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Name date period
Name date period

... Viruses are very successful at invading the cells of other organisms. After a virus attaches itself to the outside of a host cell, a viral enzyme damages the cell membrane and allows the virus to enter the host cell. Some viruses inject their DNA into the host cell & leave their protein coat outside ...
Section 19-3 - Effingham County Schools
Section 19-3 - Effingham County Schools

... Bacteriophage DNA Bacteriophage protein ...
File
File

... It's easy to mix these up since compared to us, both are VERY SMALL. But... Bacteria, given the proper nutrients, can grow and reproduce on their own Viruses cannot "live" or reproduce without getting inside some living cell, whether it's a plant, animal, or bacteria. ...
Virus and Bacteria Worksheet
Virus and Bacteria Worksheet

... T/F state whether the statement is true or false. If FALSE correct what is wrong to make the statement true. 1. _________________ All viruses look alike 2. _________________ Bacteria are unicellular 3. _________________ Bacteria have cell walls 4. _________________ Bacteria have a nucleus 5. _______ ...
Summaries II
Summaries II

... • Although it requires only a single virion to initiate an infectious cycle, not all virions are equally infectious. • Virus infectivity is measured by the plaque assay. • Plaques are clear zones that develop on lawns of host cells. • Theoretically, each plaque is due to infection by a single virus ...
Viruses Scavenger Hunt Guiding Worksheet
Viruses Scavenger Hunt Guiding Worksheet

... reproductive cycle of a virus. This occurs in viruses that do not have an envelope. Use the following letters and descriptions to label the diagram. A. Host enzymes transcribe the viral genome into viral mRNA, which other hosts enzymes use to make more ...
Viruses Scavenger Hunt Guiding Worksheet
Viruses Scavenger Hunt Guiding Worksheet

... reproductive cycle of a virus. This occurs in viruses that do not have an envelope. Use the following letters and descriptions to label the diagram. A. Host enzymes transcribe the viral genome into viral mRNA, which other hosts enzymes use to make more ...
Viruses Scavenger Hunt Guiding Worksheet
Viruses Scavenger Hunt Guiding Worksheet

... reproductive cycle of a virus. This occurs in viruses that do not have an envelope. Use the following letters and descriptions to label the diagram. By hovering over the box with the curser and right clicking. Then choose edit text to add the letter to the box A. Host enzymes transcribe the viral ge ...
3. Viruses 2010
3. Viruses 2010

... Human Health What makes viruses so challenging? 1. Most are difficult to treat and are not destroyed by sulfa drugs or antibiotics that have been so effective at treating bacterial illnesses. 2. Some viruses remain dormant for years before symptoms appear (due to the lysogenic cycle) ...
Viruses Scavenger Hunt Guiding Worksheet
Viruses Scavenger Hunt Guiding Worksheet

... Article from: http://www.scq.ubc.ca/restriction-endonucleases-molecular-scissors-forspecifically-cutting-dna/ a) What are restriction endonucleases (restriction enzymes) and what do they do? ...
BTY328: Viruses
BTY328: Viruses

... aggregates. The host cell chloroplasts become abnormal and often degenerate and new chloroplast synthesis is inhibited. Leaves may appear chlorotic. Reproduction within the host depends on the virus's ability to spread throughout the plant. Viruses can move long distances through the plant vasculatu ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • Inject safe form of viral proteins (antigens) • Immune system produces antibodies and memory cells • Fast response to actual virus prevents disease ...
Instructions for Animal Virus
Instructions for Animal Virus

... Viruses use these shapes because they are highly efficient. In the adenovirus, for instance, two proteins make up most of its capsid. That’s like building the outside of your house with two types of bricks. Furthermore, the viral building blocks selfassemble. That means they don’t need mortar to hol ...
Answers for support worksheet – Chapter 6
Answers for support worksheet – Chapter 6

... When a person breathes in, the diaphragm contracts and changes from a domed shape to a flat shape. At the same time, the external intercostal muscles contract and the internal intercostal muscles relax. This moves the ribcage upwards and outwards, increasing the volume of the thorax. Pressure inside ...
Lytic Cycle
Lytic Cycle

... • Virus enters the cell, makes copies of itself and causes the cell to burstVirus lyses the host cell quickly and then releases hundreds of virus particles that infect other cells. • Lysogenic Cycle: Virus may “hide” in the host cell for a long period of time until causing symptoms of ...
Foundations in Microbiology
Foundations in Microbiology

