out of this behaviori ...
... conditioning procedure, complex responses are acquired (reinforced) by the outcomes they produce.39–41 This form of learning was viewed as more relevant to complex human behaviors than Pavlovian conditioning, which involves simpler behavioral and physiological reactions. Coming out of this behaviori ...
The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance
... conditioning procedure, complex responses are acquired (reinforced) by the outcomes they produce.39–41 This form of learning was viewed as more relevant to complex human behaviors than Pavlovian conditioning, which involves simpler behavioral and physiological reactions. Coming out of this behaviori ...
... conditioning procedure, complex responses are acquired (reinforced) by the outcomes they produce.39–41 This form of learning was viewed as more relevant to complex human behaviors than Pavlovian conditioning, which involves simpler behavioral and physiological reactions. Coming out of this behaviori ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a description and preliminary
... intact in 1955), a subset of the histological slides, and the road map that identifies the locations in the brain of the specific blocks that yielded the slides were donated by Dr Harvey’s Estate and curated by the National Museum of Health and Medicine in 2010. Except for those mentioned in the rep ...
... intact in 1955), a subset of the histological slides, and the road map that identifies the locations in the brain of the specific blocks that yielded the slides were donated by Dr Harvey’s Estate and curated by the National Museum of Health and Medicine in 2010. Except for those mentioned in the rep ...
DOPAMINERGIC AUGMENTATION of HUMAN FEAR EXTINCTION
... In order to investigate the biological underpinnings of anxiety related disorders and their exposure based treatment, laboratory models of classical fear conditioning and extinction have received much interest in the last decades (Milad & Quirk 2012). The translation of neurobiological and pharmacol ...
... In order to investigate the biological underpinnings of anxiety related disorders and their exposure based treatment, laboratory models of classical fear conditioning and extinction have received much interest in the last decades (Milad & Quirk 2012). The translation of neurobiological and pharmacol ...
The cerebral cortex of Albert Einstein: a
... intact in 1955), a subset of the histological slides, and the road map that identifies the locations in the brain of the specific blocks that yielded the slides were donated by Dr Harvey’s Estate and curated by the National Museum of Health and Medicine in 2010. Except for those mentioned in the rep ...
... intact in 1955), a subset of the histological slides, and the road map that identifies the locations in the brain of the specific blocks that yielded the slides were donated by Dr Harvey’s Estate and curated by the National Museum of Health and Medicine in 2010. Except for those mentioned in the rep ...
Selective attention through selective neuronal synchronization
... Selective synchronization and selective attentional processing 1c). Consistent with this hypothesis, the interaction pattern of one neuronal group (A) with two other groups (B and C) can be predicted by their pattern of precise synchronization (Figure 1c). This has recently been demonstrated for in ...
... Selective synchronization and selective attentional processing 1c). Consistent with this hypothesis, the interaction pattern of one neuronal group (A) with two other groups (B and C) can be predicted by their pattern of precise synchronization (Figure 1c). This has recently been demonstrated for in ...
Learned Helplessness at Fifty: Insights From Neuroscience
... to learn to escape in a different environment and whether control/ lack of control is the critical underlying dimension (summarized in Maier & Seligman, 1976). Most of these investigations were focused on why INESC produces consequences such as failure to learn to escape, not why ESC did not do so. ...
... to learn to escape in a different environment and whether control/ lack of control is the critical underlying dimension (summarized in Maier & Seligman, 1976). Most of these investigations were focused on why INESC produces consequences such as failure to learn to escape, not why ESC did not do so. ...
The relation of emotions to placebo responses
... from Rhudy et al. [18] with kind permission from the publisher. ...
... from Rhudy et al. [18] with kind permission from the publisher. ...
The relation of emotions to placebo responses
... from Rhudy et al. [18] with kind permission from the publisher. ...
... from Rhudy et al. [18] with kind permission from the publisher. ...
