Lab Investigation: Examining a Single Gene
... • Keeping in mind what a cell does when it replicates its DNA, make a list of steps involved in replicating DNA: ...
... • Keeping in mind what a cell does when it replicates its DNA, make a list of steps involved in replicating DNA: ...
PcrA Helicase Tightly Couples ATP Hydrolysis to Unwinding Double
... Alternatively, if the concentration of free PcrA is high, binding may be fast enough to limit any reannealing. In this way, the train of PcrA molecules can move through the duplex, in a way proposed for other helicases that otherwise would have low processivity (9, 10). PcrA from free solution can b ...
... Alternatively, if the concentration of free PcrA is high, binding may be fast enough to limit any reannealing. In this way, the train of PcrA molecules can move through the duplex, in a way proposed for other helicases that otherwise would have low processivity (9, 10). PcrA from free solution can b ...
Nucleic Acids
... prokaryotic cells (i.e., cells lacking a nucleus) genetic activity occurs throughout the cytoplasm. Thus, the various molecules of circular DNA (chromosome and plasmids) residing in prokaryotic cells are not localized to a specific compartment of the cell. In contrast, the DNA of eukaryotic cells (i ...
... prokaryotic cells (i.e., cells lacking a nucleus) genetic activity occurs throughout the cytoplasm. Thus, the various molecules of circular DNA (chromosome and plasmids) residing in prokaryotic cells are not localized to a specific compartment of the cell. In contrast, the DNA of eukaryotic cells (i ...
genetic recombination-unit-2-study material- 2012
... recombination, similar to that in the site-specific process, involving addition of DNA, rather than exchange. This non-homologous recombination is also independent of rec A. The following types of DNA are able to take part in such recombination: (1) insertion sequences (IS elements); (2) transposons ...
... recombination, similar to that in the site-specific process, involving addition of DNA, rather than exchange. This non-homologous recombination is also independent of rec A. The following types of DNA are able to take part in such recombination: (1) insertion sequences (IS elements); (2) transposons ...
pen-1: perithecial neck-1 VII. Linked csp-2 (4%)
... When problems are experienced in achieving transformation of A. nidulans, it seems likely that further variables will be identified. For example, different batches of PEG vary in their toxicity towards streptomycete protoplasts (Hopwood et al. 1985 Genetic manipulation of Streptomyces - a laborator ...
... When problems are experienced in achieving transformation of A. nidulans, it seems likely that further variables will be identified. For example, different batches of PEG vary in their toxicity towards streptomycete protoplasts (Hopwood et al. 1985 Genetic manipulation of Streptomyces - a laborator ...
Document
... • In staphs, erythromycin resistance is caused by the erm gene coding an enzyme which modifies the ribosome NONE of these antibiotics may bind to the ribosome. If the erm gene product is constitutively produced, testing will find the staph resistant to all of the MLS antibiotics. If the erm gene pro ...
... • In staphs, erythromycin resistance is caused by the erm gene coding an enzyme which modifies the ribosome NONE of these antibiotics may bind to the ribosome. If the erm gene product is constitutively produced, testing will find the staph resistant to all of the MLS antibiotics. If the erm gene pro ...
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... amikacin followed by gentamicin in 84% and 64% of the isolates respectively. Resistance to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were 64% and 52% respectively. To the second generation cephalosporin - cefuroxime, 84% strains were resistant. To the third generation cephalosporins viz. cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ...
... amikacin followed by gentamicin in 84% and 64% of the isolates respectively. Resistance to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were 64% and 52% respectively. To the second generation cephalosporin - cefuroxime, 84% strains were resistant. To the third generation cephalosporins viz. cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ...
Experimental General. All the DNA manipulations and bacterial
... final extension at 72 °C for 1 min. The DNA fragments were separated by 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis and purified with QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit. After the second PCR, the amplified DNA fragment was digested with Asc I and Bam HI. The DNA fragment was purified as described above, and then liga ...
... final extension at 72 °C for 1 min. The DNA fragments were separated by 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis and purified with QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit. After the second PCR, the amplified DNA fragment was digested with Asc I and Bam HI. The DNA fragment was purified as described above, and then liga ...
standard set 5 - EDHSGreenSea.net
... have become known by the authors names which constitute almost a pantheon of biology--Avery, McCloud and McCarthy; Watson & Crick; Hershey-Chase; Meselson & Stahl; Jacob & Monod. Most of these experiments date from the first decade of modern molecular biology-the 1950s. Though they are over 40 years ...
... have become known by the authors names which constitute almost a pantheon of biology--Avery, McCloud and McCarthy; Watson & Crick; Hershey-Chase; Meselson & Stahl; Jacob & Monod. Most of these experiments date from the first decade of modern molecular biology-the 1950s. Though they are over 40 years ...
