Congressional Reconstruction
... black workers from gaining skilled jobs or competing against white workers Black men could be forced into slavery as punishment for a crime or for not paying back debts ...
... black workers from gaining skilled jobs or competing against white workers Black men could be forced into slavery as punishment for a crime or for not paying back debts ...
The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877 A. The Problems of Peace
... ever in national politics; before the war a black slave shad counted as three-fifths of a person in apportioning congressional representation; now the slave was a full person d. Now, owing to full counting of free blacks, the rebel states were entitled to twelve more votes in Congress, twelve more p ...
... ever in national politics; before the war a black slave shad counted as three-fifths of a person in apportioning congressional representation; now the slave was a full person d. Now, owing to full counting of free blacks, the rebel states were entitled to twelve more votes in Congress, twelve more p ...
Chapter 18 Study Guide (Complete with Answers)
... Poll taxes – required voters to pay a fee each time that they voted Literacy tests – required voters to read and write in order to be able to vote Grandfather clauses – state law saying a person could vote if his grandfather had been eligible to vote in 1867; increased white voters, excluded black v ...
... Poll taxes – required voters to pay a fee each time that they voted Literacy tests – required voters to read and write in order to be able to vote Grandfather clauses – state law saying a person could vote if his grandfather had been eligible to vote in 1867; increased white voters, excluded black v ...
Dec. 7 The undoing of Reconstruction
... The former Confederacy was divided into military districts during Congressional (or “Military”) Reconstruction ...
... The former Confederacy was divided into military districts during Congressional (or “Military”) Reconstruction ...
Unit 12 Student Study Guide - Mrs. Madden @ Dahlstrom Middle
... The 13th Amendment (see 1st page) – One of three passed during the era of Reconstruction, freed all slaves without compensation to slave owners. President Abraham Lincoln first proposed compensated emancipation as an amendment in December 1862. His Emancipation Proclamation declared slaves free in t ...
... The 13th Amendment (see 1st page) – One of three passed during the era of Reconstruction, freed all slaves without compensation to slave owners. President Abraham Lincoln first proposed compensated emancipation as an amendment in December 1862. His Emancipation Proclamation declared slaves free in t ...
Reconstruction - Thomas County Schools
... Johnson of Tennessee, lacked his predecessor’s skills in handling people; those skills would be badly missed. Johnson’s plan envisioned the following: • Pardons would be granted to those taking a loyalty oath • No pardons would be available to high Confederate officials and persons owning property v ...
... Johnson of Tennessee, lacked his predecessor’s skills in handling people; those skills would be badly missed. Johnson’s plan envisioned the following: • Pardons would be granted to those taking a loyalty oath • No pardons would be available to high Confederate officials and persons owning property v ...
Review Sheet for Reform Era Test
... Congress sent a panel (called an Election Commission) of 5 Senators, 5 Representatives, and 5 Supreme Court Justices to investigate the 3 states. There were 7 Democrats, 7 Republicans, and 1 Independent (who happened to be a closeted Republican) They vote 8 to 7 for Hayes. Congressional Democrats th ...
... Congress sent a panel (called an Election Commission) of 5 Senators, 5 Representatives, and 5 Supreme Court Justices to investigate the 3 states. There were 7 Democrats, 7 Republicans, and 1 Independent (who happened to be a closeted Republican) They vote 8 to 7 for Hayes. Congressional Democrats th ...
Chapter 9: 1866-1889
... •Rev. Henry McNeal Turner was one of the first black men elected in Georgia. •The African Americans elected to the General Assembly were expelled in 1868. •It was argued by whites that civil rights laws gave blacks the right to vote but not to be elected. Ku Klux Klan ...
... •Rev. Henry McNeal Turner was one of the first black men elected in Georgia. •The African Americans elected to the General Assembly were expelled in 1868. •It was argued by whites that civil rights laws gave blacks the right to vote but not to be elected. Ku Klux Klan ...
Effects of the Civil War Lincoln`s Reconstruction
... Freedom to worship: African Americans formed their own churches and started mutual aid societies, debating clubs, drama societies, and trade associations. Freedom to learn: Between 1865 and 1870, black educators founded 30 African American colleges. ...
... Freedom to worship: African Americans formed their own churches and started mutual aid societies, debating clubs, drama societies, and trade associations. Freedom to learn: Between 1865 and 1870, black educators founded 30 African American colleges. ...
Chapter 22 and part of 23.1
... Section 1: “All persons born in the U.S. are citizens of this country and the state they reside in. No state shall make or enforce any law which deprives any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction to the equal protection of t ...