... • Infects lymphoid tissue & salivary glands • Transmission – direct oral contact & contamination with saliva • By mid-life 90-95% of all people are infected • Causes mononucleosis – sore throat, high fever, cervical lymphadenopathy • 30-50 day incubation • Most cases asymptomatic • Burkitt’s lymphom ...
How do viruses, bacteria, and protists effect our lives in both positive
How do viruses, bacteria, and protists effect our lives in both positive

... spoil when they break down the chemicals Some cause diseases/illnesses, which can be mild (like strep throat) or life threatening (like Tuberculosis ) ...
Classical Swine Fever (CSF)
Classical Swine Fever (CSF)

... Pigs are usually infected with CSF virus via the oro-nasal route under natural conditions, although infection via the conjunctiva, genital mucosa and abraded skin may occur, as well as transplacental infection of foetuses in utero. The primary site of replication is the oro-pharyngeal tonsillar tiss ...
classic_swine_fever_3_pathogenesis
classic_swine_fever_3_pathogenesis

... Pigs are usually infected with CSF virus via the oro-nasal route under natural conditions, although infection via the conjunctiva, genital mucosa and abraded skin may occur, as well as transplacental infection of foetuses in utero. The primary site of replication is the oro-pharyngeal tonsillar tiss ...
Clinical Virology: Part Two The Viruses
Clinical Virology: Part Two The Viruses

... • Derive name from mode of transmission (arthropod born) • Humans are dead-end hosts • Families ...
Proteases and Viruses
Proteases and Viruses

... Protease is a classification of a group of enzymes which act on protein molecules and assist in catalyzing reactions. These reactions, in effect help to change the molecular structure, or break down the protein molecules. Based on clinical studies, it is known that proteases are able to dissolve alm ...
Immune System Notes
Immune System Notes

... Those antibodies quickly destroy the virus and are then kept in the bloodstream for the rest of your life. The next time that virus enters your body the antibodies in the bloodstream are ready to attack and disable the virus before it has a chance to multiply enough to cause infection/ disease. Note ...
Chapter 13 Notes
Chapter 13 Notes

... o Drugs that target replication machinery also target host cell Host Range  Host range –the __________________ of host cells that virus can ________________  Most viruses are limited to ____________________ type of _________________ species  Host range determined by: o Virus’ requirements for ___ ...
Clinical Group - Chulabhorn Research Institute
Clinical Group - Chulabhorn Research Institute

... Disrupting the assembly line Protease Enz cut viral proteins into shorter pieces so that they can incorporated into new viruses -Protease inhibitors block this stage of reproduction by neutralizing the enzyme. They’re even more effective when combined with RT inhibitors ...
Size and Shape of Viruses
Size and Shape of Viruses

... A vaccine contains a killed or weakened part of a germ that is responsible for infection. Because the germ has been killed or weakened before it is used to make the vaccine, it can not make the person sick. When a person receives a vaccine, the body reacts by making protective substances called "ant ...
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Oncolytic virus

An oncolytic virus is a virus that preferentially infects and kills cancer cells. As the infected cancer cells are destroyed by lysis, they release new infectious virus particles to help destroy the remaining tumour. Oncolytic viruses are thought not only to cause direct destruction of the tumour cells, but also to stimulate host anti-tumour immune responses.The potential of viruses as anti-cancer agents was first realised in the early twentieth century, although coordinated research efforts did not begin until the 1960s. A number of viruses including adenovirus, reovirus, measles, herpes simplex, Newcastle disease virus and vaccinia have now been clinically tested as oncolytic agents. Most current oncolytic viruses are engineered for tumour selectivity, although there are naturally occurring examples such as reovirus and the SVV-001 Seneca Valley virus, resulting in clinical trials.As of 2011, only limited human trials had been performed.Nevertheless, the drug talimogene laherparepvec (OncoVex, T-VEC) recently (Jan 2012) reported the first positive interim Phase III clinical trial results for an oncolytic virus, making it likely that it will also be the first one approved for use (for the treatment of advanced melanoma). However, skeptics have questioned the clinical relevance of this interim data citing that the awaited overall survival data will be the final judgement and that it is likely that patient benefit will be maximised in combination with other therapies, which this trial did not test. 2015 update: In a combined decision, members of the FDA’s Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) and Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies Advisory Committee (CTGTAC) voted 22-1 to recommend approval of the oncolytic immunotherapy talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) as a treatment for patients with advanced melanoma. A final approval decision from the FDA is scheduled by October 27, 2015. Approved in Latvia oncolytic virus RIGVIR was registered in Georgia in February 2015. Melanoma Research published new data on RIGVIR efficacy, showing that early stage melanoma patients treated with oncolytic virus RIGVIR had 4.39–6.57-fold lower mortality than those, who according to melanoma treatment guidelines did not receive virotherapy and were only observed.
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