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Angiosperms or Flowering Plants the phylum Magnoliophyta
Angiosperms or Flowering Plants the phylum Magnoliophyta

... 3. plant specimens (herbarium) must include flowers or derived features 4. classification of angiosperms relies on flowers Calochortus - fairy lanterns & mariposas (images: T. Givnish) ...
GrowinG Guide: LeTTuce
GrowinG Guide: LeTTuce

... Your Tower Garden® Kit comes with everything you need to get started growing lettuce. Remember: the germination range for lettuce is 60-70 degrees. Step 1: Locate the slab of Rockwool cubes and place in the seed starter tray. Step 2: Thoroughly wet the Rockwool cubes by completely submerging the s ...
Chapter 21: What is a plant?
Chapter 21: What is a plant?

... ferns, spores have hard outer coverings. Spores are released into the environment where they can grow into haploid gametophyte plants. These plants produce male and female gametes. Following fertilization, the sporophyte plant develops and grows from the gametophyte plant. In seed plants, such as co ...


... ferns, spores have hard outer coverings. Spores are released into the environment where they can grow into haploid gametophyte plants. These plants produce male and female gametes. Following fertilization, the sporophyte plant develops and grows from the gametophyte plant. In seed plants, such as co ...
whole-plant concept and environment
whole-plant concept and environment

... types of biotic interactions, including associations with various forms of fungi as well as odonatan insects. In order to take into account that this reconstruction may include possibly more than nine individual natural species with overall similar anatomical, morphological, and ecological character ...
F-Box Protein FBX92 Affects Leaf Size in
F-Box Protein FBX92 Affects Leaf Size in

... SIM, SIAMESE; SMR, SIM-related; TCP, TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF; WT, wild type. ...
GRADE 6 - Spartanburg School District 2
GRADE 6 - Spartanburg School District 2

... Plants are commonly classified into two major groups based on their internal structures. These two groups are vascular and nonvascular. Vascular Plants • This is the largest group in the Plant Kingdom. • These plants have a well-developed system for transporting water and food; therefore, they have ...
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Reproduction_plant_HKDSE

... you look at the joint carefully, then you will notice that the bark textures on both halves are significantly different. Also, the leaves on the branches and those near the foot vary a little bit. When we see the ‘grafted’ Bauhinia, Bauhinia blakeana is just one of the tree names. Bauhinia purpurea ...
Smilax herbacea L. - CLIMBERS
Smilax herbacea L. - CLIMBERS

... by the carrion scent of its flowers and glaucous undersides of its leaves. This sets it apart from S. illinoensis, which does not have a glaucous underside. It can be distinguished from its closest relative, S. lasioneura, by the appressedascending bladeless bracts on the lower stem, which differ fr ...
here - Cornell Plantations
here - Cornell Plantations

... (as  is  the  entire  plant),  the  non-­‐flowering   basal  shoots  forming  a  dense  groundcover.   Flowering  stems  appear  in  June  and  reach  1   m  in  height;  flowers  yellow,  held  in       verticillasters;  fruits  remain ...
Support Document - Plants
Support Document - Plants

... have true roots, stems, and leaves.  Vascular plants have tube-like structures that provide support and help circulate water and food throughout the plant.  Xylem transport water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.  Phloem transport food from the leaves to the rest of the plant. ...
hiraea cuneata, h. macrophylla, and four new species confused with
hiraea cuneata, h. macrophylla, and four new species confused with

... when young but soon glabrous, abaxially when young with sessile or subsessile, straight hairs 0.4–1.3 mm long, soon glabrescent to glabrous but often with some hairs retained on and along the costa and major veins; margin with scattered glands c.0.2 mm in diameter in distal 1/4–2/3 or only near the ...
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... Bacterial blight (Pseudomonas savastanoi) of soybeans is typically an early season disease, which over ...
GROWING CAMELLIAS – some good advice
GROWING CAMELLIAS – some good advice

... Camellia sasanqua can be recognised by its smaller, sharper foliage and more vigorous growth. It too is evergreen, but is more sun hardy. The flowering period begins in autumn and continues through until early winter. Most sasanquas are of single to semi-double form, with rich yellow stamens, in a r ...
Ericaceae Juss. Including Arbuteae (Arbutaceae) J.G Agardh
Ericaceae Juss. Including Arbuteae (Arbutaceae) J.G Agardh

