• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
factors influencing the adoption of land conserving technologies
factors influencing the adoption of land conserving technologies

... Group Discussions (FGD) and taking field measurements. Of the total 672 households for the study area, a total of 60 farmers were then randomly selected and interviewed of which half were selected from the farmers that had hill slope gardens. The study revealed that farmers perceived that soil ferti ...
Weathering and Soil Formation
Weathering and Soil Formation

... water that sinks through air pockets in the soil. The result is a weak acid called carbonic acid. Carbonic acid easily weathers rocks such as marble and limestone. ...
Nylex Cordrain Geocomposite Drainage Layer
Nylex Cordrain Geocomposite Drainage Layer

... Typically eliminates the need for aggregate or sand backfill. Lightweight and flexible Easy to handle and quick to install. ...
Weathering: breakdown of rocks into sediments The difference
Weathering: breakdown of rocks into sediments The difference

... A settles first (shortest time), B settles second, C third, and D settles last (longest time) ...
silicate agrominerals as nutrient sources and as soil conditioners for
silicate agrominerals as nutrient sources and as soil conditioners for

... After the initial success of this approach, the challenges nowadays are dedicated on the efficient supply of nutrients for agriculture. The efficiency of the management of these soluble sources must improve to ensure the best use of the nutrients that are derived from finite mineral resources and hi ...
SOILS.
SOILS.

... colloidal state. This includes water retaining capacity as well. The texture of the soil (Particle) depends upon the relative proportions of particles of different sizes. Thus, the soil can be classified as sandy, loamy and clayey depending upon the amount of sand silt, clay and humus in it. A loamy ...
File
File

... Classification of Metamorphic Rocks  Classified by __________________________________________ Classified by Texture Foliated Metamorphic Rock ...
FERTILITY CAPABILITY CLASSIFICATION Problem soils have been
FERTILITY CAPABILITY CLASSIFICATION Problem soils have been

... within 50 cm, except in organic soils where pH must be less than 4.7; h = (acid): 10-60% AI-saturation of the effective CEC within 50 cm of soil surface, or pH in 1:1 H20 between 5.0 and 6.0%; i = (high p-fixation by iron): % free Fe2 03/% clay> 0.15 and more than 35% clay, or hues of 7.5 YR or redd ...
Earth*s External Processes
Earth*s External Processes

... water percolating through decaying organic matter and into the soil ...
“Distribution of tetraether lipids in agricultural soils – differentiation
“Distribution of tetraether lipids in agricultural soils – differentiation

... Management practices exert a major control on the duration and frequency of anoxic-oxic cycles, dependent one whether 1, 2, or 3 rice growth period per annum occurred. The question whether natural or human-induced variation in ecosystem properties dominate the microbial community association was add ...
Study on carbon in Midwest Soil
Study on carbon in Midwest Soil

... more of it and store it (via photosynthesis) in their root systems — a net gain of carbon to the soil. However, as temperatures simultaneously increase, the microbes in soil become increasingly active, eating up more soil matter and releasing more carbon. Whatever small benefit higher atmospheric CO ...
The Eco-Hydrological Role of Physical Surface Sealing in Dry
The Eco-Hydrological Role of Physical Surface Sealing in Dry

... between vegetation patches. The low hydraulic conductivity that characterizes the seal layer reduces both infiltration and evaporation fluxes from the soil, and thus has the potential to affect local vegetation water availability and consequently transpiration rates. This effect is investigated here ...
Earth`s Resources
Earth`s Resources

... Service has set many restrictions of size, amount, and season to help sustain this valuable resource – Aquaculture… fish hatcheries • Raises fish for human consumption – Causes coastal pollution and eutrophication is not wisely managed ...
10. 1 Directed Reading A
10. 1 Directed Reading A

... _____ 2. Mechanical weathering is the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces by a. warm weather. b. cold weather. c. chemical processes. d. physical means. _____ 3. Ice, wind, water, gravity, plants, and animals can all be agents of a. mechanical weathering. b. chemical weathering. c. chemical proces ...
Soils and Global Warming: A Positive or Negative Feedback?
Soils and Global Warming: A Positive or Negative Feedback?

