Attention maps in the brain - Site BU
... of targets simultaneously displayed in two separated locations, a condition that we label as ‘Attend2’ (see Figure 3(a) and (b)). We used RSVP streams in which each digit was immediately masked by the following digit and there were no other overt cues to the appearance of a target. Subjects were req ...
... of targets simultaneously displayed in two separated locations, a condition that we label as ‘Attend2’ (see Figure 3(a) and (b)). We used RSVP streams in which each digit was immediately masked by the following digit and there were no other overt cues to the appearance of a target. Subjects were req ...
9.14 Questions on chapter 1 of Brain Structure and Its
... 14) Describe advantages of using fluorescent molecules for tract tracing. They have become increasingly used as the sensitivity of fluorescence microscopy has improved. 15) What is the method of diffusion tensor imaging? What are its advantages and its limitations? ...
... 14) Describe advantages of using fluorescent molecules for tract tracing. They have become increasingly used as the sensitivity of fluorescence microscopy has improved. 15) What is the method of diffusion tensor imaging? What are its advantages and its limitations? ...
ling411-13 - Rice University
... “If neurons in the functional web are strongly linked, they should show similar response properties in neurophysiological experiments. “If the neurons of the functional web are necessary for the optimal processing of the represented entity, lesion of a significant portion of the network neurons must ...
... “If neurons in the functional web are strongly linked, they should show similar response properties in neurophysiological experiments. “If the neurons of the functional web are necessary for the optimal processing of the represented entity, lesion of a significant portion of the network neurons must ...
Looking for the roots of cortical sensory computation in three
... the basis of hodology and position, often compared to and hippocampal cortices parahippocampal [26,51,52,53]. Both PCx and DCx are thus directly connected to associational networks, likely involved in controlling or modulating behavior. PCx and DCx are further interconnected with other cortical-lik ...
... the basis of hodology and position, often compared to and hippocampal cortices parahippocampal [26,51,52,53]. Both PCx and DCx are thus directly connected to associational networks, likely involved in controlling or modulating behavior. PCx and DCx are further interconnected with other cortical-lik ...
Cortical surface area and cortical thickness in the precuneus
... The precuneus of the human brain has received much attention in the last decade (Margulies et al., 2009; Zhang and Li, 2012). For long time parietal areas have been somehow neglected in terms of comparative neuroanatomy and functional analyses, at least when compared with other cortical districts th ...
... The precuneus of the human brain has received much attention in the last decade (Margulies et al., 2009; Zhang and Li, 2012). For long time parietal areas have been somehow neglected in terms of comparative neuroanatomy and functional analyses, at least when compared with other cortical districts th ...
Plasticity of Sensory and Motor Maps in Adult Mammals
... Kinnman& Aldskogius 1986). A new somatotopic organization is created in area 3b, the representations of the dorsal surfaces of digits 1-3 become many times larger than in normal animals, and receptive fields on the dorsal hand for neurons in this altered cortex are much smaller than normally seen fo ...
... Kinnman& Aldskogius 1986). A new somatotopic organization is created in area 3b, the representations of the dorsal surfaces of digits 1-3 become many times larger than in normal animals, and receptive fields on the dorsal hand for neurons in this altered cortex are much smaller than normally seen fo ...
University of Groningen The hearing brain in males and
... The transverse gyrus is often partially duplicated into a double or occasionally triple convexity (Leonard et al., 1998). If the transverse gyrus is duplicated, the PAC is located in the anterior-most gyrus. The cytoarchitecture of the PAC is described as koniocortex or granular cortex and designate ...
... The transverse gyrus is often partially duplicated into a double or occasionally triple convexity (Leonard et al., 1998). If the transverse gyrus is duplicated, the PAC is located in the anterior-most gyrus. The cytoarchitecture of the PAC is described as koniocortex or granular cortex and designate ...
The Integrated Nature of Motor Cortical Function
... active during a wide range of finger and wrist movements, rather than being narrowly involved with particular movements (e.g., that of a single finger). We recently showed that during pointing, a natural human gesture, activation of shoulder, elbow, and wrist muscles involve, at least in part, commo ...
... active during a wide range of finger and wrist movements, rather than being narrowly involved with particular movements (e.g., that of a single finger). We recently showed that during pointing, a natural human gesture, activation of shoulder, elbow, and wrist muscles involve, at least in part, commo ...
download file
... recording sites were clearly in A1 were used in this study (767 pairs total) since correlations are known to be weaker across area boundaries (Eggermont, 2000). Statistical signiWcance was determined using two-tailed t-tests. 3. Results The data presented here were collected from the right A1 of 48 ...
