How do natural and sexual selection contribute to sympatric
... implicitly account for sexual selection. Indeed, they consider evolution of quantitative traits in the female part of the population and males are assumed to have exactly the same phenotypic and genotypic distribution for these traits. ‘Female preference’ and ‘male trait’ involved in this choice are ...
... implicitly account for sexual selection. Indeed, they consider evolution of quantitative traits in the female part of the population and males are assumed to have exactly the same phenotypic and genotypic distribution for these traits. ‘Female preference’ and ‘male trait’ involved in this choice are ...
Pg_Titre - europrise
... Vaccines, clinical .................................................................................................... 71 Vaccines, research ................................................................................................. 72 Virology ................................................ ...
... Vaccines, clinical .................................................................................................... 71 Vaccines, research ................................................................................................. 72 Virology ................................................ ...
Computational approaches to predict bacteriophage–host
... step of the phage life cycle is susceptible to mutations that will alter the balance in the phage–host relationship (Labrie, Samson and Moineau 2010). The very first interaction between phage and host involves the binding of the phage to receptor molecules on the surface of the host cell. These rece ...
... step of the phage life cycle is susceptible to mutations that will alter the balance in the phage–host relationship (Labrie, Samson and Moineau 2010). The very first interaction between phage and host involves the binding of the phage to receptor molecules on the surface of the host cell. These rece ...
BK Virus BK Virus, quantitative, plasma and urine
... viremic phase, the virus infects target tissues, including the uroepithelium, lymphoid tissue, and brain (13,14), establishing a latent or permissively lytic infection. SV40, a simian virus, was introduced into the human population through contaminated polio and adenovirus vaccines (15). It can be a ...
... viremic phase, the virus infects target tissues, including the uroepithelium, lymphoid tissue, and brain (13,14), establishing a latent or permissively lytic infection. SV40, a simian virus, was introduced into the human population through contaminated polio and adenovirus vaccines (15). It can be a ...
to the Ministry`s Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and
... The Trinidad and Tobago Pandemic Influenza Plan (the Plan) consists of an introduction and a background section, followed by the preparedness, response and recovery sections, which are consistent with the general principals of emergency response. Each section aims to assist and facilitate appropriat ...
... The Trinidad and Tobago Pandemic Influenza Plan (the Plan) consists of an introduction and a background section, followed by the preparedness, response and recovery sections, which are consistent with the general principals of emergency response. Each section aims to assist and facilitate appropriat ...
Genetics of Herpes Simplex Virus Type
... diagnostic PCR to confirm the presence of each mutation. (C) PCR fragments containing the kanamycin resistance or GFP-Zeocin resistance gene cassette flanked by approximately 50 bp of viral sequences on both sides were used for targeted GET recombination in E. coli to construct pYEbac102 mutant BACs ...
... diagnostic PCR to confirm the presence of each mutation. (C) PCR fragments containing the kanamycin resistance or GFP-Zeocin resistance gene cassette flanked by approximately 50 bp of viral sequences on both sides were used for targeted GET recombination in E. coli to construct pYEbac102 mutant BACs ...
catalogue
... world. CMV is normally a latent lifelong infection that is completely asymptomatic in those infected with the virus. The situation in persons with compromised immune systems such as AIDS patients and organ transplant recipients is much more serious with CMV recognised as one of the most important vi ...
... world. CMV is normally a latent lifelong infection that is completely asymptomatic in those infected with the virus. The situation in persons with compromised immune systems such as AIDS patients and organ transplant recipients is much more serious with CMV recognised as one of the most important vi ...
eMI Guidelines - Health Protection Surveillance Centre
... relevant for the purpose of developing these guidelines was extracted from these sources by working group members, and then discussed at the working group meetings to ensure that the guidance selected was appropriate for use in various settings throughout Ireland. ...
... relevant for the purpose of developing these guidelines was extracted from these sources by working group members, and then discussed at the working group meetings to ensure that the guidance selected was appropriate for use in various settings throughout Ireland. ...
Zika Virus: What We Know So Far
... As previously stated, the Zika virus was first discovered in 1947, named after the Zika forest in Uganda where the rhesus monkey was found. In 1948, the virus was confirmed in the Aedes species of mosquito, also in the Zika forest. In 1952, the Zika virus was found in humans in Uganda and Tanzania. ...
... As previously stated, the Zika virus was first discovered in 1947, named after the Zika forest in Uganda where the rhesus monkey was found. In 1948, the virus was confirmed in the Aedes species of mosquito, also in the Zika forest. In 1952, the Zika virus was found in humans in Uganda and Tanzania. ...
North Carolina`s Ethical Guidelines for an Influenza Pandemic
... is still time to think critically, carefully, and calmly about what ethical values should guide decision makers, healthcare workers, workers in other critical industries, and the general public when an influenza pandemic strikes. There is a strong likelihood that a widespread pandemic coupled with s ...
