Topic 10 revision notes - Mr Cartlidge`s Saigon Science Blog
... Explain how each pathogen has its own antigens, which have specific shapes, so specific antibodies which fit the specific shapes of the antigens are needed Define active immunity - defence against a pathogen by antibody production in the body Explain that active immunity is gained after an infection ...
... Explain how each pathogen has its own antigens, which have specific shapes, so specific antibodies which fit the specific shapes of the antigens are needed Define active immunity - defence against a pathogen by antibody production in the body Explain that active immunity is gained after an infection ...
BeefIQ12
... Points to Ponder • Best Time to Vaccinate?? • When do you need the most protection? • Before disease exposure occurs – Takes 5-7 days for protection with most modified-live vaccines – Killed vaccines require a booster within 2-4 weeks of initial vaccination to obtain adequate protection levels ...
... Points to Ponder • Best Time to Vaccinate?? • When do you need the most protection? • Before disease exposure occurs – Takes 5-7 days for protection with most modified-live vaccines – Killed vaccines require a booster within 2-4 weeks of initial vaccination to obtain adequate protection levels ...
Immune Memory and Vaccines
... Similar disease (cow pox/small pox) Living, “attenuated” virus (polio) Dead virus (most vaccines) Antigens from disease-causing organism— usually case with bacterial vaccines ...
... Similar disease (cow pox/small pox) Living, “attenuated” virus (polio) Dead virus (most vaccines) Antigens from disease-causing organism— usually case with bacterial vaccines ...
EN90027_Imunology
... Students must acquire the basic and up-to-date concepts of immunology, in order to understand the importance of the various functions of the immune system as fundamental component of balance and maintenance of health. Students must recognize the relevance changes to such balance in the etiology of s ...
... Students must acquire the basic and up-to-date concepts of immunology, in order to understand the importance of the various functions of the immune system as fundamental component of balance and maintenance of health. Students must recognize the relevance changes to such balance in the etiology of s ...
lesson-3-herd-immunity-its
... Why is this study more reliable than Dr Wakefield’s? • The study was based on data from over half a million children • Over 440,000 had been vaccinated and there was no greater incidence of autism amongst children vaccinated as amongst those not vaccinated. ...
... Why is this study more reliable than Dr Wakefield’s? • The study was based on data from over half a million children • Over 440,000 had been vaccinated and there was no greater incidence of autism amongst children vaccinated as amongst those not vaccinated. ...
11.1 Defence against infectious disease – summary
... immunity to a disease is due to presence of the appropriate antibodies / cells that can make them; active immunity is when the body makes the antibodies itself; natural immunity is caused by exposure to a disease / pathogen / bacterium / virus; antibodies are made in response to antigens / vaccine; ...
... immunity to a disease is due to presence of the appropriate antibodies / cells that can make them; active immunity is when the body makes the antibodies itself; natural immunity is caused by exposure to a disease / pathogen / bacterium / virus; antibodies are made in response to antigens / vaccine; ...
Human Defence System
... Name two diseases of humans caused by viruses. Name two types of lymphocyte and state a role of each when viruses or other micro-organisms enter the blood. “Immunity that results from vaccination is effectively the same as the immunity that develops following an infection". Do you agree with this st ...
... Name two diseases of humans caused by viruses. Name two types of lymphocyte and state a role of each when viruses or other micro-organisms enter the blood. “Immunity that results from vaccination is effectively the same as the immunity that develops following an infection". Do you agree with this st ...
Current Opinion in Immunology 2009, 21:440–445 Biomarkers of
... Cytomegalovirus infection Evelyna Derhovanessian, Anis Larbi and Graham Pawelec Lay summary Age-associated failing immunity, or “immunosenescence”, contributes to the increased incidence and severity of infectious disease in old people. Which of the multitude of ageassociated alterations thus far re ...
... Cytomegalovirus infection Evelyna Derhovanessian, Anis Larbi and Graham Pawelec Lay summary Age-associated failing immunity, or “immunosenescence”, contributes to the increased incidence and severity of infectious disease in old people. Which of the multitude of ageassociated alterations thus far re ...
84. Which of the following describes an adjuvant correctly? A An
... (ii) Describe the role of memory cells in providing long term immunity to a disease. ...
... (ii) Describe the role of memory cells in providing long term immunity to a disease. ...
ELISA Pre and Post Test
... 2. Your skin, respiratory system, digestive system, and circulatory system represent: a. first line defenses; b. nonspecific immunities; c. specific immunities; d. both a and b. 3. An antigen is: a. a protein or other molecule that can be separate or found on a pathogen and is foreign to your body; ...
... 2. Your skin, respiratory system, digestive system, and circulatory system represent: a. first line defenses; b. nonspecific immunities; c. specific immunities; d. both a and b. 3. An antigen is: a. a protein or other molecule that can be separate or found on a pathogen and is foreign to your body; ...
Vaccination
... targeting phagocytes and blood cells – flu-like symptoms, leading to lesions, rash, scabs, severe scarring (if individual survives) ...
... targeting phagocytes and blood cells – flu-like symptoms, leading to lesions, rash, scabs, severe scarring (if individual survives) ...