... recording sites were clearly in A1 were used in this study (767 pairs total) since correlations are known to be weaker across area boundaries (Eggermont, 2000). Statistical signiWcance was determined using two-tailed t-tests. 3. Results The data presented here were collected from the right A1 of 48 ...
Corticofugal Modulation of Initial Sound
... mixture of ketamine (85 mg/kg, i.p.) and xylazine (15 mg/kg, i.p.), the mouse’s head was fixed in a custom-made head holder by rigidly clamping between the palate and nasal/frontal bones. The mouth bar was adjusted to align the bregma and points of the skull in one horizontal plane. The scalp was ...
... mixture of ketamine (85 mg/kg, i.p.) and xylazine (15 mg/kg, i.p.), the mouse’s head was fixed in a custom-made head holder by rigidly clamping between the palate and nasal/frontal bones. The mouth bar was adjusted to align the bregma and points of the skull in one horizontal plane. The scalp was ...
5. the architecture of the visual cortex
... millimeters, although a few travel up to 4 or 5 millimeters. This limitation in lateral spread of information has profound consequences. If the inputs are topographically organized—in the case of the visual system, organized according to retinal or visual-field position—the same must be true for the ...
... millimeters, although a few travel up to 4 or 5 millimeters. This limitation in lateral spread of information has profound consequences. If the inputs are topographically organized—in the case of the visual system, organized according to retinal or visual-field position—the same must be true for the ...
Patient Machine Interface for the Control of Mechanical Ventilation
... activities have to be precisely coordinated to ensure efficient ventilation. While brainstem centers provide the most natural control signal they are buried deep in the brain. This could hamper the detection of the signals from non-invasive EEG electrodes. There are however, two arguments supporting ...
... activities have to be precisely coordinated to ensure efficient ventilation. While brainstem centers provide the most natural control signal they are buried deep in the brain. This could hamper the detection of the signals from non-invasive EEG electrodes. There are however, two arguments supporting ...
Single nucleotide polymorphism in the neuroplastin locus
... Twin studies have demonstrated that brain structure is under significant genetic influence,7 with cortical thickness showing high heritability in children1,8 and adults.9,10 Differences in heritability are nonetheless notable. First, comparison of estimates of genetic effects in the left and right hem ...
... Twin studies have demonstrated that brain structure is under significant genetic influence,7 with cortical thickness showing high heritability in children1,8 and adults.9,10 Differences in heritability are nonetheless notable. First, comparison of estimates of genetic effects in the left and right hem ...
CATEGORIES IN THE PIGEON BRAIN - Ruhr-Universität
... (Kriegeskorte et al., 2008). Hence, categorical ...
... (Kriegeskorte et al., 2008). Hence, categorical ...
The Primary Brain Vesicles Revisited: Are the Three
... folds at stage 9 [O’Rahilly and Gardner, 1979; O’Rahilly et al., 1989], before any portions of the neural folds have closed (fig. 4). In the initial human neural tube, O’Rahilly and Gardner [1979, p. 129] described that ‘external views of the brain may show at most a swelling of the hindbrain, which ...
... folds at stage 9 [O’Rahilly and Gardner, 1979; O’Rahilly et al., 1989], before any portions of the neural folds have closed (fig. 4). In the initial human neural tube, O’Rahilly and Gardner [1979, p. 129] described that ‘external views of the brain may show at most a swelling of the hindbrain, which ...
Human Neural Systems for Face Recognition and Social
... which brain regions participate in a perceptual or cogntitive function and how their participation is modulated by other processes, such as attention or memory, but imaging data cannot indicate which of these brain regions are critical for the successful performance of a perceptual or cognitive oper ...
... which brain regions participate in a perceptual or cogntitive function and how their participation is modulated by other processes, such as attention or memory, but imaging data cannot indicate which of these brain regions are critical for the successful performance of a perceptual or cognitive oper ...
Layer-Specific Markers as Probes for Neuron Type Identity in
... immunohistochemistry in addition to routine stains, reported a Bnear inversion[ of cortical layers in both LIS1 and DCX lissencephaly, although subtle differences between them were also found. In contrast, Sheen et al (21) reached a completely different conclusion. Using layer-specific neuronal mark ...
... immunohistochemistry in addition to routine stains, reported a Bnear inversion[ of cortical layers in both LIS1 and DCX lissencephaly, although subtle differences between them were also found. In contrast, Sheen et al (21) reached a completely different conclusion. Using layer-specific neuronal mark ...
Simultaneous Two-Photon Calcium Imaging of Entire Cortical
... thick). Even though many long-range axonal inputs to cortical columns within each slice are severed, this reductionist approach has provided a wealth of insight into layer-specific physiological properties of neurons and interlaminar flow of neural impulses. This approach makes use of multiple intra ...