Developmental biology of biofilms" implications for
... nonspecific attachment a combination of all traits leads to an overall cell-surface milieu that sets the affinity for a substratum. If the substratum or the cell-surface composition is changed, the affinity can change s,6. Model organisms, such as strains with defined cell wall mutations 7 or known ...
... nonspecific attachment a combination of all traits leads to an overall cell-surface milieu that sets the affinity for a substratum. If the substratum or the cell-surface composition is changed, the affinity can change s,6. Model organisms, such as strains with defined cell wall mutations 7 or known ...
Prentice Hall Biology - Mid
... Producing Recombinant DNA Transforming (and then Cloning Cells) Screening Target Cells with gene (Clone the screened Target cell) ...
... Producing Recombinant DNA Transforming (and then Cloning Cells) Screening Target Cells with gene (Clone the screened Target cell) ...
Managing people in sport organisations: A strategic human
... (A) Typical bacterial cloning vector. This vector has bacterial sequences to initiate replication and transcription. In addition, it has a multiple cloning site embedded within the lacZ α gene so that the insert can be identified by alpha-complementation. The antibiotic resistance gene allows the re ...
... (A) Typical bacterial cloning vector. This vector has bacterial sequences to initiate replication and transcription. In addition, it has a multiple cloning site embedded within the lacZ α gene so that the insert can be identified by alpha-complementation. The antibiotic resistance gene allows the re ...
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)
... and a few other organisms, where they mediate resistance to cephalothin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, most penicillins, and β-lactamase inhibitor-β-lactam combinations. [1]. The emission of bacteria into the aquatic environment also favours genetic exchange with previously non-resistant populations, thereb ...
... and a few other organisms, where they mediate resistance to cephalothin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, most penicillins, and β-lactamase inhibitor-β-lactam combinations. [1]. The emission of bacteria into the aquatic environment also favours genetic exchange with previously non-resistant populations, thereb ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN: 2278-3008.
... based on their sequence and structural similarities they are classified into family 18 and family 19 glycosidases. Family 18 chitinases are structurally different from family 19 chitinases and consist of a highly conserved catalytic motif (DxxDxDWEYP) and are inhibited by allosamidin, a pseudotrisac ...
... based on their sequence and structural similarities they are classified into family 18 and family 19 glycosidases. Family 18 chitinases are structurally different from family 19 chitinases and consist of a highly conserved catalytic motif (DxxDxDWEYP) and are inhibited by allosamidin, a pseudotrisac ...
as a PDF - CiteSeerX
... We have subcloned a portion of the Escherichia coli mtL4 gene encoding the hydrophilic, C-terminal domain of the mannitol-specific enzyme II (mannitol permease; molecular mass, 68 kilodaltons [kDa]) of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent carbohydrate phosphotransferase system. This mtlA fragment, enco ...
... We have subcloned a portion of the Escherichia coli mtL4 gene encoding the hydrophilic, C-terminal domain of the mannitol-specific enzyme II (mannitol permease; molecular mass, 68 kilodaltons [kDa]) of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent carbohydrate phosphotransferase system. This mtlA fragment, enco ...
Construction and genetic characterization of temperature-sensitive mutant alleles of the yeast actin gene.
... To generate a pool of mutagenized plasmids with all mutational changes fixed in a homoduplex form, the bisulfitetreated DNA was transformed into E. coli strain BD1528, which is deficient in the repair enzyme uracil-N-glycosylase (ung-). Plasmid DNA (pool 1) was prepared from a mixture of 4000 transf ...
... To generate a pool of mutagenized plasmids with all mutational changes fixed in a homoduplex form, the bisulfitetreated DNA was transformed into E. coli strain BD1528, which is deficient in the repair enzyme uracil-N-glycosylase (ung-). Plasmid DNA (pool 1) was prepared from a mixture of 4000 transf ...
Nomenclature of Transposable Elements in Prokaryotes
... each IS2 in a different location a specific as well as a generic name. Such a designation would provide no additional information not already given by the mutation number (see below) that identifies the insertion event. This situation may change in the future for two reasons: (1) IS2 elements may be ...
... each IS2 in a different location a specific as well as a generic name. Such a designation would provide no additional information not already given by the mutation number (see below) that identifies the insertion event. This situation may change in the future for two reasons: (1) IS2 elements may be ...
Gateway Seminar - Columbia University
... of att sites called attB, attP, attL, and attR. ccdB gene – A counterselectable gene that allows for negative selection of unwanted byproduct plasmids after recombination. Donor (pDONR) Vector – A vector with attP sites flanking a counterselectable gene that recombines with a gene of interest flanke ...
... of att sites called attB, attP, attL, and attR. ccdB gene – A counterselectable gene that allows for negative selection of unwanted byproduct plasmids after recombination. Donor (pDONR) Vector – A vector with attP sites flanking a counterselectable gene that recombines with a gene of interest flanke ...