31.4 Immunity and Technology
... them immune to antibiotics. – These bacteria spread the gene, making the antibiotics useless. A bacterium carries genes for antibiotic resistance on a plasmid. A copy of the plasmid is transferred through conjugation. Resistance is quickly spread through many bacteria. ...
... them immune to antibiotics. – These bacteria spread the gene, making the antibiotics useless. A bacterium carries genes for antibiotic resistance on a plasmid. A copy of the plasmid is transferred through conjugation. Resistance is quickly spread through many bacteria. ...
Fighting Infectious Disease
... More than 200 years ago, English physician Edward Jenner noted that milkmaids who contracted a mild disease called cowpox didn’t develop smallpox. At the time, smallpox was a widespread disease that killed many people. Could people be protected from smallpox by deliberately infecting them with co ...
... More than 200 years ago, English physician Edward Jenner noted that milkmaids who contracted a mild disease called cowpox didn’t develop smallpox. At the time, smallpox was a widespread disease that killed many people. Could people be protected from smallpox by deliberately infecting them with co ...
Immunity and Vaccinations
... • Active immunity, whether natural or artificial is not immediate. During the delay between infection and full immune response, some disease causing agents, such as the toxins from Clostridium tetani can kill. • A person infected with a lifethreatening disease such as tetanus may be given readymade ...
... • Active immunity, whether natural or artificial is not immediate. During the delay between infection and full immune response, some disease causing agents, such as the toxins from Clostridium tetani can kill. • A person infected with a lifethreatening disease such as tetanus may be given readymade ...
31.4 Immunity and Technology KEY CONCEPT help keep a person healthy.
... them immune to antibiotics. – These bacteria spread the gene, making the antibiotics useless. A bacterium carries genes for antibiotic resistance on a plasmid. A copy of the plasmid is transferred through conjugation. Resistance is quickly spread through many bacteria. ...
... them immune to antibiotics. – These bacteria spread the gene, making the antibiotics useless. A bacterium carries genes for antibiotic resistance on a plasmid. A copy of the plasmid is transferred through conjugation. Resistance is quickly spread through many bacteria. ...
5echap24guidedreading
... 3. Which innate defense actually help prevent infection and which come into play only after infection has occurred? ...
... 3. Which innate defense actually help prevent infection and which come into play only after infection has occurred? ...
Immunity: Short- and Long
... Immunity: Short- and LongTerm Cell Memory Whenever T cells and B cells are activated, some become "memory" cells. ...
... Immunity: Short- and LongTerm Cell Memory Whenever T cells and B cells are activated, some become "memory" cells. ...
ppt - Komion
... Active Immunity • Antibodies produced in response to an infection • Antibodies produced in response to a vaccination ...
... Active Immunity • Antibodies produced in response to an infection • Antibodies produced in response to a vaccination ...
The Immune System
... producing antibodies to it T-Cells-interact with B-cells B-Cells-produce antibodies (memory) ...
... producing antibodies to it T-Cells-interact with B-cells B-Cells-produce antibodies (memory) ...
Reading Guide - Belle Vernon Area School District
... 8. What is an antigen? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 9. Identify several differences between the lymphocyctes. a. B Lymphocytes ____________________________________________________ ...
... 8. What is an antigen? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 9. Identify several differences between the lymphocyctes. a. B Lymphocytes ____________________________________________________ ...
Chapter 43 – Immune System
... 11. What is the role of cytotoxic T cells and describe their mechanism of action? ...
... 11. What is the role of cytotoxic T cells and describe their mechanism of action? ...
35.3 WS
... Distinguish between active immunity and passive immunity. Describe how public health measures and medications fight disease. Describe why patterns of infectious disease have changed. ...
... Distinguish between active immunity and passive immunity. Describe how public health measures and medications fight disease. Describe why patterns of infectious disease have changed. ...
Herd immunity
Herd immunity (also called herd effect, community immunity, population immunity, or social immunity) is a form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune. In a population in which a large number of individuals are immune, chains of infection are likely to be disrupted, which stops or slows the spread of disease. The greater the proportion of individuals in a community who are immune, the smaller the probability that those who are not immune will come into contact with an infectious individual.Individual immunity can be gained through recovering from a natural infection or through artificial means such as vaccination. Some individuals cannot become immune due to medical reasons and in this group herd immunity is an important method of protection. Once a certain threshold has been reached, herd immunity will gradually eliminate a disease from a population. This elimination, if achieved worldwide, may result in the permanent reduction in the number of infections to zero, called eradication. This method was used for the eradication of smallpox in 1977 and for the regional elimination of other diseases. Herd immunity does not apply to all diseases, just those that are contagious, meaning that they can be transmitted from one individual to another. Tetanus, for example, is infectious but not contagious, so herd immunity does not apply.The term herd immunity was first used in 1923. It was recognized as a naturally occurring phenomenon in the 1930s when it was observed that after a significant number of children had become immune to measles, the number of new infections temporarily decreased, including among susceptible children. Mass vaccination to induce herd immunity has since become common and proved successful in preventing the spread of many infectious diseases. Opposition to vaccination has posed a challenge to herd immunity, allowing preventable diseases to persist in or return to communities that have inadequate vaccination rates.