SERIES "RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN PULMONARY INFECTIONS" Number 5 in this Series
... murine CD8z cells at this stage may be the secretion of IFNc [57, 58]. Recently, tuberculosis-specific CD8z cells have also been identified in humans [59, 60], but their role in this species is equally uncertain. There are CD8z cells that will recognise TB-infected cells and secrete IFNc in blood fr ...
... murine CD8z cells at this stage may be the secretion of IFNc [57, 58]. Recently, tuberculosis-specific CD8z cells have also been identified in humans [59, 60], but their role in this species is equally uncertain. There are CD8z cells that will recognise TB-infected cells and secrete IFNc in blood fr ...
tuberculosis Mycobacterium Early Infection with Dynamic Roles of
... immune responses to intracellular bacteria, including M. tuberculosis. The absolute requirement for IFN-g in the immune control of TB is well established in animal models (3) and humans (4). IFNg–dependent protection is commonly believed to act through increasing the mycobactericidal activity of mac ...
... immune responses to intracellular bacteria, including M. tuberculosis. The absolute requirement for IFN-g in the immune control of TB is well established in animal models (3) and humans (4). IFNg–dependent protection is commonly believed to act through increasing the mycobactericidal activity of mac ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... Our goal is to exploit the strengths of zebrafish development and genetic versatility to better understand the development of white blood cells (leukocytes), particularly the phagocytes. Although invertebrates like Drosophila have phagocytic cells and an effective innate immune system, Drosophila la ...
... Our goal is to exploit the strengths of zebrafish development and genetic versatility to better understand the development of white blood cells (leukocytes), particularly the phagocytes. Although invertebrates like Drosophila have phagocytic cells and an effective innate immune system, Drosophila la ...
Mycophenolate mofetil increases susceptibility to opportunistic
... replication. Here we show that MMF has a distinct and specific in vivo effect on macrophages, in the absence of lymphoid cells. This results in increased macrophage cell death that is dependent on the depletion of cellular GTP, independent of DNA synthesis. Furthermore, the macrophage specific effec ...
... replication. Here we show that MMF has a distinct and specific in vivo effect on macrophages, in the absence of lymphoid cells. This results in increased macrophage cell death that is dependent on the depletion of cellular GTP, independent of DNA synthesis. Furthermore, the macrophage specific effec ...
VeriPrime Bulletin: Beta Glucans
... Binding of beta glucan to specific receptors (either CR3 or Dectin-1) activates the macrophage. The activation of macrophages consists of several interconnected processes including increased chemokinesis, chemotaxis, migration of macrophages, degranulation leading to increased expression of adhesive ...
... Binding of beta glucan to specific receptors (either CR3 or Dectin-1) activates the macrophage. The activation of macrophages consists of several interconnected processes including increased chemokinesis, chemotaxis, migration of macrophages, degranulation leading to increased expression of adhesive ...
mannavine - NutraVine
... involves an underactive immune system. such as in AIDS or cancer, or an overactive immune system, such as in rheumatoid arthritis, allergies, asthma, ulcerative colitis, lupus, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, and other autoimmune diseases. It is believed that the Manapol® empowers the macrophage b ...
... involves an underactive immune system. such as in AIDS or cancer, or an overactive immune system, such as in rheumatoid arthritis, allergies, asthma, ulcerative colitis, lupus, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, and other autoimmune diseases. It is believed that the Manapol® empowers the macrophage b ...
Evasion of COPD in smokers: at what price? PERSPECTIVE Manuel G. Cosio*
... mRNA encoding proteins that, through a complex programme of intracellular signalling, actively resolves inflammation. Furthermore, because long after transcription has ceased transcribed mRNAs can continue to synthesise pro-inflammatory proteins, a system would ideally be needed to modulate the prod ...
... mRNA encoding proteins that, through a complex programme of intracellular signalling, actively resolves inflammation. Furthermore, because long after transcription has ceased transcribed mRNAs can continue to synthesise pro-inflammatory proteins, a system would ideally be needed to modulate the prod ...
Doctoral thesis from the Department of Immunology,
... the release of cytotoxic reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) [16]. The ability of pathogenic mycobacteria to adapt to the hostile environment of macrophages has been instrumental in its success as a pathogen. Mycobacteria interfere with host trafficking pathways by modulating events in the endosoma ...
... the release of cytotoxic reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) [16]. The ability of pathogenic mycobacteria to adapt to the hostile environment of macrophages has been instrumental in its success as a pathogen. Mycobacteria interfere with host trafficking pathways by modulating events in the endosoma ...
1- Introduction
... and external chronic wounds. It is known from the literature that the plants which are used against wounds and other immune related diseases in traditional medicine are likely to contain immunomodulatory compounds, and polysaccharides are largely reported to be responsible of these activities. Two a ...
... and external chronic wounds. It is known from the literature that the plants which are used against wounds and other immune related diseases in traditional medicine are likely to contain immunomodulatory compounds, and polysaccharides are largely reported to be responsible of these activities. Two a ...
