Agreeing on Robust Decisions
... in the driver’s seat. A growing set of case studies shows that these methods can be applied in real-world contexts and do not need to be more costly or complicated than traditional approaches. Finally, while this paper focuses on climate change, a better treatment of uncertainties and disagreement w ...
... in the driver’s seat. A growing set of case studies shows that these methods can be applied in real-world contexts and do not need to be more costly or complicated than traditional approaches. Finally, while this paper focuses on climate change, a better treatment of uncertainties and disagreement w ...
... scenario to US$839 million under the B2 scenario. Montserrat has the institutions set up to implement adaptive strategies to strengthen the resilience of the existing international transportation system to climate change impacts. Air and sea terminals and facilities can be hardened, raised, or even ...
Climate Change impaCts on australia
... will depend on exposure to changes in the climate system, sensitivity to those exposures and the capacity to adapt to the changes to which we are sensitive. These components of vulnerability to climate change are illustrated in Figure 6.1. Australia’s level of exposure and sensitivity to the impacts ...
... will depend on exposure to changes in the climate system, sensitivity to those exposures and the capacity to adapt to the changes to which we are sensitive. These components of vulnerability to climate change are illustrated in Figure 6.1. Australia’s level of exposure and sensitivity to the impacts ...
MO House Testimony May 29 2014 Final
... supposed to be policy relevant but not policy prescriptive. IPCC assesses the effectiveness of policies but does not recommend that any particular policy or set of polices be adopted. Each Summary for Policymakers goes through two rounds of review, much like the chapter reviews described above, alt ...
... supposed to be policy relevant but not policy prescriptive. IPCC assesses the effectiveness of policies but does not recommend that any particular policy or set of polices be adopted. Each Summary for Policymakers goes through two rounds of review, much like the chapter reviews described above, alt ...
Rethinking the Role of Cost-Benefit Analysis
... also been used as a means of evading clear statutory mandates. Use of CBA to delay or block implementation of these statutory mandates via OMB review of regulations is in serious tension with the presiden5 tial duty to “take care that the laws be faithfully executed.” If CBA is to be applied to larg ...
... also been used as a means of evading clear statutory mandates. Use of CBA to delay or block implementation of these statutory mandates via OMB review of regulations is in serious tension with the presiden5 tial duty to “take care that the laws be faithfully executed.” If CBA is to be applied to larg ...
How Climate Change Will Affect People Around the World
... The consequences of climate change will depend on how the physical impacts interact with socioeconomic factors. Population movement and growth will often exacerbate the impacts by increasing society’s exposure to environmental stresses (for example, more people living by the coast) and reducing the ...
... The consequences of climate change will depend on how the physical impacts interact with socioeconomic factors. Population movement and growth will often exacerbate the impacts by increasing society’s exposure to environmental stresses (for example, more people living by the coast) and reducing the ...
Implications of Climate Change for Development
... Exposure: The geography of many developing countries leaves them especially vulnerable to climate change. Geographical exposure plays an important role in determining a country’s growth and development prospects. Many developing countries are located in tropical areas. As a result, they already endu ...
... Exposure: The geography of many developing countries leaves them especially vulnerable to climate change. Geographical exposure plays an important role in determining a country’s growth and development prospects. Many developing countries are located in tropical areas. As a result, they already endu ...
nota di lavoro - Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei
... value. A closely related question is whether mitigation effort should be deferred until more information is received or whether mitigation should be done preemptively. Indeed, the argument to delay action, or of keeping non-commitment, in the face of uncertain climate change has some traction in the ...
... value. A closely related question is whether mitigation effort should be deferred until more information is received or whether mitigation should be done preemptively. Indeed, the argument to delay action, or of keeping non-commitment, in the face of uncertain climate change has some traction in the ...
Integrating Climate Information and Adaptation in Project
... b. Climate change adaptation should be considered in upstream planning and policymaking in order to set a clear context for interventions at the project level. Climate change impacts should be taken into account in the development of strategies and investment plans by governments, local authorities, ...
