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The Urinary System
The Urinary System

... infection- when bacteria gets into the bladder it causes an bladder infection. This causes a condition that is very painful and causes you to urinate a lot and it is painful to excrete urine. You can also have a urinary tract infection. If left untreated this infection could cause damage to the kidn ...
FAQ050 -- Urinary Tract Infections
FAQ050 -- Urinary Tract Infections

... Women’s anatomy makes them prone to getting UTIs after having Urethra Bladder sex. The opening of the urethra is in front of the vagina. During sex, bacteria near the vagina can get into the urethra from contact with the penis, fingers, or devices. Urinary tract infections also tend to occur in wome ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept

... 1. What is an advantage of excreting nitrogenous wastes in the form of urea? What is a disadvantage? Urea is less toxic than ammonia and thus can accumulate in tissues in higher concentrations without causing damage. However, because it is water-soluble, more water is needed to excrete urea than to ...
Urinary Tract Infections Sara Gordon
Urinary Tract Infections Sara Gordon

...  S/s of lower UTI: burning on urination (dysuria), frequent urination, suprapubic pain, blood in urine (hematuria), and back pain  S/s of upper UTI: may also present with loin pain, costovertebral angle tenderness, fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting ...
A Different Presentation of Urinary Tract Infections: Emphysematous Cystitis ts Case Repor
A Different Presentation of Urinary Tract Infections: Emphysematous Cystitis ts Case Repor

... predisposed factors are urinary retention, steroid and other immune suppressive treatments. We present the case of a 75-yearold female patient admitted to the emergency department with complains of abdominal pain and haematuria. She had diabetes mellitus type 2 and amputation below the knee of the l ...
Urinary System
Urinary System

... Signal sent to brain to relax internal urethral sphincter You get “the urge…” Voluntary relaxation of external ...
Managing MS Bladder and Bowel Symptoms
Managing MS Bladder and Bowel Symptoms

... • Urinary diversion- continent/non-continent ...
Having a flexible cystoscopy and laser ablation
Having a flexible cystoscopy and laser ablation

... bladder. It will make your bladder feel full, but don’t worry as we will empty it out at the end of the procedure. The visible, abnormal areas / tumour(s) will be removed from the lining of your bladder wall using the laser fibre contained in the cystoscope. This can cause some bleeding. If there is ...
urinary tract infection: cystitis and pyelonephritis
urinary tract infection: cystitis and pyelonephritis

... does not need to be investigated. Pregnancy tends to make UTI more common. In children, women who have not started to have intercourse and men of any age, there is likely to be an underlying cause – such as a blockage to the flow of urine. These patients should be referred to a kidney specialist, ei ...
Urinary Bladder Infections in Children
Urinary Bladder Infections in Children

... for more than a day without signs of a runny nose or other obvious cause for discomfort, he or she may need to be checked for a bladder infection. An older child with bladder irritation may complain of pain in the abdomen and pelvic area. Your child may urinate often. If the kidney is infected, your ...
The Medical Patient - Chronic Renal Disease
The Medical Patient - Chronic Renal Disease

... 21/2 hours each session – Patients often report improved B/P and quality of life with the more frequent dialysis ...
GLOSSARY OF TERMS Antibiotic or antimicrobial agent: a
GLOSSARY OF TERMS Antibiotic or antimicrobial agent: a

... be used to store urine. Urine is drained by opening the valve at regular intervals. Chronic wounds: occur when acute wounds fail to heal within the expected time, and are usually associated with underlying pathologies which delay the healing process such as leg ulcers, pressure sores and malignant t ...
Urachaladenocarcinoma with multiple gastrointestinal fistulization
Urachaladenocarcinoma with multiple gastrointestinal fistulization

... Two staging systems exist. The old staging system is called the Sheldon system (5). Which stage the tumor according to invasion to the surrounding structures and the new system that is based on the Henly system and is called the Mayo system (5).Which stage the tumor according to layers invasion and ...
and of the female reproductive system
and of the female reproductive system

... the continuous process of body change that begins at and continues until B. Divided into two Periods ...
Unit 6
Unit 6

... looks and acts like endometrial tissue is found in places other than the lining of the uterus. • Metr/o/paralysis, Metr/o/plegia: Paralysis of the uterine musculature • Metr/o/pathy: Any uterine disease • Metr/o/cele: Herniation of the uterus ...
Medical Terminology
Medical Terminology