... Section 1: “All persons born in the U.S. are citizens of this country and the state they reside in. No state shall make or enforce any law which deprives any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction to the equal protection of t ...
Reconstruction Notes
... The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. ________ _______ groups were ...
... The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. ________ _______ groups were ...
Reconstruction - Thomas County Schools
... Johnson of Tennessee, lacked his predecessor’s skills in handling people; those skills would be badly missed. Johnson’s plan envisioned the following: • Pardons would be granted to those taking a loyalty oath • No pardons would be available to high Confederate officials and persons owning property v ...
... Johnson of Tennessee, lacked his predecessor’s skills in handling people; those skills would be badly missed. Johnson’s plan envisioned the following: • Pardons would be granted to those taking a loyalty oath • No pardons would be available to high Confederate officials and persons owning property v ...
9th grade Reconstruction Study Guide
... Although he was a Republican, he had privately agreed to end Reconstruction once in office. Restricted Rights for African Americans in the South Voting restrictions • Many southern states passed _______________ taxes, requiring voters to pay a fee to vote. Poor freedmen could rarely afford to vote. ...
... Although he was a Republican, he had privately agreed to end Reconstruction once in office. Restricted Rights for African Americans in the South Voting restrictions • Many southern states passed _______________ taxes, requiring voters to pay a fee to vote. Poor freedmen could rarely afford to vote. ...
Unit 5 Reconstruction Notes - Anderson School District Five
... Standard USHC-3: The student will demonstrate an understanding of how regional and ideological differences led to the Civil War & an understanding of the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on democracy in America. USHC-3.4: Summarize the end of Reconstruction, including the role of anti– Afr ...
... Standard USHC-3: The student will demonstrate an understanding of how regional and ideological differences led to the Civil War & an understanding of the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on democracy in America. USHC-3.4: Summarize the end of Reconstruction, including the role of anti– Afr ...
Unit 6.1 Reconstruction - Dover Union Free School District
... Bill into a constitutional amendment as protection against a future southern takeover of Congress and subsequent removal of Civil Rights Bill with simple majority. 2. Provisions: a. Gave civil rights including citizenship (but not including voting rights) to blacks. b. Reduced proportionately the re ...
... Bill into a constitutional amendment as protection against a future southern takeover of Congress and subsequent removal of Civil Rights Bill with simple majority. 2. Provisions: a. Gave civil rights including citizenship (but not including voting rights) to blacks. b. Reduced proportionately the re ...
Reconstruction
... (except Indians, not taxed) with full rights of the civil laws to which any citizen were entitled. ii) It gave black citizens the same rights as whites, and prohibited the states from restricting the rights of Blacks to testify in court or to hold court. iii) Johnson's veto along constitutional line ...
... (except Indians, not taxed) with full rights of the civil laws to which any citizen were entitled. ii) It gave black citizens the same rights as whites, and prohibited the states from restricting the rights of Blacks to testify in court or to hold court. iii) Johnson's veto along constitutional line ...
Chapter 22 - OrgSites.com
... incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim fo ...
... incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim fo ...
chapter 18 - the reconstruction era
... had to be paid before the person could vote Literacy test – a method used to prevent African Americans from voting by requiring prospective voters to read and write at a specific level Grandfather clause* – a clause that allowed individuals who did not pass the literacy test to vote if their fathers ...
... had to be paid before the person could vote Literacy test – a method used to prevent African Americans from voting by requiring prospective voters to read and write at a specific level Grandfather clause* – a clause that allowed individuals who did not pass the literacy test to vote if their fathers ...
Reconstruction of the South 1865-1877
... by Union general (5 sections) It ordered southern states to hold new elections for delegates/constitution Ordered all qualified male voters must be allowed to vote (black and white) Barred southerners who had supported the Confederacy from voting Southern states had to guarantee equal rights Must pa ...
... by Union general (5 sections) It ordered southern states to hold new elections for delegates/constitution Ordered all qualified male voters must be allowed to vote (black and white) Barred southerners who had supported the Confederacy from voting Southern states had to guarantee equal rights Must pa ...
Collision of Cultures
... (iv) "grandfather clauses" aimed to reduce number of black voters (i) -- Required citizenship prior to 14th Amendment (v) Gerrymandering (especially in Virginia) Page 5 of 11 ...
... (iv) "grandfather clauses" aimed to reduce number of black voters (i) -- Required citizenship prior to 14th Amendment (v) Gerrymandering (especially in Virginia) Page 5 of 11 ...