... b. Climate change adaptation should be considered in upstream planning and policymaking in order to set a clear context for interventions at the project level. Climate change impacts should be taken into account in the development of strategies and investment plans by governments, local authorities, ...
PDF
... al., 2014). This is true for all three of the models used by the IWG in 2013: FUND 3.5 (see Table 1), DICE2010 (see Table 2 for calibration sources of DICE-99 upon which DICE-2010 is based), and PAGE09.1 Given that many of the economic studies from the 1990s cited by these model developers in turn ...
... al., 2014). This is true for all three of the models used by the IWG in 2013: FUND 3.5 (see Table 1), DICE2010 (see Table 2 for calibration sources of DICE-99 upon which DICE-2010 is based), and PAGE09.1 Given that many of the economic studies from the 1990s cited by these model developers in turn ...
February 26, 2014 Ms. Mabel Echols Office of Information and
... pollution in regulatory proceedings undertaken by different agencies, the United States government assembled the IWG in 2010 to develop an estimate of a social cost of carbon that can be utilized in rulemakings and other pertinent settings across the federal government. 4 The 2010 estimate of carbon ...
... pollution in regulatory proceedings undertaken by different agencies, the United States government assembled the IWG in 2010 to develop an estimate of a social cost of carbon that can be utilized in rulemakings and other pertinent settings across the federal government. 4 The 2010 estimate of carbon ...
Stern Review: robust methodology of its modelling in Chapter 6
... over a century or more as the effects appear with long lags and are very long-lived. The limitations to our ability to model over such a time scale demand caution in interpreting results, but projections can illustrate the risks involved – and policy here is about the economics of risk and uncertain ...
... over a century or more as the effects appear with long lags and are very long-lived. The limitations to our ability to model over such a time scale demand caution in interpreting results, but projections can illustrate the risks involved – and policy here is about the economics of risk and uncertain ...
PDF
... deterministic action in response to expected climate change. However, they do not generally shed any useful light on the ideal timing or strength of a proposed response. It is this lack of a trigger mechanism or decision criterion that nullifies the utility of many such deterministic analyses. For e ...
... deterministic action in response to expected climate change. However, they do not generally shed any useful light on the ideal timing or strength of a proposed response. It is this lack of a trigger mechanism or decision criterion that nullifies the utility of many such deterministic analyses. For e ...
ece11 Funke 16512079 en
... of future events. It typically adopts strong assumptions about policy makers’ beliefs and no distinction between risk and uncertainty is made. The usual prescription for decision making under risk then is to select an action that maximises expected utility. This is assumed although the knowledge of ...
... of future events. It typically adopts strong assumptions about policy makers’ beliefs and no distinction between risk and uncertainty is made. The usual prescription for decision making under risk then is to select an action that maximises expected utility. This is assumed although the knowledge of ...
Global Warming and Economic Externalities
... equation for CD : The price of CO 2 must be equal to the discounted value of its net marginal product, again, factoring in mitigation positively and net emissions resulting from higher output negatively. The last two equations are the Euler equations and establish optimality with regard to the choic ...
... equation for CD : The price of CO 2 must be equal to the discounted value of its net marginal product, again, factoring in mitigation positively and net emissions resulting from higher output negatively. The last two equations are the Euler equations and establish optimality with regard to the choic ...
Why Have the Leading Journals in Management
... THE COVERAGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE TOP JOURNALS ...
... THE COVERAGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE TOP JOURNALS ...
A normative account of dangerous climate change
... the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. . . ”1 Unless global energy policy is to pursue the evidently impossible, namely the avoidance of all climate change, we must d ...
... the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. . . ”1 Unless global energy policy is to pursue the evidently impossible, namely the avoidance of all climate change, we must d ...
Fairness on the Day after Tomorrow: Justice, Reciprocity and Global
... for a ‘substitute’ where the recipient of the debt specifies this as being preferable or where a lack of direct contact renders impossible an equivalent exchange of benefits (or costs). We might call this ‘indirect reciprocity’. Perhaps the most interesting, and diffused, form of indirect reciprocit ...
