
PHS 398 (Rev. 06/09), Continuation Page
... Studies in my laboratory are aimed at understanding the host response to fungal and bacterial infections of the cornea, which cause blindness and visual impairment worldwide. We have been examining the host response to the common filamentous soil fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium species, whi ...
... Studies in my laboratory are aimed at understanding the host response to fungal and bacterial infections of the cornea, which cause blindness and visual impairment worldwide. We have been examining the host response to the common filamentous soil fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium species, whi ...
Norepinephrine and octopamine - Invertebrate Survival Journal
... immune system in order to optimize the flight-orfight response. This hypothesis differs from the ‘energy-crisis’ hypothesis because it is not energy per se that is limiting, but specific molecules that are required for both immunity and some other physiological function. The ‘resource crunch’ hypoth ...
... immune system in order to optimize the flight-orfight response. This hypothesis differs from the ‘energy-crisis’ hypothesis because it is not energy per se that is limiting, but specific molecules that are required for both immunity and some other physiological function. The ‘resource crunch’ hypoth ...
The dynamics of acute inflammation
... Keywords: Systemic inflammation; Sepsis; Ordinary differential equation (ODE) models; Phase-space and bifurcation analysis ...
... Keywords: Systemic inflammation; Sepsis; Ordinary differential equation (ODE) models; Phase-space and bifurcation analysis ...
22 Modified Amino Acid-Based Molecules
... Research in recent years has also demonstrated the existence of an endogenous soluble form of RAGE known as sRAGE, which has an important effect as a decoy for RAGE and has been shown to prevent accumulation of RAGE in body tissues (Bierhaus et al., 2005b). This suggests that chronic diseases are no ...
... Research in recent years has also demonstrated the existence of an endogenous soluble form of RAGE known as sRAGE, which has an important effect as a decoy for RAGE and has been shown to prevent accumulation of RAGE in body tissues (Bierhaus et al., 2005b). This suggests that chronic diseases are no ...
Inflammation and Cellular Immune Responses in Abdominal Aortic
... stages of atheromata contain T lymphocytes, with a predominance of CD4⫹ helper T cells.34,64,68 T cells and macrophages may affect atherogenesis by producing various cytokines that induce either matrix synthesis or degradation. In particular, different T-cell subsets secrete IFN-␥ or IL-4 that drive ...
... stages of atheromata contain T lymphocytes, with a predominance of CD4⫹ helper T cells.34,64,68 T cells and macrophages may affect atherogenesis by producing various cytokines that induce either matrix synthesis or degradation. In particular, different T-cell subsets secrete IFN-␥ or IL-4 that drive ...
Zinc: an Antidepressant The essential mineral for resiliency Zinc is
... grown, phytates in grains, legumes, and nuts can interfere with its absorption. Since the body has no special zinc storage capability, its important to consume a bit of zinc on a regular basis (1). What does zinc have to do with depression? It turns out that zinc plays a part in modulating the brain ...
... grown, phytates in grains, legumes, and nuts can interfere with its absorption. Since the body has no special zinc storage capability, its important to consume a bit of zinc on a regular basis (1). What does zinc have to do with depression? It turns out that zinc plays a part in modulating the brain ...
Surfactant proteins and the inflammatory and immune response in
... Surfactant protein A prevents inhibition of surfactant activity by blood proteins. Leakage of blood components into the alveolar space as a result of lung injury has been implicated in the pathology of respiratory distress syndrome. Plasma proteins have been shown to inhibit surfactant activity both ...
... Surfactant protein A prevents inhibition of surfactant activity by blood proteins. Leakage of blood components into the alveolar space as a result of lung injury has been implicated in the pathology of respiratory distress syndrome. Plasma proteins have been shown to inhibit surfactant activity both ...
Examples of Supervisors and Research Projects (Wellcome)
... Immunity to TB infection: correlates of resistance and clearance in the human lung The role of endogenous inhibitors of nitric oxide synthesis in regulation of the innate immune response to sepsis. Gene regulation in the immune system Transcriptional regulation of IL-10 versus proinflammatory cytoki ...
... Immunity to TB infection: correlates of resistance and clearance in the human lung The role of endogenous inhibitors of nitric oxide synthesis in regulation of the innate immune response to sepsis. Gene regulation in the immune system Transcriptional regulation of IL-10 versus proinflammatory cytoki ...
Pediatric Neck Masses
... • Inflammatory • Lymphadenitis • Neoplastic • Lymphoma • Sarcoma • Carotid body tumor ...
... • Inflammatory • Lymphadenitis • Neoplastic • Lymphoma • Sarcoma • Carotid body tumor ...
Inflammation

Inflammation (Latin, inflammatio) is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.Inflammation is a protective response that involves immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. The purpose of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, clear out necrotic cells and tissues damaged from the original insult and the inflammatory process, and to initiate tissue repair.The classical signs of acute inflammation are pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. Inflammation is a generic response, and therefore it is considered as a mechanism of innate immunity, as compared to adaptive immunity, which is specific for each pathogen.Too little inflammation could lead to progressive tissue destruction by the harmful stimulus (e.g. bacteria) and compromise the survival of the organism. In contrast, chronic inflammation may lead to a host of diseases, such as hay fever, periodontitis, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and even cancer (e.g., gallbladder carcinoma). Inflammation is therefore normally closely regulated by the body.Inflammation can be classified as either acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is the initial response of the body to harmful stimuli and is achieved by the increased movement of plasma and leukocytes (especially granulocytes) from the blood into the injured tissues. A series of biochemical events propagates and matures the inflammatory response, involving the local vascular system, the immune system, and various cells within the injured tissue. Prolonged inflammation, known as chronic inflammation, leads to a progressive shift in the type of cells present at the site of inflammation and is characterized by simultaneous destruction and healing of the tissue from the inflammatory process.Inflammation is not a synonym for infection. Infection describes the interaction between the action of microbial invasion and the reaction of the body's inflammatory defensive response — the two components are considered together when discussing an infection, and the word is used to imply a microbial invasive cause for the observed inflammatory reaction. Inflammation on the other hand describes purely the body's immunovascular response, whatever the cause may be. But because of how often the two are correlated, words ending in the suffix -itis (which refers to inflammation) are sometimes informally described as referring to infection. For example, the word urethritis strictly means only ""urethral inflammation"", but clinical health care providers usually discuss urethritis as a urethral infection because urethral microbial invasion is the most common cause of urethritis.It is useful to differentiate inflammation and infection as there are many pathological situations where inflammation is not driven by microbial invasion - for example, atherosclerosis, type III hypersensitivity, trauma, ischaemia. There are also pathological situations where microbial invasion does not result in classic inflammatory response—for example, parasitosis, eosinophilia.