The Ten —Percent Plan The Freedmen`s Bureau Reconstruction
... Despite efforts by white landowners to force blacks hack into wage labor on large plantations, emancipation enabled southern blacks to rent their own plots iifland. farm them, and provide for their fhrnilies. A system of sharecropping emerged in which many former plantation owners divided their land ...
... Despite efforts by white landowners to force blacks hack into wage labor on large plantations, emancipation enabled southern blacks to rent their own plots iifland. farm them, and provide for their fhrnilies. A system of sharecropping emerged in which many former plantation owners divided their land ...
Chapter 18 Notes
... ______________. Although he was a Republican, he had privately agreed to end Reconstruction once in office. Restricted Rights for African Americans in the South Voting restrictions • Many southern states passed ___________ taxes, requiring voters to pay a fee to vote. Poor freedmen could rarely affo ...
... ______________. Although he was a Republican, he had privately agreed to end Reconstruction once in office. Restricted Rights for African Americans in the South Voting restrictions • Many southern states passed ___________ taxes, requiring voters to pay a fee to vote. Poor freedmen could rarely affo ...
Calvert, De León, Cantrell, p. 159.
... autonomy. As Democrats campaigned in the special congressional election of 1871, they stressed the issues of high taxes, corruption, fraud, and misgovernment. In November of 1872, the Democrats won a majority in both chambers of the State Legislature. When the new legislature met in 1873, it abolish ...
... autonomy. As Democrats campaigned in the special congressional election of 1871, they stressed the issues of high taxes, corruption, fraud, and misgovernment. In November of 1872, the Democrats won a majority in both chambers of the State Legislature. When the new legislature met in 1873, it abolish ...
Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era
Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era deals with the efforts made by Southern states of the former Confederacy at the turn of the 20th century in the United States to prevent their black citizens from registering to vote and voting. Their actions defied the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1870, which was intended to protect the suffrage of freedmen after the American Civil War.Considerable violence and fraud had accompanied elections during Reconstruction, as the white Democrats used paramilitary groups from the 1870s to suppress black Republican voting and turn Republicans out of office. After regaining control of the state legislatures, Democrats were alarmed by a late 19th-century alliance between Republicans and Populists that cost them some elections. In North Carolina's Wilmington Insurrection of 1898 (long called a race riot by whites), white Democrats conducted a coup d'etat of city government, the only one in United States history. They overturned a duly elected biracial government and widely attacked the black community, destroying lives and property.Ultimately, white Democrats added to previous efforts and achieved widespread disenfranchisement by law: from 1890 to 1908, Southern state legislatures passed new constitutions, constitutional amendments, and laws that made voter registration and voting more difficult. This turn of events achieved the intended result of disenfranchising most of the black citizens, as well as many poor whites in the South.The Republican Party was nearly eliminated in the region for decades, until the late 20th century, when a wholesale party realignment took place. Southern Democrats controlled the southern states based on white supremacy. As Congressional apportionment was based on the total population, the Southern white Democrats, the Southern bloc, had tremendous legislative power for decades. Section 2 of the Fourteenth Amendment could have reduced Congressional representation for states that denied suffrage on racial grounds, but this provision was not enforced, as opponents of the Southern bloc could not overcome their political power.In 1912, Woodrow Wilson gained an Electoral College bonus as a result of this black (Republican) disenfranchisement; he was elected as the first southern President since 1856. He was re-elected in 1916, in a much closer presidential contest. During his first term, Wilson instituted overt racial segregation throughout federal government workplaces and established racial discrimination in hiring. During World War I, American military forces were segregated, with black soldiers poorly trained and equipped; they were often sent on suicide missions. Disenfranchisement had other far-reaching effects in Congress, where the Democratic South gained ""about 25 extra seats in Congress for each decade between 1903 and 1953."" Also, the Democratic dominance in the South meant that southern Senators and Representatives were entrenched in Congress, gaining seniority privileges and control of chairmanships of important committees, as well as leadership of the national Democratic Party. During the Great Depression, legislation establishing numerous national social programs were passed without the representation of African Americans, leading to gaps in program coverage.In addition, because black Southerners were not listed on local voter rolls, they were automatically excluded from serving jury duty in local courts.Racial segregation in the U.S. military was ended by Executive Order of President Harry S. Truman in 1948, after World War II. Disenfranchisement did not end until after passage of federal civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s, which included authority for the federal government to monitor voter registration practices and elections and enforce constitutional voting rights.