... is still time to think critically, carefully, and calmly about what ethical values should guide decision makers, healthcare workers, workers in other critical industries, and the general public when an influenza pandemic strikes. There is a strong likelihood that a widespread pandemic coupled with s ...
HIV Annual Surveillance Report
... infection, HIV moves into a period of clinical latency where the virus is developing in a person without producing symptoms. AIDS is the last stage (Stage 3) of HIV infection and occurs when the immune system is damaged to an extent that the person is vulnerable to life‐threatening opportunistic ...
... infection, HIV moves into a period of clinical latency where the virus is developing in a person without producing symptoms. AIDS is the last stage (Stage 3) of HIV infection and occurs when the immune system is damaged to an extent that the person is vulnerable to life‐threatening opportunistic ...
Avian Influenza Training Facilitator Guide
... Conduct ongoing surveillance for human illness linked to affected premises. Ensure timely reporting of any suspect, probable, or confirmed human cases and reporting of control measures put in place, through the normal reporting channels (i.e., from local public health to state authority to CDC). Thi ...
... Conduct ongoing surveillance for human illness linked to affected premises. Ensure timely reporting of any suspect, probable, or confirmed human cases and reporting of control measures put in place, through the normal reporting channels (i.e., from local public health to state authority to CDC). Thi ...
Multiple Routes to Subfunctionalization and Gene Duplicate
... framework again assumes that during the preduplication phase, evolution is frozen and no genetic variation is possible. In effect, it argues that duplications diverge because of multifunctional proteins but kicks back the question of how multifunctional genes arise. The problem with this view is tha ...
... framework again assumes that during the preduplication phase, evolution is frozen and no genetic variation is possible. In effect, it argues that duplications diverge because of multifunctional proteins but kicks back the question of how multifunctional genes arise. The problem with this view is tha ...
Viruses, Plagues, and History
... behavior runs through all twelve stories, testifying to our human fallibility. Unsubstantiated rumors or beliefs that the poliovirus vaccine was the cause of HIV, that autism results from vaccination with measles virus, and so forth, have led to refusal to take vaccines with resultant outbreaks of v ...
... behavior runs through all twelve stories, testifying to our human fallibility. Unsubstantiated rumors or beliefs that the poliovirus vaccine was the cause of HIV, that autism results from vaccination with measles virus, and so forth, have led to refusal to take vaccines with resultant outbreaks of v ...
chapter 1 - UTMB Health SHARED Home
... Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a positive sense single-stranded RNA virus in the family Togaviridae that between 2005 and 2007 caused its largest outbreak/epidemic in documented history, affecting parts of Africa, the Indian Ocean islands, India, and Europe. An unusual feature of this epidemic was the ...
... Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a positive sense single-stranded RNA virus in the family Togaviridae that between 2005 and 2007 caused its largest outbreak/epidemic in documented history, affecting parts of Africa, the Indian Ocean islands, India, and Europe. An unusual feature of this epidemic was the ...
Inference of homologous recombination in bacteria using whole
... Graph model since two recombinant branches affecting different regions may coalesce with each other. Thus inference when T , θ, ρ and δ are known can be done even for a large genomic alignment by parallelization of the inference of the recombination events for each alignment region. Alignment regio ...
... Graph model since two recombinant branches affecting different regions may coalesce with each other. Thus inference when T , θ, ρ and δ are known can be done even for a large genomic alignment by parallelization of the inference of the recombination events for each alignment region. Alignment regio ...
Wolbachia`s Role In Classical Speciation Theory
... diverge, what causes reproductive isolation between groups of a common former species and how hybrid dysfunctions such as sterility or inviability evolve cannot be fully explained. Usually, studies on the aforementioned topics focus on genetic factors. It is, however, possible that cytoplasmic non-g ...
... diverge, what causes reproductive isolation between groups of a common former species and how hybrid dysfunctions such as sterility or inviability evolve cannot be fully explained. Usually, studies on the aforementioned topics focus on genetic factors. It is, however, possible that cytoplasmic non-g ...
Ebola haemorrhagic fever
... and perhaps other mammalian species that are susceptible to Ebola virus infection are regarded as end hosts and not as reservoir species.22 Although much effort has been made to identify the natural reservoirs with every large outbreak of Ebola haemorrhagic fever, neither potential hosts nor arthropo ...
... and perhaps other mammalian species that are susceptible to Ebola virus infection are regarded as end hosts and not as reservoir species.22 Although much effort has been made to identify the natural reservoirs with every large outbreak of Ebola haemorrhagic fever, neither potential hosts nor arthropo ...
Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation - Pediatric Emergency Medicine
... interest that relates to this presentation. Any use of brand names is not in any way meant to be an endorsement of a specific product, but to merely illustrate a point of emphasis. ...
... interest that relates to this presentation. Any use of brand names is not in any way meant to be an endorsement of a specific product, but to merely illustrate a point of emphasis. ...
Fate and Transport of Zoonotic Bacterial, Viral, and Parasitic
... manures that also may apply to other types of microbial organisms: (1) temperature effects on virus inactivation may not be direct but reflect temperature-dependent processes in swine manure that affect viral survival and (2) the survival properties of different viruses are very variable, preventing ...
... manures that also may apply to other types of microbial organisms: (1) temperature effects on virus inactivation may not be direct but reflect temperature-dependent processes in swine manure that affect viral survival and (2) the survival properties of different viruses are very variable, preventing ...
A Guide to HIV/HCV Coinfection
... The impact of hepatitis C on HIV disease is less clear, but a majority of studies suggest that hepatitis C does not accelerate HIV disease progression. Hepatitis C can affect HIV treatment by increasing the frequency of liver toxicity related to the processing of HIV drugs. There is also the potenti ...
... The impact of hepatitis C on HIV disease is less clear, but a majority of studies suggest that hepatitis C does not accelerate HIV disease progression. Hepatitis C can affect HIV treatment by increasing the frequency of liver toxicity related to the processing of HIV drugs. There is also the potenti ...
Genital herpes: neurologic complications
... lumbosacral radicular dysfunction: constipation, erectile dysfunction, anogenital pain, paresthesias, loss of sensation, or flaccid paresis of leg muscles. HSV-2 has been so frequently implicated as causing a self-limited syndrome of acute urinary retention, root or cord dysfunction, and CSF pleocyt ...
... lumbosacral radicular dysfunction: constipation, erectile dysfunction, anogenital pain, paresthesias, loss of sensation, or flaccid paresis of leg muscles. HSV-2 has been so frequently implicated as causing a self-limited syndrome of acute urinary retention, root or cord dysfunction, and CSF pleocyt ...
Canalization, Cryptic Variation, and Developmental Buffering: A
... B. THE NEED FOR MULTIPLE, INDEPENDENT SAMPLES (ACROSS GENOTYPES, NOT INDIVIDUALS) This is one of the more common oversights in studies of canalization. Given that each line represents a single genetic sample, measuring multiple individuals within a line essentially increases the sampling (providing ...
... B. THE NEED FOR MULTIPLE, INDEPENDENT SAMPLES (ACROSS GENOTYPES, NOT INDIVIDUALS) This is one of the more common oversights in studies of canalization. Given that each line represents a single genetic sample, measuring multiple individuals within a line essentially increases the sampling (providing ...
Médicaments antiviraux en cas de grippe saisonnière et pandémique. recommandations de bonne
... sinon impossibles à prédire. Depuis 1997 plus de 200 cas confirmés d’infection humaine avec le virus de la grippe aviaire (influenza A H5N1) ont été rapportés. La plupart de ces cas semblaient résulter d’un contact direct avec des volailles infectées, ou avec des surfaces contaminées et ont eu lie ...
... sinon impossibles à prédire. Depuis 1997 plus de 200 cas confirmés d’infection humaine avec le virus de la grippe aviaire (influenza A H5N1) ont été rapportés. La plupart de ces cas semblaient résulter d’un contact direct avec des volailles infectées, ou avec des surfaces contaminées et ont eu lie ...
Viral phylodynamics
Viral phylodynamics is defined as the study of how epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes act and potentially interact to shape viral phylogenies.Since the coining of the term in 2004, research on viral phylodynamics has focused on transmission dynamics in an effort to shed light on how these dynamics impact viral genetic variation. Transmission dynamics can be considered at the level of cells within an infected host, individual hosts within a population, or entire populations of hosts.Many viruses, especially RNA viruses, rapidly accumulate genetic variation because of short generation times and high mutation rates.Patterns of viral genetic variation are therefore heavily influenced by how quickly transmission occurs and by which entities transmit to one another.Patterns of viral genetic variation will also be affected by selection acting on viral phenotypes.Although viruses can differ with respect to many phenotypes, phylodynamic studies have to date tended to focus on a limited number of viral phenotypes.These include virulence phenotypes, phenotypes associated with viral transmissibility, cell or tissue tropism phenotypes, and antigenic phenotypes that can facilitate escape from host immunity.Due to the impact that transmission dynamics and selection can have on viral genetic variation, viral phylogenies can therefore be used to investigate important epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes, such as epidemic spread, spatio-temporal dynamics including metapopulation dynamics, zoonotic transmission, tissue tropism, and antigenic drift.The quantitative investigation of these processes through the consideration of viral phylogenies is the central aim of viral phylodynamics.