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Viruses - Chap 13 partI
Viruses - Chap 13 partI

... with host cell Host range  Permissive or compatible host cells permit viral replication  Nonpermissive host cells do not permit viral replication  Host range may be broad (a number of species) or narrow (one cell type of a single species)  e.g., bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, plants and ani ...
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... • Addition of 0.5 ml virus dilutes the polybrene to 1× final concentration • If adding less than 0.5 ml virus, add culture medium to a total volume of 1 ml per well 4. In the morning, aspirate the virus mixture and add 2 ml culture medium • There is no need to wash cells with PBS at this step 5. If ...
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... 2. Immune response, group of cells, tissues and organs that work together to protect the body, ...
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... put those macromolecules together to make cellular structures (for example: protein + phospholipids = cell membrane). We’ll also learn about another type of microbe, the virus, and look at how it replicates itself by taking over these macromolecular-generating processes inside our own eukaryotic cel ...
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Preventing Communicable Diseases

... “B” cells produce antibodies – a protein that acts against a specific antigen. An antibody will either mark a cell for destruction, destroy the antigen or block the virus from entering the body. ...
Characteristics
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... DNA into the cell. B The viral DNA attaches to the host DNA. C DNA replication takes place (Interphase) D The cell undergoes mitosis E Stress causes the viral DNA to create the “weird” protein thus creating an outbreak! ...
Chapter 3: Viruses 第三章:病毒
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... • Merck & Co. has stopped the Phase II trial of its V520 HIV vaccine after interim results showed that the vaccine was not effective and did not prevent infection. Viral Disease Treatment/Prevention ...
ppt version
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Viruses - Fillingham
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Final Exam Study Guide
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... 1. What are the first and second lines of defense of nonspecific host mechanisms? 2. How does the nonspecific defense system differ from the specific defense system? 3. Know examples of the different barriers in the non-specific defense. 4. What is the role of normal microbiota (flora) in the non-sp ...
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... b. A preparation that is applied to improve immunity to an illness c. A substance used to destroy pathogens d. Antimicrobial substance that is applied to the skin 7. A virus is made up of two basic components, the protein coat and ___________. a. DNA or RNA b. hard shell c. flagellum d. nucleus 8. T ...
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Viruses: Bacterial and Animal
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... Controlling Bacteria • Pasteurization – heating product to a temperature that will kill most bacteria • Sanitation • Vaccines – a preparation of killed or weakened pathogens introduced into the body to produce immunity • Antibiotics – chemical that destroys or inhibits the growth of bacteria ...
Carcinogenesis – The Development of Cancer
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No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... • Viruses penetrate epithelial surfaces and take over cells to produce more viruses • The host cell then ruptures and releases the newly produced viruses or the virus will not rupture the cell until it is stimulated by a chemical or physical agent. • Although the immune system can defeat most viral ...
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... crossto move from cell to cell. This movementoccursthroughplasmodesmata, channelsthat spanthe cell wall and provide continuitybetweenadjacentcells. These intercellular connectionsplay an importantrole in cell-to-cellcommunicationand provide the route through which water and other substances passfrom ...
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Oncolytic virus

An oncolytic virus is a virus that preferentially infects and kills cancer cells. As the infected cancer cells are destroyed by lysis, they release new infectious virus particles to help destroy the remaining tumour. Oncolytic viruses are thought not only to cause direct destruction of the tumour cells, but also to stimulate host anti-tumour immune responses.The potential of viruses as anti-cancer agents was first realised in the early twentieth century, although coordinated research efforts did not begin until the 1960s. A number of viruses including adenovirus, reovirus, measles, herpes simplex, Newcastle disease virus and vaccinia have now been clinically tested as oncolytic agents. Most current oncolytic viruses are engineered for tumour selectivity, although there are naturally occurring examples such as reovirus and the SVV-001 Seneca Valley virus, resulting in clinical trials.As of 2011, only limited human trials had been performed.Nevertheless, the drug talimogene laherparepvec (OncoVex, T-VEC) recently (Jan 2012) reported the first positive interim Phase III clinical trial results for an oncolytic virus, making it likely that it will also be the first one approved for use (for the treatment of advanced melanoma). However, skeptics have questioned the clinical relevance of this interim data citing that the awaited overall survival data will be the final judgement and that it is likely that patient benefit will be maximised in combination with other therapies, which this trial did not test. 2015 update: In a combined decision, members of the FDA’s Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) and Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies Advisory Committee (CTGTAC) voted 22-1 to recommend approval of the oncolytic immunotherapy talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) as a treatment for patients with advanced melanoma. A final approval decision from the FDA is scheduled by October 27, 2015. Approved in Latvia oncolytic virus RIGVIR was registered in Georgia in February 2015. Melanoma Research published new data on RIGVIR efficacy, showing that early stage melanoma patients treated with oncolytic virus RIGVIR had 4.39–6.57-fold lower mortality than those, who according to melanoma treatment guidelines did not receive virotherapy and were only observed.
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