Genetic background affects susceptibility in nonfatal pneumococcal bronchopneumonia J.A. Preston , K.W. Beagley
... a widespread parenchymal inflammatory response with multifocal perivascular and peribronchial aggregates of neutrophils and lymphocytes but little if any alveolar exudation or pneumonic consolidation (results not shown). This pattern was consistent with a bronchopneumonia (lobular pneumonia), althou ...
... a widespread parenchymal inflammatory response with multifocal perivascular and peribronchial aggregates of neutrophils and lymphocytes but little if any alveolar exudation or pneumonic consolidation (results not shown). This pattern was consistent with a bronchopneumonia (lobular pneumonia), althou ...
PI3K and negative regulation of TLR signaling
... IRAK-M (IL-1 receptor-associated kinase-M) and SOCS-1 (suppressor of cytokine signaling-1) that are induced by TLR signaling and function during the second or continuous exposure to stimulation, PI3K functions at the early phase of TLR signaling and modulates the magnitude of the primary activation. ...
... IRAK-M (IL-1 receptor-associated kinase-M) and SOCS-1 (suppressor of cytokine signaling-1) that are induced by TLR signaling and function during the second or continuous exposure to stimulation, PI3K functions at the early phase of TLR signaling and modulates the magnitude of the primary activation. ...
NEUTROPHIL GRANULE PROTEINS:
... release of granule proteins the PMN communicates with the endothelium, monocytes, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes and is thereby critically involved in the fine tuning of the host defense system. This thesis aimed at elucidating mechanisms by which the PMN and its granule proteins recruit, activate ...
... release of granule proteins the PMN communicates with the endothelium, monocytes, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes and is thereby critically involved in the fine tuning of the host defense system. This thesis aimed at elucidating mechanisms by which the PMN and its granule proteins recruit, activate ...
Proinflammatory profile of in vitro monocytes in the ageing is
... functional plasticity [21]. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin present in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria and widely used for immunological assay, is recognized by monocyte/macrophage CD14 receptor and tolllike receptor (TLR) 4-MD2 [22]. These molecular interactions result in the release ...
... functional plasticity [21]. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin present in the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria and widely used for immunological assay, is recognized by monocyte/macrophage CD14 receptor and tolllike receptor (TLR) 4-MD2 [22]. These molecular interactions result in the release ...
Doctoral thesis from the Department of Immunology,
... determined the toxicity of an alkaloid extract of Evanta (AEE) on eukaryotic cells in vitro and afterwards analyzed the effect of AEE on parasite growth. At 10 µg/ml we observed inhibition of Leishmania braziliensis promastigote growth while viability of eukaryotic cells was practically not affected ...
... determined the toxicity of an alkaloid extract of Evanta (AEE) on eukaryotic cells in vitro and afterwards analyzed the effect of AEE on parasite growth. At 10 µg/ml we observed inhibition of Leishmania braziliensis promastigote growth while viability of eukaryotic cells was practically not affected ...
The regulation of IL‑10 production by immune cells
... receptor-deficient mice do not develop severe autoimmune disorders but develop colitis in the presence of microorganisms4,156. Many studies unequivocally identify CD4+ T cell-derived IL-10 as a key mediator of intestinal immune homeostasis157–161. Coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ...
... receptor-deficient mice do not develop severe autoimmune disorders but develop colitis in the presence of microorganisms4,156. Many studies unequivocally identify CD4+ T cell-derived IL-10 as a key mediator of intestinal immune homeostasis157–161. Coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ...
Dissertation LeWi Fakultät Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
... Analyses of the clinical and morphological picture in patients suffering from dermatomyositis showed that juvenile patients have very characteristic symptoms, like dysphagia and calcifications of skeletal muscles that are not part of the disease in adults. On the other hand, both diseases are consi ...
... Analyses of the clinical and morphological picture in patients suffering from dermatomyositis showed that juvenile patients have very characteristic symptoms, like dysphagia and calcifications of skeletal muscles that are not part of the disease in adults. On the other hand, both diseases are consi ...
The Importance of Nutrition to Healthy Immune Function
... accessible sites (e.g. there are certain antibodies in saliva) • Isolate immune cells from blood and then study those cells in culture -> can measure functional responses ...
... accessible sites (e.g. there are certain antibodies in saliva) • Isolate immune cells from blood and then study those cells in culture -> can measure functional responses ...
FONGAnti-inflammatoryRole2010
... expressing IKKβ dominant negative rescued the inhibitory effect of TNFα on IL12p40 production, indicating TNFα inhibits IL-12p40 via IKKβ activation. Macrophages are antigen presenting cells while IL-12 and MHC II are critical factors for TH1 cell development. I thus investigate the inhibitory effec ...
... expressing IKKβ dominant negative rescued the inhibitory effect of TNFα on IL12p40 production, indicating TNFα inhibits IL-12p40 via IKKβ activation. Macrophages are antigen presenting cells while IL-12 and MHC II are critical factors for TH1 cell development. I thus investigate the inhibitory effec ...
