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Barriers to Effective Climate Change Adaptation
Barriers to Effective Climate Change Adaptation

... consultation processes that enable an understanding of the community’s acceptable levels of risk for different types of land use  The timeframe of risks and the expected life time of the proposed land use ...
Introductory e-Course on Climate Change
Introductory e-Course on Climate Change

... time” and in many countries the impacts of it are already felt. At the same time, it is still very difficult for many people not working directly on the subject to understand the basics of climate change. For example, which gases are actually contributing to the greenhouse gas effect? What temperatu ...
Attachment 2
Attachment 2

... its discount rate was too low, relative to standard economic practice31, thereby overweighting future outcomes. Other critics argue that its discount rate is too high, as is any non-zero discount rate when catastrophic consequences are possible32. Value judgements also arise in relation to many othe ...
Climate policy and uncertainty: the roles of adaptation versus
Climate policy and uncertainty: the roles of adaptation versus

... McKibbin (2000) demonstrate that removing the distortions in global coal markets through removing a variety of existing taxes and subsidies can potentially have a large impact on reducing greenhouse emissions as well as raising economic wellbeing. In that study the estimated emissions reduction are ...
LCCARL267_en.pdf
LCCARL267_en.pdf

... 2,515,900 km2 (other sources estimate the area to be more than 3 million km2), and comprising some of the territorial waters and coastal areas of 39 bordering countries and territories. The 116 million people living within 100 km of the sea are highly dependent on the services it provides as an ecos ...
Understanding the Links between Climate Change and Development
Understanding the Links between Climate Change and Development

... Sources: Emissions of greenhouse gases in 2005 from WRI 2008, augmented with land-­use change emissions from Houghton 2009; population from World Bank 2009c. Note: The width of each column depicts population and the height depicts per capita emissions, so the area represents total emissions. Per cap ...
The National Climate Change Response Policy
The National Climate Change Response Policy

... govt, residential, commercial sectors incl: regulations, standards, codes of practice. The Waste Management Flagship Programme - investigating and implementing waste-to-energy opportunities available within the solid-, semi-solid- and liquid-waste management sectors, especially the generation, captu ...
PDF
PDF

... GTAP-AEZ-GHG (Golub et al., 2010), with the recently developed poverty module, GTAPPOV (Hertel et al., 2011) The new model, GTAP-AEZ-GHG-POV, incorporates detailed non-CO2 GHG (Rose and Lee, 2008) and CO2 emissions mapped to specific countries and economic sectors. Climate change impacts are modeled ...
Dietz et al. 2007. Support for CC Policy
Dietz et al. 2007. Support for CC Policy

... such as the fossil fuel industry, to shape elite and media debate about climate change are well documented. These efforts contribute to the resulting media coverage that often exhibits a pro-corporate bias and emphasizes uncertainty, leaving audiences potentially confused and apathetic about climate ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES UNCERTAINTY AND DECISION IN CLIMATE CHANGE ECONOMICS
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES UNCERTAINTY AND DECISION IN CLIMATE CHANGE ECONOMICS

... data, some use the cooling from the aerosols released by large volcanic eruptions, and some use only the instrumental record over the 20th century. Finally, and most importantly, even if we pooled all the data, and used a single consistent weighting scheme to evaluate model predictions, there would ...
Chapter 1 - Open Knowledge Repository
Chapter 1 - Open Knowledge Repository

... Sources: Emissions of greenhouse gases in 2005 from WRI 2008, augmented with land-use change emissions from Houghton 2009; population from World Bank 2009c. Note: The width of each column depicts population and the height depicts per capita emissions, so the area represents total emissions. Per capi ...
Hamilton Conservation Authority Climate Change Strategy
Hamilton Conservation Authority Climate Change Strategy

... 26mm, with increases in (e.g. tree blow downs, precipitation in all seastream bank erosion, etc.).3 sons except for winter. Climate models suggest Therefore, the Hamilton that by 2050, the average area is warmer and wetter annual temperature in Onthan it was 41 years ago, tario could increase beexce ...
Working Paper - University of Sussex
Working Paper - University of Sussex

... about as good/bad for welfare as a year of economic growth. Statements that climate change is the biggest (environmental) problem of humankind are unfounded: We can readily think of bigger problems. For example, the people of Greece lost a third of their income in five years’ time, arguably because ...
Waves of Change: Climate Change in the Pacific Islands
Waves of Change: Climate Change in the Pacific Islands

... “I find people are more compassionate than governments. We keep asking the international community to act and to give more focus to our part of the world because you've don't this to us and what are you going to do about it? I've been waiting for an answer quite some time and we are running out of t ...
Tall tales and Fat tails: The science and economics of extreme
Tall tales and Fat tails: The science and economics of extreme