... • Metr/o/rrhagia: Intermenstrual (in between) bleeding • Men/o/metr/o/rrhagia: Excessive bleeding during and between menstrual periods • Metr/algia: Uterine pain • Men/o/rrhagia: Excessive menstrual bleeding • Metr/o/rrhea: Abnormal flow or discharge from the uterine tissue ...
Aging of the Urinary Tract: Aging of the Prostate
Aging of the Urinary Tract: Aging of the Prostate

... Drugs and the Aging Kidneys Questions: Is the drug excreted primarily by the kidney? How competent are the kidneys? What are the side-effects? What are the consequences of drug toxicity when the kidney is impaired? Etiopathology of Renal Drug Toxicity: High renal blood flow Increased drug concentrat ...
Z333 Lecture
Z333 Lecture

... metabolism ...
PPT
PPT

... - Are formed largely after infections by bacteria (e.g., Proteus ) that convert urea to ammonia. - The resultant alkaline urine causes the precipitation of magnesium ammonium phosphate salts. - These are the largest type of stones called staghorn stones calculithat occupy large portions of the renal ...
UTIs - Conrad Pearson Clinic
UTIs - Conrad Pearson Clinic

... evaluation may be recommended. For simple infections, a one or two day course of antibiotics may do. More complicated infections may require 7 – 14 days. In some situations, chronic infections may develop that can call for low dose antibiotics for 30 to 90 days duration. Many factors in your medical ...
Genital-Urinary System
Genital-Urinary System

... Describe etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, nursing management and patient education for Prostatic hypertrophy / ...
Guide to Performing a “General” Patient Inspection
Guide to Performing a “General” Patient Inspection

...  Admitting diagnosis  Past Medical History (PMH)  Past Surgical History (PSH) Medications that patient has taken or been given Communicate with clinical instructor if you have any questions or concerns ...
Renal Angiography
Renal Angiography

... and 3 cm thick. • The kidney is made up of millions of functioning units called nephrons. • The nephrons consist of glomerulus and tubules. • The glomerulus is a network of tiny blood vessels surrounded by a cup-shaped structure called the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule. ...
The physiology of micturition
The physiology of micturition

... Secretion This is the final stage of urine formation, and occurs at the distal and collecting tubules. Substances either diffuse or are actively transported out of the capillaries and into the collecting tubules to be excreted in the urine. Hydrogen ions, potassium ions, ammonia and some drugs are a ...
Saladin, Human Anatomy 3e
Saladin, Human Anatomy 3e

... 1. The ureter is a muscular tube from the renal pelvis to the floor of the urinary bladder. It drives urine to the bladder by means of peristalsis. 2. The urinary bladder has a smooth muscle layer called the detrusor muscle with a thickened ring, the internal urethral sphincter, around the origin of ...
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Urethroplasty

In surgery, urethroplasty is the repair of an injury or defect within the walls of the urethra. There are four commonly used types of urethroplasty performed; anastomotic, buccal mucosal onlay graft, scrotal or penile island flap (graft), and Johansen's urethroplasty. The choice of procedure is dependent on factors including: physical condition of the patient overall condition of the remainder of the urethra (not affected by the stricture) the length of the defect (best determined by urethrography) multiple or misaligned strictures anatomical positioning of the defect with regard to the prostate gland, urinary sphincter, and ejaculatory duct position of the most patent area of the urethral wall (necessary for determination of the location of the onlay/graft site, most often dorsal or ventral) complications and scarring from previous surgery(ies), stent explantation (if applicable), and the condition of the urethral wall availability of autograft tissue from the buccal cavity (buccal mucosa) (primary selection) availability of autograft tissue from the penis and scrotum (secondary selection) skill level and training of the surgeon performing the procedureNote: in more complex cases, more than one type of procedure may be performed, especially where longer strictures exist.With an average operating room time of between three and eight hours, urethroplasty is not considered a minor operation. Patients who undergo a shorter duration procedure may have the convenience of returning home that same day (between 20% and 30% en total of urethroplasty patients). Hospital stays of two or three days duration are the average. More complex procedures may require a hospitalization of seven to ten days. The length-of-stay is usually determined by the: status/condition of the patient, post recovery after-effects of the anesthesia/sedation/spinal anesthesia utilized during the procedure anticipated post-surgical care, per care plan (dressing changes, packing changes, and monitoring of (any) surgical drains - if used) monitoring of the newly established urethral cysostomy (Johansen's urethroplasty) if applicable monitoring of the suprapubic catheter or Foley catheter for signs of infection and proper urine output if applicable titration of palliative and anti-spasmodic medication(s) if applicable post surgical complications if any↑ ↑
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