Aloe Vera and the Human Immune System
... benefitto its performance.The specialimponanceof Aloe is that its immune-active effectshavebeenclearlyshownto be of functionalbenefit. Next, it is clear,ffid well known, that the body's fight agairst tumoursis alsomediated throughthe immunesptenl which hasan ability to kill andremovetumotr cells. Th ...
... benefitto its performance.The specialimponanceof Aloe is that its immune-active effectshavebeenclearlyshownto be of functionalbenefit. Next, it is clear,ffid well known, that the body's fight agairst tumoursis alsomediated throughthe immunesptenl which hasan ability to kill andremovetumotr cells. Th ...
Infection Salmonella PIR-B-Deficient Mice Are Susceptible to
... (7, 12, 13). PIR are not expressed by T cells, NK cells, or erythrocytes, a feature that distinguishes mouse PIR from the human PIR homologues, leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILR) (originally called the Ig-like transcripts, monocyte-macrophage Ig-like receptors, or CD85), some of which are expressed ...
... (7, 12, 13). PIR are not expressed by T cells, NK cells, or erythrocytes, a feature that distinguishes mouse PIR from the human PIR homologues, leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILR) (originally called the Ig-like transcripts, monocyte-macrophage Ig-like receptors, or CD85), some of which are expressed ...
Activation of Innate Immune Responses by Non
... The human body is continuously interacting with microbes. Cells of the immune system protect the host from microbes some of which can occasionally cause diseases. Macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in innate and adaptive immune responses and they are activated in response to mi ...
... The human body is continuously interacting with microbes. Cells of the immune system protect the host from microbes some of which can occasionally cause diseases. Macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in innate and adaptive immune responses and they are activated in response to mi ...
Vaccines
... contain only the toxin (attenuated) produced by the bacteria and supposed to be responsible for the disease • The attenuation by rapid passage in a culture (BCG by 230 passages in potatoes mixed with beef bile; or measles by 85 passages in chicken fibroblasts) ...
... contain only the toxin (attenuated) produced by the bacteria and supposed to be responsible for the disease • The attenuation by rapid passage in a culture (BCG by 230 passages in potatoes mixed with beef bile; or measles by 85 passages in chicken fibroblasts) ...
Local Immune Responses in Human Tuberculosis: Learning From
... Importantly, the onset of adaptive immunity in human tuberculosis is delayed compared with other infections, which allows the bacterial load in the lung to expand significantly at the early stages of infection [3]. Studies from the site of tuberculosis infection in the murine lung have demonstrated ...
... Importantly, the onset of adaptive immunity in human tuberculosis is delayed compared with other infections, which allows the bacterial load in the lung to expand significantly at the early stages of infection [3]. Studies from the site of tuberculosis infection in the murine lung have demonstrated ...
ASTRAGALUS AND IMMUNITY
... Almost everyone in the U.S., at one time or another is checked with the tuberculin skin test to make certain they are not infected with tuberculosis (TB). In this terrible disease, lung tissue is slowly destroyed by TB organisms. Other organs can be infected as well, such as the brain, kidneys, live ...
... Almost everyone in the U.S., at one time or another is checked with the tuberculin skin test to make certain they are not infected with tuberculosis (TB). In this terrible disease, lung tissue is slowly destroyed by TB organisms. Other organs can be infected as well, such as the brain, kidneys, live ...
Macrophage
Macrophages (Greek: big eaters, from makros ""large"" + phagein ""eat""; abbr. MΦ) are a type of white blood cell that engulfs and digests cellular debris, foreign substances, microbes, cancer cells, and anything else that does not have the types of proteins specific to the surface of healthy body cells on its surface in a process called phagocytosis. Macrophages were first discovered by Élie Metchnikoff, a Russian bacteriologist, in 1884. They are found in essentially all tissues, where they patrol for potential pathogens by amoeboid movement. They play a critical role in non-specific defense (innate immunity), and also help initiate specific defense mechanisms (adaptive immunity) by recruiting other immune cells such as lymphocytes. In humans, dysfunctional macrophages cause severe diseases such as chronic granulomatous disease that result in frequent infections.Beyond increasing inflammation and stimulating the immune system, macrophages also play an important anti-inflammatory role and can decrease immune reactions through the release of cytokines. Macrophages that encourage inflammation are called M1 macrophages, whereas those that decrease inflammation and encourage tissue repair are called M2 macrophages. This difference is reflected in their metabolism, M1 macrophages have the unique ability to metabolize arginine to the ""killer"" molecule nitric oxide, whereas M2 macrophages have the unique ability to metabolize arginine to the ""repair"" molecule ornithine.Human macrophages are about 21 micrometres (0.00083 in) in diameter and are produced by the differentiation of monocytes in tissues. They can be identified using flow cytometry or immunohistochemical staining by their specific expression of proteins such as CD14, CD40, CD11b, CD64, F4/80 (mice)/EMR1 (human), lysozyme M, MAC-1/MAC-3 and CD68.