... •Climate change may change inputs •Will climate change loss rates? (k) –Virtually all studies show it will (at least on short term)\ –Microbes increase rates, decompose the most readily accessable C materials (and therefore increase CO2 losses) •Some recent discussions have confused soil respiration ...
Weathering Erosion and Deposition
Weathering Erosion and Deposition

... • Sinkholes ! form when the roof of a cave collapses (2) • Stalactites ! when water with dissolved minerals drips down and solidifies before falling all the way to ground. Looks like an icicle (3) • Stalagmites ! when the dissolved calcite that drips down from the ceiling of the cave falls to the fl ...
Agricultural Science Past Exam Questions Soil Science
Agricultural Science Past Exam Questions Soil Science

... Agricultural Science Past Exam Questions Soil Science Higher Level ...
Organic Matter
Organic Matter

... Sandy soils have good aeration but dry out quickly. Sandy soils increase water holding capacity and have less erosion as O.M. is added? ...
Engineering Properties of Soils
Engineering Properties of Soils

...  Type of water found in soil  Free water or gravitational water – found below groundwater – free to flow under the laws of gravity  Capillary water – brought up through the soil pores – above the groundwater table  Attached water or held water – moisture film around soil grains  The rate of wat ...
Soil Forming Processes
Soil Forming Processes

... Soil Forming Processes Introduction Soil forming processes are determined by climate and organisms (both plants and animals) acting on the local geological surface materials over time under the influence of the slope of the land and human activities. The interaction between these factors initiates a ...
File
File

... Release of pressure-erosion moving material from the outside of a rock releases pressure on rocks below causing the rock’s surface to crack and flake off. ...
Weathering Overview
Weathering Overview

... reduced c. bedrock surface that was buried expands d. long, curved cracks form (AKA joints) ...
Higher Geography Biosphere For this unit you should be able to
Higher Geography Biosphere For this unit you should be able to

... The term Biosphere refers to the biotic response to specific climatic and other environmental conditions such as relief and soils, which results in a variety of different types of vegetation. The various plants which exist on the earth’s surface inter-react within a system called an ecosystem. ...
Talking points for classroom discussion
Talking points for classroom discussion

...  Erosion – the physical wearing away of the earth’s surface; surface soil material is removed in the process.  (Surface water) runoff – water from precipitation that is not absorbed into the ground and instead flows along the surface  Organic matter – material from anything that once lived, inclu ...
Chapter 10 Chapter Review Answer Key
Chapter 10 Chapter Review Answer Key

... 11. Describe the two major types of weathering. Mechanical weathering is the breaking down of rock by physical means. Chemical weathering is the process by which rocks break down as a result of a chemical reaction. 12. Why is Devil’s Tower higher than the surrounding area? Devil’s tower is higher th ...
< 1 ... 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 ... 213 >

Pedosphere

The pedosphere (from Greek πέδον pedon ""soil"" or ""earth"" and σφαίρα sfaíra ""sphere"") is the outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil and subject to soil formation processes. It exists at the interface of the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. The sum total of all the organisms, soils, water and air is termed as the ""pedosphere"". The pedosphere is the skin of the Earth and only develops when there is a dynamic interaction between the atmosphere (air in and above the soil), biosphere (living organisms), lithosphere (unconsolidated regolith and consolidated bedrock) and the hydrosphere (water in, on and below the soil). The pedosphere is the foundation of terrestrial life on this planet. There is a realization that the pedosphere needs to be distinctly recognized as a dynamic interface of all terrestrial ecosystems and be integrated into the Earth System Science knowledge base.The pedosphere acts as the mediator of chemical and biogeochemical flux into and out of these respective systems and is made up of gaseous, mineralic, fluid and biologic components. The pedosphere lies within the Critical Zone, a broader interface that includes vegetation, pedosphere, groundwater aquifer systems, regolith and finally ends at some depth in the bedrock where the biosphere and hydrosphere cease to make significant changes to the chemistry at depth. As part of the larger global system, any particular environment in which soil forms is influenced solely by its geographic position on the globe as climatic, geologic, biologic and anthropogenic changes occur with changes in longitude and latitude.The pedosphere lies below the vegetative cover of the biosphere and above the hydrosphere and lithosphere. The soil forming process (pedogenesis) can begin without the aid of biology but is significantly quickened in the presence of biologic reactions. Soil formation begins with the chemical and/or physical breakdown of minerals to form the initial material that overlies the bedrock substrate. Biology quickens this by secreting acidic compounds (dominantly fulvic acids) that help break rock apart. Particular biologic pioneers are lichen, mosses and seed bearing plants but many other inorganic reactions take place that diversify the chemical makeup of the early soil layer. Once weathering and decomposition products accumulate, a coherent soil body allows the migration of fluids both vertically and laterally through the soil profile causing ion exchange between solid, fluid and gaseous phases. As time progresses, the bulk geochemistry of the soil layer will deviate away from the initial composition of the bedrock and will evolve to a chemistry that reflects the type of reactions that take place in the soil.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report