Travis, F.T. and Arenander, A. (2006). Cross-Sectional
... tendency of the mind to expand” (for further discussion see (Maharishi, 1969; Roth, 1994; Travis, et al., 2002). Measures of Personality and Psychological Traits Emotional Stability. The emotional stability sub-scale from the International Personality Item Pool was used. The International Personalit ...
... tendency of the mind to expand” (for further discussion see (Maharishi, 1969; Roth, 1994; Travis, et al., 2002). Measures of Personality and Psychological Traits Emotional Stability. The emotional stability sub-scale from the International Personality Item Pool was used. The International Personalit ...
Synaptic Distinction of Laminar-specific Prefrontal-temporal Pathways in Primates
... contained no mitochondria. The systematic laminar-specific presynaptic differences in stable cortical synapses in adult primates were independent of their origin in the functionally distinct prefrontal areas 10 and 32, or their destination in architectonically distinct superior temporal areas. This ...
... contained no mitochondria. The systematic laminar-specific presynaptic differences in stable cortical synapses in adult primates were independent of their origin in the functionally distinct prefrontal areas 10 and 32, or their destination in architectonically distinct superior temporal areas. This ...
response inhibition is differentially related to instrumental and
... group were instructed to either regulate or not to regulate their emotions during the competition. Response inhibition was impaired after the competition when healthy participants were not required to regulate emotions. The ADHD group showed an overall lack of emotional regulation and repsonse inhib ...
... group were instructed to either regulate or not to regulate their emotions during the competition. Response inhibition was impaired after the competition when healthy participants were not required to regulate emotions. The ADHD group showed an overall lack of emotional regulation and repsonse inhib ...
Are there three subdivisions in the primate subthalamic nucleus? Max C. Keuken
... STN for human and nonhuman primates or used cytoarchitectonic studies of the STN for human and nonhuman primates (Foix and Nicolesco, 1925; Kodama, 1928; Whittier and Mettler, 1949; Nauta and Mehler, 1966; Carpenter and Strominger, 1967; Fussenich, 1967; Carpenter et al., 1968, 1981a,b; Petras, 1968 ...
... STN for human and nonhuman primates or used cytoarchitectonic studies of the STN for human and nonhuman primates (Foix and Nicolesco, 1925; Kodama, 1928; Whittier and Mettler, 1949; Nauta and Mehler, 1966; Carpenter and Strominger, 1967; Fussenich, 1967; Carpenter et al., 1968, 1981a,b; Petras, 1968 ...
Diversity of laminar connections linking periarcuate and
... procedures, we showed that laminar-specific connections between distinct prefrontal (areas 46 and 8) and lateral intraparietal (LIPv, LIPd and 7a) areas in Macaca mulatta, studied with neural tracers, varied systematically according to rules determined by the laminar architecture of the linked areas ...
... procedures, we showed that laminar-specific connections between distinct prefrontal (areas 46 and 8) and lateral intraparietal (LIPv, LIPd and 7a) areas in Macaca mulatta, studied with neural tracers, varied systematically according to rules determined by the laminar architecture of the linked areas ...
The cortical column: a structure without a function
... spanning the layers of the somatosensory cortex, which contains cells responsive to only a single modality, such as deep joint receptors or cutaneous receptors. Subsequently, examples of columns have been uncovered in numerous cortical areas, expanding the original concept to embrace a variety of di ...
... spanning the layers of the somatosensory cortex, which contains cells responsive to only a single modality, such as deep joint receptors or cutaneous receptors. Subsequently, examples of columns have been uncovered in numerous cortical areas, expanding the original concept to embrace a variety of di ...
... abnormalities in the top-down control dorsal attentional network seem to be related to the trait of having had ADHD in childhood, as the abnormalities were comparable in adults who had remitted or who had persistent ADHD. On the basis of our data, we propose a model of ADHD physiopathology in which ...
(2000). Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior.