... thick). Even though many long-range axonal inputs to cortical columns within each slice are severed, this reductionist approach has provided a wealth of insight into layer-specific physiological properties of neurons and interlaminar flow of neural impulses. This approach makes use of multiple intra ...
Imaging the premotor areas Nathalie Picard* and Peter L Strick
... motor area(s) in the RCZ? We propose that they reflect the properties of two different functional regions: conflict monitoring within the RCZa and selection for action within the RCZp. For example, a series of imaging studies that were carefully designed to control conflict monitoring, found activat ...
... motor area(s) in the RCZ? We propose that they reflect the properties of two different functional regions: conflict monitoring within the RCZa and selection for action within the RCZp. For example, a series of imaging studies that were carefully designed to control conflict monitoring, found activat ...
Action Representation in Mirror Neurons
... discharge not just to the execution or observation of a specific action but also when this action can only be heard. Multimodal neurons have been described in several cortical areas and subcortical centers, including the superior temporal sulcus region (6–8), the ventral premotor cortex (9–14), and ...
... discharge not just to the execution or observation of a specific action but also when this action can only be heard. Multimodal neurons have been described in several cortical areas and subcortical centers, including the superior temporal sulcus region (6–8), the ventral premotor cortex (9–14), and ...
Visual Properties of Neurons in a Polysensory Area in Superior
... Most STP units, 70% of the 199 tested, had little or no preference for stimulus size, shape, orientation, or contrast. These nonselective units would respond similarly to spots and slits of light, to shadows, to slides and photographs of complex objects, and to three-dimensional objects. Many of the ...
... Most STP units, 70% of the 199 tested, had little or no preference for stimulus size, shape, orientation, or contrast. These nonselective units would respond similarly to spots and slits of light, to shadows, to slides and photographs of complex objects, and to three-dimensional objects. Many of the ...
The Somatosensory System
... micturition centers result in reflex activation of pontine and spinal micturition centers when the bladder is full • Normal emptying but not under voluntary control • Causes of frontal type incontinence: hydrocephalus, parasagittal meningioma, traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative disorders ...
... micturition centers result in reflex activation of pontine and spinal micturition centers when the bladder is full • Normal emptying but not under voluntary control • Causes of frontal type incontinence: hydrocephalus, parasagittal meningioma, traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative disorders ...
May 21, 04copy.doc
... GABA Receptor Subunits and Sensory Deprivation GABAA receptors subunits comprise a family of at least 17 subunits (Davies et al., 1997). Each subunit is expressed in a particular laminar pattern in SI and visual cortex (V1). For instance, in SI and V1, the α1 subunit, which is present in the majori ...
... GABA Receptor Subunits and Sensory Deprivation GABAA receptors subunits comprise a family of at least 17 subunits (Davies et al., 1997). Each subunit is expressed in a particular laminar pattern in SI and visual cortex (V1). For instance, in SI and V1, the α1 subunit, which is present in the majori ...
Reconstructing the Engram: Neurotechnique Simultaneous, Multisite
... revealed that, whereas a very restricted sensory response is usually observed in the PrV, the sensory responses in the SpV, VPM, and SI cortex cannot be defined as discrete representations of the cutaneous periphery. Figure 5 further supports this finding by demonstrating that stimulation of differe ...
... revealed that, whereas a very restricted sensory response is usually observed in the PrV, the sensory responses in the SpV, VPM, and SI cortex cannot be defined as discrete representations of the cutaneous periphery. Figure 5 further supports this finding by demonstrating that stimulation of differe ...
Contributions to the Understanding of the Neural Bases of
... So, consciousness is a function of numerous interacting systems. Certainly, without higher brain stem and diencephalic integration it cannot exist. In fact, consciousness is not a single process but a collection of many processes, such as those associated with language, thinking, memory, emotion, fe ...
... So, consciousness is a function of numerous interacting systems. Certainly, without higher brain stem and diencephalic integration it cannot exist. In fact, consciousness is not a single process but a collection of many processes, such as those associated with language, thinking, memory, emotion, fe ...
Cortical cooling
Neuroscientists generate various studies to help explain many of the complex connections and functions of the brain. Most studies utilize animal models that have varying degrees of comparison to the human brain; for example, small rodents are less comparable than non-human primates. One of the most definitive ways of determining which sections of the brain contribute to certain behavior or function is to deactivate a section of the brain and observe what behavior is altered. Investigators have a wide range of options for deactivating neural tissue, and one of the more recently developed methods being used is deactivation through cooling. Cortical cooling refers to the cooling methods restricted to the cerebral cortex, where most higher brain processes occur. Below is a list of current cooling methods, their advantages and limitations, and some studies that have used cooling to elucidate neural functions.