... or climbing (a few). On acid substrates, helophytic to xerophytic. Leaves evergreen, or deciduous; minute to very large; alternate; spiral, or distichous, or four-ranked; ‘herbaceous’, or leathery; petiolate, or subsessile, or sessile; non-sheathing; gland-dotted (e.g., Gaultheria), or not gland-dot ...
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... chromosomes are replicated and divided equally. In higher plants it occurs in meristems or ...
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily
Systematic Implications of DNA variation in subfamily

... Order Solanales – potatoes, tomatoes, peppers Order Gentianales – gentians, milkweeds, coffee Order Lamiales – mints, olives, snapdragons ...
Garden Escapes - Penrith City Council
Garden Escapes - Penrith City Council

... s a general ability to survive under extreme conditions, and s a history of weediness in similar climates. ...
Whittlesea weed fact sheet * Blackberry
Whittlesea weed fact sheet * Blackberry

... Leaves: Dark green leaves often turning a reddish-purplish in autumn with leaf fall following to expose the tangled mass of canes (stems). Leaves have serrated edges and prominent veins. The underside of the leaves have a downy white-light green appearance and thorns (small hooks) along the middle ...
Parietaria hespera B. D. Hinton, RILLITA PELLITORY, CALIFORNIA
Parietaria hespera B. D. Hinton, RILLITA PELLITORY, CALIFORNIA

... cm long; in range polygamous (bisexual and pistillate flowers on the same plant, occasionally also staminate flowers); shoots weak-stemmed and leaves easily wilted, pilose and lacking stinging hairs. Stems: with inconspicuously flattened sides, ± 1 mm diameter, greenish becoming translucent-white or ...
Elisha`s Tears
Elisha`s Tears

... Elisha’s tears is a soft-wooded, bushy shrub that can grow up to two metres tall. Stems are green, hollow, hairless or almost so, and bear leaves in opposite pairs. The leaves of this plant are a much darker green on their upper surface than on the underside, and are roughly oval in shape with point ...
Weedy Grass Control - Pend Oreille County
Weedy Grass Control - Pend Oreille County

... such as leaves and mulch Soil active herbicides need rain or irrigation to ...
pdf
pdf

... size of pollen grains and the number of pores on its exine, fertility and frequency of seed formation (9). Counting the number of chromosomes in the mitotic cells of root meristems is laborious and time-consuming, as the Brassica chromosomes are small, and the number of metaphase plates depends on ...
Comparative morphology on leaves of Daphniphyllum - UvA-DARE
Comparative morphology on leaves of Daphniphyllum - UvA-DARE

... Terminology follows Dilcher (1974) except for the term ‘laterocytic stomata’ (Carpenter 2005) that was used to describe the unequal parts of asymmetric stomata. RESULTS Leaf characteristics of the epidermis and transverse sections of Daphniphyllum are summarized in Table 2. Palisade tissue, stomatal ...
A review of Alocasia - International Aroid Society
A review of Alocasia - International Aroid Society

... stem may bear a ring of physiognomically lateral infructescences below the leaf crown of the new vegetative module, e.g., in A. robusta M.Hotta (Borneo, Anambas Islands). The spathe is divided into a convolute thicker lower portion – the ‘lower spathe’ – which houses the female zone of the spadix an ...
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Leaf



A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves collectively.Typically a leaf is a thin, dorsiventrally flattened organ, borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Most leaves have distinctive upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces that differ in colour, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases) and other features. In most plant species, leaves are broad and flat. Such species are referred to as broad-leaved plants. Many gymnosperm species have thin needle-like leaves that can be advantageous in cold climates frequented by snow and frost. Leaves can also have other shapes and forms such as the scales in certain species of conifers. Some leaves are not above ground (such as bulb scales). Succulent plants often have thick juicy leaves, but some leaves are without major photosynthetic function and may be dead at maturity, as in some cataphylls, and spines). Furthermore, several kinds of leaf-like structures found in vascular plants are not totally homologous with them. Examples include flattened plant stems (called phylloclades and cladodes), and phyllodes (flattened leaf stems), both of which differ from leaves in their structure and origin. Many structures of non-vascular plants, and even of some lichens, which are not plants at all (in the sense of being members of the kingdom Plantae), look and function much like leaves. The primary site of photosynthesis in most leaves (palisade mesophyll) almost always occurs on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of Eucalyptus palisade occurs on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral.
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