... sleep / wake cycle and levels of arousal within a particular state. Obviously, behavior is quite different when one is asleep or awake, and when awake there is a certain basic level of arousal or spontaneous activity that is independent of, though modulated by, sensory inputs. In summary, there are ...
... sleep / wake cycle and levels of arousal within a particular state. Obviously, behavior is quite different when one is asleep or awake, and when awake there is a certain basic level of arousal or spontaneous activity that is independent of, though modulated by, sensory inputs. In summary, there are ...
Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated
... sleep / wake cycle and levels of arousal within a particular state. Obviously, behavior is quite different when one is asleep or awake, and when awake there is a certain basic level of arousal or spontaneous activity that is independent of, though modulated by, sensory inputs. In summary, there are ...
... sleep / wake cycle and levels of arousal within a particular state. Obviously, behavior is quite different when one is asleep or awake, and when awake there is a certain basic level of arousal or spontaneous activity that is independent of, though modulated by, sensory inputs. In summary, there are ...
Neural Coding of Distinct Statistical Properties of
... into complex behavioral characteristics including learning and motivation. Reward information can be extracted from a large variety of stimuli and concerns the presence, qualities and magnitudes of rewards, their predictability and the motivational value associated with them. Of the many stimuli occ ...
... into complex behavioral characteristics including learning and motivation. Reward information can be extracted from a large variety of stimuli and concerns the presence, qualities and magnitudes of rewards, their predictability and the motivational value associated with them. Of the many stimuli occ ...
Effort and Valuation in the Brain
... networks are thought to be crucial in supporting effortful action to gain reward (Phillips et al., 2007), but precisely how effort affects the neural coding of reward value is unclear. The fact that options associated with greater costs are in some cases associated with greater value (Johnson and Ga ...
... networks are thought to be crucial in supporting effortful action to gain reward (Phillips et al., 2007), but precisely how effort affects the neural coding of reward value is unclear. The fact that options associated with greater costs are in some cases associated with greater value (Johnson and Ga ...
this article - Zald Affective Neuroscience Lab | Vanderbilt University
... defines anhedonia as diminished interest or pleasure in response to stimuli that were previously perceived as rewarding during a pre-morbid state (DSM-IV-TR). Along with depressed mood, anhedonia is one of two required symptoms for a diagnosis of MDD Q2 (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; World ...
... defines anhedonia as diminished interest or pleasure in response to stimuli that were previously perceived as rewarding during a pre-morbid state (DSM-IV-TR). Along with depressed mood, anhedonia is one of two required symptoms for a diagnosis of MDD Q2 (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; World ...
The auditory cortex
... shown. It is important to note that all the topographies shown (1-6) and the excitation by contralateral and ipsilateral ear (EE) and excitation by contralateral and inhibition by ipsilateral ear (EI) clusters are superimposed on every isofrequency stripe that can be considered. For better visibilit ...
... shown. It is important to note that all the topographies shown (1-6) and the excitation by contralateral and ipsilateral ear (EE) and excitation by contralateral and inhibition by ipsilateral ear (EI) clusters are superimposed on every isofrequency stripe that can be considered. For better visibilit ...
Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions
... Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions related to psychiatric disorders Albert Batalla Cases ...
... Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions related to psychiatric disorders Albert Batalla Cases ...
Topographically Specific Hippocampal Projections Target Functionally Distinct Prefrontal Areas in the
... The sources of ipsilateral projections from the hippocampal formation, the presubiculum, area 29a-c, and parasubiculum to medial, orbital, and lateral prefrontal cortices were studied with retrograde tracers in 27 rhesus monkeys. labeled neurons within the hippocampal formation (CA1, CA1’, prosubicu ...
... The sources of ipsilateral projections from the hippocampal formation, the presubiculum, area 29a-c, and parasubiculum to medial, orbital, and lateral prefrontal cortices were studied with retrograde tracers in 27 rhesus monkeys. labeled neurons within the hippocampal formation (CA1, CA1’, prosubicu ...