... for a ‘substitute’ where the recipient of the debt specifies this as being preferable or where a lack of direct contact renders impossible an equivalent exchange of benefits (or costs). We might call this ‘indirect reciprocity’. Perhaps the most interesting, and diffused, form of indirect reciprocit ...
Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Secondary Activities: A
... ozone depletion. Climate change also affects the reproduction, and spatial and seasonal movement of some vectors (such as mosquito) which in turn increases the incidence of vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. There may be re/establishment of malaria in currently malaria free regions. R ...
... ozone depletion. Climate change also affects the reproduction, and spatial and seasonal movement of some vectors (such as mosquito) which in turn increases the incidence of vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. There may be re/establishment of malaria in currently malaria free regions. R ...
An Analysis of the Dismal Theorem - Yale Economics
... Probability Laws by Tail Behavior,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 79, No. 388, Dec., 1984, pp. 936-939. (2) Weitzman proposes a new definition, that a fat-tailed distribution is one whose moment generating function is infinite. As we will see below, this is also the condition ...
... Probability Laws by Tail Behavior,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 79, No. 388, Dec., 1984, pp. 936-939. (2) Weitzman proposes a new definition, that a fat-tailed distribution is one whose moment generating function is infinite. As we will see below, this is also the condition ...
Seminar paper
... deliver the stabilisation targets commonly discussed in the policy arena were identified. In the present paper, we take stock of our previous work and, within the set of all possible climate coalitions, we focus on those that have the potential to meet an ambitious enough global mitigation target. Th ...
... deliver the stabilisation targets commonly discussed in the policy arena were identified. In the present paper, we take stock of our previous work and, within the set of all possible climate coalitions, we focus on those that have the potential to meet an ambitious enough global mitigation target. Th ...
A Guide for Incorporating Adaptation to Climate
... change; adaptation deals with response to changing conditions resulting from climate change. Mitigation will not stop climate change because it is already occurring and the degree of reduction proposed under the Kyoto Protocol is only enough to cause a slight slowing in the rate of change. Mitigatio ...
... change; adaptation deals with response to changing conditions resulting from climate change. Mitigation will not stop climate change because it is already occurring and the degree of reduction proposed under the Kyoto Protocol is only enough to cause a slight slowing in the rate of change. Mitigatio ...
Appendix D: Economic modelling and adaptation to climate change
... ‘Shocks’ were estimated based on detailed reports of the physical impacts of climate change on each of these sectors, which were provided to the Garnaut Review by expert groups. These ‘shocks’ were incorporated into the Monash Multi-Regional Forecasting (MMRF) model — a dynamic multi-sector CGE mode ...
... ‘Shocks’ were estimated based on detailed reports of the physical impacts of climate change on each of these sectors, which were provided to the Garnaut Review by expert groups. These ‘shocks’ were incorporated into the Monash Multi-Regional Forecasting (MMRF) model — a dynamic multi-sector CGE mode ...
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... While the scientific community has established a fairly clear consensus on the threat of climate change, policymakers and journalists often suggest that the economic community lacks a consensus view on climate change risks and appropriate policy responses. We conducted a survey of 1,103 experts on t ...
... While the scientific community has established a fairly clear consensus on the threat of climate change, policymakers and journalists often suggest that the economic community lacks a consensus view on climate change risks and appropriate policy responses. We conducted a survey of 1,103 experts on t ...
The social construct of climate and climate change
... ment of risks is influenced by social and cultural factors. The first view tends to focus on the manufacture (by experts) of conjectures, stressing their objective, undeniable consequences, while the second approach chooses to emphasize the reception (by laymen) of such hypotheses in different socia ...
... ment of risks is influenced by social and cultural factors. The first view tends to focus on the manufacture (by experts) of conjectures, stressing their objective, undeniable consequences, while the second approach chooses to emphasize the reception (by laymen) of such hypotheses in different socia ...