Document
... c. Repression of the phage genome - A phage coded protein, a repressor, is made which binds to a particular site on the phage DNA, called the operator, and shuts off transcription of most phage genes EXCEPT the repressor gene. The result is a stable repressed phage genome which is integrated into t ...
... c. Repression of the phage genome - A phage coded protein, a repressor, is made which binds to a particular site on the phage DNA, called the operator, and shuts off transcription of most phage genes EXCEPT the repressor gene. The result is a stable repressed phage genome which is integrated into t ...
Membrane Adsorbers as a Tool for Rapid Purification
... Pall Corporation has developed novel technology based on microporous polymeric membranes to overcome these limitations. Membranes have the advantage of large pores (up to 1 µm in size) that allow large molecules such as DNA and viruses to enter by convection, which is a much faster mass transfer pro ...
... Pall Corporation has developed novel technology based on microporous polymeric membranes to overcome these limitations. Membranes have the advantage of large pores (up to 1 µm in size) that allow large molecules such as DNA and viruses to enter by convection, which is a much faster mass transfer pro ...
Membrane Adsorbers as a Tool for Rapid
... Pall Corporation has developed novel technology based on microporous polymeric membranes to overcome these limitations. Membranes have the advantage of large pores (up to 1 µm in size) that allow large molecules such as DNA and viruses to enter by convection, which is a much faster mass transfer pro ...
... Pall Corporation has developed novel technology based on microporous polymeric membranes to overcome these limitations. Membranes have the advantage of large pores (up to 1 µm in size) that allow large molecules such as DNA and viruses to enter by convection, which is a much faster mass transfer pro ...
Cloning genes into the AdZ vectors and making
... 13. There should be plenty of white colonies among the blue ones. Note Occasionally colonies are present that appear to be white but which still contain the amp/sacB/lacZ cassette. These false positives are easily avoided. Hold the plate up at an angle to a fluorescent light (not directly in front o ...
... 13. There should be plenty of white colonies among the blue ones. Note Occasionally colonies are present that appear to be white but which still contain the amp/sacB/lacZ cassette. These false positives are easily avoided. Hold the plate up at an angle to a fluorescent light (not directly in front o ...
Operon: Lac trp Is the metabolic pathway anabolic or catabolic
... lactose induces production of the enzymes needed for lactose digestion. The trp operon is repressible; it is ordinarily on, producing tryptophan, which is needed for protein production by the cells. It is turned off or repressed only when an excess of tryptophan is available to the cell. The lac ope ...
... lactose induces production of the enzymes needed for lactose digestion. The trp operon is repressible; it is ordinarily on, producing tryptophan, which is needed for protein production by the cells. It is turned off or repressed only when an excess of tryptophan is available to the cell. The lac ope ...
E.coli
... • SV40: This virus can infect a number of mammalian species. The SV40 genome is only 5.2 kb in size. • Since it has packaging constraints similar to phage , so it can be not used for transferring large fragments. ...
... • SV40: This virus can infect a number of mammalian species. The SV40 genome is only 5.2 kb in size. • Since it has packaging constraints similar to phage , so it can be not used for transferring large fragments. ...
Plasmid
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A plasmid is a small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from a chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They are most commonly found in bacteria as small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules; however, plasmids are sometimes present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms. In nature, plasmids often carry genes that may benefit the survival of the organism, for example antibiotic resistance. While the chromosomes are big and contain all the essential information for living, plasmids usually are very small and contain only additional information. Artificial plasmids are widely used as vectors in molecular cloning, serving to drive the replication of recombinant DNA sequences within host organisms.Plasmids are considered replicons, a unit of DNA capable of replicating autonomously within a suitable host. However, plasmids, like viruses, are not generally classified as life. Plasmids can be transmitted from one bacterium to another (even of another species) via three main mechanisms: transformation, transduction, and conjugation. This host-to-host transfer of genetic material is called horizontal gene transfer, and plasmids can be considered part of the mobilome. Unlike viruses (which encase their genetic material in a protective protein coat called a capsid), plasmids are ""naked"" DNA and do not encode genes necessary to encase the genetic material for transfer to a new host. However, some classes of plasmids encode the conjugative ""sex"" pilus necessary for their own transfer. The size of the plasmid varies from 1 to over 200 kbp, and the number of identical plasmids in a single cell can range anywhere from one to thousands under some circumstances.The relationship between microbes and plasmid DNA is neither parasitic nor mutualistic, because each implies the presence of an independent species living in a detrimental or commensal state with the host organism. Rather, plasmids provide a mechanism for horizontal gene transfer within a population of microbes and typically provide a selective advantage under a given environmental state. Plasmids may carry genes that provide resistance to naturally occurring antibiotics in a competitive environmental niche, or the proteins produced may act as toxins under similar circumstances, or allow the organism to utilize particular organic compounds that would be advantageous when nutrients are scarce.