... The pdfs generated represent different assessments of epistemic uncertainty, each conditioned on a different set of assumptions (only some of which are usually made explicit) and founded on different underlying observational and/or model data. It is important to note, however, that S is being used a ...
Uncertainty and Decision Making in Climate Change Economics
Uncertainty and Decision Making in Climate Change Economics

... produced. Climate sensitivity is usually estimated by running global climate models using hypothetical emissions scenarios. These models are very complex, and there is a great deal of uncertainty about the values of their many parameters. To address this parametric uncertainty, scientists run the mo ...
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) Drivers, Needs
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) Drivers, Needs

... Representative of Regional Specialist Climate Change Mitigation, UNDP-GEF Meister Consultants Group J-CCCP Inception Workshop Jan 26-27, 2016 Barbados ...
The road to Paris and beyond (opens in new window)
The road to Paris and beyond (opens in new window)

... Accord?” of the China Development Forum, March 2015. It has been reviewed by at least two referees before publication. The views expressed in this paper represent those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the host institutions or funders. ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Research Volume Title: The Economics of Climate Change: Adaptations Past and...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Research Volume Title: The Economics of Climate Change: Adaptations Past and...

... a permanent impact on future GDP and consumption. It makes the analysis somewhat more complicated, however, because consumption at some future date depends not simply on the temperature at that date, but instead on the entire path of temperature and, thus, the path of the growth rate of consumption, ...
economics of climate change: sensitivity analysis of social cost
economics of climate change: sensitivity analysis of social cost

... during the last twenty years. The earliest published estimate of the costs and benefits of carbon emissions is a 1977 paper by Yale University economist William Nordhaus (1977). Nordhaus estimated “shadow prices” for carbon dioxide at 20year intervals from 1980 to 2160 for different emission scenari ...
PDF
PDF

... In a much cited paper, Wigley et al. (1996) explore the appropriate timing of CO2 abatement actions and conclude that, in general, the overall costs of reducing emissions are lower if the majority of the effort is deferred to the future. Similar results are found by Richels and Edmonds (1997) and Ko ...
PDF
PDF

... perturbed by the impact of climatic change. Population decreases with increasing climate change related deaths that result from changes in heat stress, cold stress, malaria, and tropical cyclones. Heat and cold stress are assumed to have an effect only on the elderly, nonreproductive population. In ...
- MIT Press Journals
- MIT Press Journals

... necessary) thoughts about what this all means for climatechange policy. The next section argues that, were one forced to specify a “best guess” estimate of the extreme bad tail of the relevant probability density function (PDF) of what might eventually happen if only gradually ramped-up remedies are ...
Global Climate Change: Science and Economics
Global Climate Change: Science and Economics

... of local and regional air pollutants. In economic terminology, such laws to some degree internalize externalities associated with local and regional pollutants. But until relatively recently, few controls existed for carbon dioxide (CO2), the major greenhouse gas and concentrations of CO2 in the atm ...
- ROAR - University of East London
- ROAR - University of East London

... Concerns about population and the use of natural resources for development continued well into the 1970s and thereafter. So did scholarly debate about the links between environment and development. The Brundtland Commission Report Our Common Future (United Nations, 1987) defined the concept of sust ...
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Stern Review

The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change is a 700-page report released for the British government on 30 October 2006 by economist Nicholas Stern, chair of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics and also chair of the Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy (CCCEP) at Leeds University and LSE. The report discusses the effect of global warming on the world economy. Although not the first economic report on climate change, it is significant as the largest and most widely known and discussed report of its kind.The Review states that climate change is the greatest and widest-ranging market failure ever seen, presenting a unique challenge for economics. The Review provides prescriptions including environmental taxes to minimise the economic and social disruptions. The Stern Review's main conclusion is that the benefits of strong, early action on climate change far outweigh the costs of not acting. The Review points to the potential impacts of climate change on water resources, food production, health, and the environment. According to the Review, without action, the overall costs of climate change will be equivalent to losing at least 5% of global gross domestic product (GDP) each year, now and forever. Including a wider range of risks and impacts could increase this to 20% of GDP or more, also indefinitely. Stern believes that 5–6 degrees of temperature increase is ""a real possibility.""The Review proposes that one percent of global GDP per annum is required to be invested to avoid the worst effects of climate change. In June 2008, Stern increased the estimate for the annual cost of achieving stabilisation between 500 and 550 ppm CO2e to 2% of GDP to account for faster than expected climate change.There has been a mixed reaction to the Stern Review from economists. Several economists have been critical of the Review, for example, a paper by Byatt et al. (2006) describes the Review as ""deeply flawed"". Some economists (such as Brad DeLong and John Quiggin) have supported the Review. Others have criticised aspects of Review's analysis, but argued that some of its conclusions might still be justified based on other grounds, e.g., see papers by Martin Weitzman (2007) and Dieter Helm (2008).
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