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Unit 11: Classification (And REALLY quick survey of kingdoms
Unit 11: Classification (And REALLY quick survey of kingdoms

... – Viruses are nonliving particles containing DNA or RNA and are surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. – Some viruses also have an envelope that is derived from a host cell’s nuclear membrane or cell membrane. ...
RNA genomes
RNA genomes

... phage T4 Fraenkel-Conrat’s work with TMV ...
Infection
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... Diseases of Lower Digestive System  Infection: Growth of a pathogen  Incubation is from 12 hours to 2 weeks  Fever ...
7.6 Viruses
7.6 Viruses

... transcriptase. Thus it can be inferred that the virus A. Uses only DNA B. Uses only RNA C. Uses RNA as a template for DNA D. Uses DNA as a template for RNA E. Replicates continuously ...
Gapped dsDNA genomes
Gapped dsDNA genomes

... The  elegance  of  the  Bal*more  system   Knowing  only  the  nature  of  the  viral  genome,   one  can  deduce  the  basic  steps  that  must  take  place  to  produce  mRNA ...
Microbiology - mypharmaguide.com
Microbiology - mypharmaguide.com

... Ice disrupts the cell structure ...
MICRO-Chapter One Notes
MICRO-Chapter One Notes

... ‘injected’ some of the pus into James. This process he repeated over a number of days gradually increasing the amount of pus he put into the boy. He then deliberately injected Phipps with smallpox. James became ill but after a few days made a full recovery with no side effects. It seemed that Jenner ...
ch17
ch17

... standing water of mosquito breeding sites. It is very specific; it attacks only mosquito larvae and two other minor pests. Bacillus popilliae It attacks the larva of the Japanese beetle. This beetle was introduced accidentally in the US and is very destructive to ornamental and agricultural crop pla ...
Microbial World and You
Microbial World and You

... 1. The same organisms must be found in all cases of a given disease.  2. The organism must be isolated and grown in pure culture.  3. The isolated organism must reproduce the same disease when inoculated into a healthy susceptible animal.  4. The original organism must again be isolated from the ...
(T/F) The outer membrane for G+ and the cell membrane for G
(T/F) The outer membrane for G+ and the cell membrane for G

... often resistant to multiple drugs; causes disseminated disease in AIDS. Describe the H. flu vaccine. When is it given? contains type b capsulare polysaccharide conjugated to diphtheria toxoid or other protein. -Given b/t 2m and 18m. Describe the typical findings with diarrhea caused by enterotoxigen ...
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Ag Rapid Test
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Ag Rapid Test

... - Do not remove test cassette from its pouch until immediately before use. - Do not reuse the test kit. - Do not use the test beyond its expiration date marked on the foil pouch. - The components in this kit have been quality control tested as standard batch unit. Do not mix components from differen ...
(PHAB2HH1) Module Contact: Dr Sheng Qi, PHA Copyright of the
(PHAB2HH1) Module Contact: Dr Sheng Qi, PHA Copyright of the

... Endogenous retroviruses are derived from ancient infections of germ cells in humans, mammals and other vertebrates Human endogenous retroviruses comprise around 5-8% of the human genome They are passed on to the next generation in the form of proviruses Endogenous retroviruses have been linked with ...
Lecture 1: Infectious Diseases i th 21st C t in the 21st Century
Lecture 1: Infectious Diseases i th 21st C t in the 21st Century

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Lec 13 Microbial diseases of skin and eyes

...  Transmitted by the respiratory route, viremia, skin cell infection  Causes pus-filled vesicles on face, throat, lower back, and sometimes ...
Microorganisms
Microorganisms

... contaminated food, water or bad hygiene), contact, droplet, air-born, blood and sexual contact. II. ...
Common Antiviral Agents Common Antiviral Agents
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... Lopinavir, Nelfinavir and Saquinavir. This therapy has provided major gains in the treatment of AIDS. Some protease inhibitors can also be used with HBV and HCV infections. Protease inhibitors (developed in the 1990’s) have had an enormous impact on survival. c. Integrase Inhibitors (HIV) Integrase ...
Mammalian Virus Purification Using Ceramic Hydroxyapatite - Bio-Rad
Mammalian Virus Purification Using Ceramic Hydroxyapatite - Bio-Rad

... particle infectivity. Here, we propose the chromatographic separation of viral particles of diverse sizes and from different families, such as dengue, Japanese encephalitis, influenza, mouse hepatitis, adenovirus, poliovirus, and feline calicivirus, using CHT™ Ceramic Hydroxyapatite Media (Resin). T ...
Name of disease
Name of disease

... The viruses cannot reproduce independently. They need living cells on hosts. Once a virus attaches itself to its host cell, it injects the genetic material into the cell. This genetic material instructs the host cell to manufacture more viruses. In this way, the virus multiplies itself inside our ce ...
Bacterial cell characteristics
Bacterial cell characteristics

... • Used
in
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to
decompose
dead
material
in
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and
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12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes
12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes

... Griffith reasoned that some chemical factor that could change harmless bacteria into disease-causing bacteria was transferred from the heatkilled cells of the S strain into the live cells of the R strain He called this process transformation, because one type of bacteria ...
12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes
12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes

... Griffith reasoned that some chemical factor that could change harmless bacteria into disease-causing bacteria was transferred from the heatkilled cells of the S strain into the live cells of the R strain He called this process transformation, because one type of bacteria ...
File
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Intestinal Pathogens Flyer - Medical Diagnostic Laboratories
Intestinal Pathogens Flyer - Medical Diagnostic Laboratories

... Clinical Significance: Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic Gram-positive spore forming bacteria. C. difficile is the most serious cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and can lead to pseudomembranous colitis, a severe infection of the colon, often resulting from eradication of the normal ...
Human herpes virus: Bacteria and periodontium
Human herpes virus: Bacteria and periodontium

... emerged as a putative pathogens in destructing progressive periodontal disease in the past few years.[5] In various types of periodontal diseases, human herpes viruses have emerged as putative pathogens since mid-1900s. They are the leading cause of human viral diseases. Greek word Herpein from whic ...
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial diseases

... • Starts as upper respiratory infection • Toxins can spread from bloodstream and cause rapid death • Transmissible as aerosol or through shared utensils or cups ...
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History of virology



The history of virology – the scientific study of viruses and the infections they cause – began in the closing years of the 19th century. Although Louis Pasteur and Edward Jenner developed the first vaccines to protect against viral infections, they did not know that viruses existed. The first evidence of the existence of viruses came from experiments with filters that had pores small enough to retain bacteria. In 1892, Dmitry Ivanovsky used one of these filters to show that sap from a diseased tobacco plant remained infectious to healthy tobacco plants despite having been filtered. Martinus Beijerinck called the filtered, infectious substance a ""virus"" and this discovery is considered to be the beginning of virology. By the 20th century many viruses were discovered.
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